Sugar beet for bioethanol production: An approach based on environmental agricultural outputs

ADEME, 2010. Life Cycle Analyses Applied to First Generation Biofuels Used in France. Major insights and learnings. Agence de l’environnement, Maîtrise de l’Energie, the Ministère de l’Ecologie, Energie, du Développement Durable et de la Mer, the Ministère de l’Alimentation, de l’Agriculture et de la Pêche, y FranceAgriMer (FAM), Paris. Agrosynergie, 2011. Evaluation of CAP Measures Applied to the Sugar Sector. Final Report, Groupement Européen d’Intéret Economique, Auzeville. AIMCRA. Boletín Bimensual. Research Association on Improvement in Sugar Beet Crop, Valladolid. Available on 〈http://www.aimcra.com〉. Biofuels Platform, 2010. Production of Bioethanol in the EU. Available on 〈http://www.biofuels-platform.ch/en/infos/eu-bioethanol.php〉. Bogetoft, 2007, Reallocating sugar beet contracts: can sugar production survive in Denmark?, European Review of Agricultural Economics, 34, 1, 10.1093/erae/jbm002 Bosetti, 2009, Data envelopment analysis of different climate policy scenarios, Ecological Economics, 68, 1340, 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2008.09.007 Concawe, 2002. Energy and Green House Gas Balance of Biofuels for Europe, an Update. Ad hoc Group on Alternative Fuels, Brussels. Cooper, 2000 Cooper, 2004 Charnes, 1978, Measuring the efficiency of decision making units, European Journal of Operational Research, 2, 429, 10.1016/0377-2217(78)90138-8 DEFRA, 2010. Recent Changes in the Area of Sugar Beet in England. Report no. 21, Defra Agricultural Change and Environment Observatory, London. Demirbas, 2009, Political, economic and environmental impacts of biofuels: a review, Applied Energy, 86, 108, 10.1016/j.apenergy.2009.04.036 European Commission, 1994. Application of biologically derived products as fuels or additives in combustion engines. Publication No. EUR 15647. Directorate-General XII Science, Research and Development. Brussels. European Commission, 2003. Regulation 1782/2003. DOCE L 270/1, Brussels. European Commission, 2006. Regulation 318/2006. DOCE L 58/1, Brussels. European Commission, 2009. Regulation 73/2009. DOCE L 30/16, Brussels. European Commission, 2010. Energy 2020: A Strategy for Competitive, Sustainable and Secure Energy. COM(2010) 639 final, Brussels. European Commission, 2011a. Recent Progress in Developing Renewable Energy Sources and Technical Evaluation of the Use of Biofuels and Other Renewable Fuels in Transport in Accordance with Article 3 of Directive 2001/77/EC and Article 4(2) of Directive 2003/30/EC. SEC(2011) 130 Final, Brussels. European Commission, 2011b. Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council on Support for Rural Development by the European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development (EAFRD). COM(2011) 627 Final/2, Brussels. European Parliament, 2010. A new Energy Strategy for Europe 2011-2020. P7_TA(2010)0441, Brussels. Eurostat, 2010. Statistical data. Available on 〈http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/portal/page/portal/eurostat/home/〉. Eurostat, 2011. Statistical data. Available on 〈http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/portal/page/portal/eurostat/home/〉. Eurostat, 2012. Statistical data. Available on 〈http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/portal/page/portal/eurostat/home/〉. FAO, 2008. The State of Food and Agriculture. Biofuels Prospects, Risks and Opportunities. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome. Färe, 1989, The effect of environmental regulations on the efficiency of electric utilities: 1969 versus 1975, Applied Economics, 21, 225, 10.1080/773142468 Farrell, 1957, The measurement of productive efficiency, Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series A, 120, 253, 10.2307/2343100 Figge, 2005, The cost of sustainability capital and the creation of sustainable value by companies, Journal of Industrial Ecology, 9, 47, 10.1162/108819805775247936 Flach, B., Lieberz, S., Bendz, K., Dahlbacka, B., 2011. EU-27 Annual Biofuels Report. USDA, Washington D. C. General Motors Corporation, Argonne National Laboratory, BP, ExxonMobil, and Shell, 2001. Well-to-Whell enerby use and greenhouse gas emissions of advanced fuel/vehicle systems - North America analysis. Volumes 1–3. Available on 〈http://www.transportation.anl.gov/ttrdc/publications/gapc.html〉 Gohin, A., 2007. Prospective Agriculture 2013. Résultats des travaux quantitatifs. Modèle Goal. INRA, Rennes. Hill, 2006, Environmental economic, and energetic costs and benefits of biodiesel and ethanol biofuels, Proceedings of National Academy of Science USA, 30, 11206, 10.1073/pnas.0604600103 IFRI, 2006. Biofuel Production in Developing Countries. Working Paper, International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington D.C. INE, 2008. Statistical Dada. Spanish Statistical Institute, Madrid. Available on 〈http://www.ine.es/inebmenu/mnu_agricultura.htm〉. IPCC, 2006. IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use, vol. 4, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Geneve. IPTS, 2002. Impacts of the EU Biofuel Target on Agricultural Markets and Land Use: A Comparative Modelling Assessment. Institute of Prospective Technological Studies, Seville. Korhonen, 2004, Eco-efficiency analysis of power plants: An extension of data envelopment analysis, European Journal of Operational Research, 154, 437, 10.1016/S0377-2217(03)00180-2 Lankoski, 2011, Bio-fuel policies and the environment: do climate benefits warrant increased production from bio-fuel feedstocks?, Ecological Economics, 70, 676, 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2010.11.002 Lechón, 2009, Energy and greenhouse gas emission savings of biofuels in Spain’s transport fuel. The adoption of the EU policy on biofuels, Biomass and Bioenergy, 33, 920, 10.1016/j.biombioe.2009.02.001 Levy, 1993 Litwin, 1995 MAGRAMA, 2010. Anuario de Estadística Agraria 2009. Ministerio de Agricultura, Alimentación y Medio Ambiente, Madrid. Merino, 2008, Biorefinería multifunctional. Una opción viable para potenciar el cultivo de la remolacha en la cuenca del Duero, Remolacha, 149, 46 Mortimer, N.D., Elsayed, M.A., Horne, R.E., 2004. Energy and Greenhouse Gas Emissions for Bioethanol Production from Wheat Grain and Sugar Beet. Resources Research Unit, School of Environment and Development, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield. OECD, 2004. Biofuel Support Policies. An Economic assessment. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Paris. Piot-lepeti, 1997, Agriculture’s environmental externalities: DEA evidence for French agriculture, Applied Economics, 29, 331, 10.1080/000368497327100 Qiu, 2010, Applied Energy, 87, 76, 10.1016/j.apenergy.2009.07.015 Rajagopal, 2007 Reinhard, 2000, Environmental efficiency with multiple environmentally detrimental variables; estimated with SFA and DEA, European Journal of Operational Research, 121, 287, 10.1016/S0377-2217(99)00218-0 RFA, 2010. Statistical Data. Renewable Fuels Association. Available on 〈http://www.ethanolrfa.org/〉. Runge, C.F., Senauer, B., 2007. How Biofuels Could Starve the Poor. Foreign Affairs, May/June. Sarkisian, D., 2010. The False Dilemma of “food or fuel”. The Effects of Ethanol Production on Crop Prices and Agricultural Land Use. Undergraduate Thesis. Duke University, Durham. Van Passel, 2009, Sustainable value assessment of farms using frontier efficiency benchmarks, Journal of Environmental Management, 90, 3057, 10.1016/j.jenvman.2009.04.009 Von Braun, J., Pachauri, R.K., 2006. Essay: Promises and Challenges of Biofuels for the Por in Developing Countries. Annual Reoport, International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington D. C. Woods, H., Bauen, A., 2003. Technology Status and Carbon Abatement Potential of Renewable Transport Fuel in U.K. B/U2/00785REP URN 03/982. Imperial College of London and Centre for Energy Policy and Technology, London. Zhang, 2008, Environmental performance in China’s agricultural sector: a case study in corn production, Applied Economics Letters, 15, 641, 10.1080/13504850600721874