Cảm thấy đau khổ trong im lặng: một nghiên cứu định tính về trải nghiệm sống chung với đau cơ xương khớp mãn tính của người cao tuổi tại nhà

European Journal of Ageing - Tập 18 - Trang 55-63 - 2020
Catharina Gillsjö1,2, Kristina Nässén3, Mia Berglund1
1School of Health Sciences, University of Skövde, Skövde, Sweden
2College of Nursing, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, USA
3Academy of Care, Working Life and Social Welfare, University of Borås, Borås, Sweden

Tóm tắt

Đau cơ xương khớp mãn tính là một vấn đề sức khỏe chính gây tàn tật và thường bị bỏ qua trong số ngày càng nhiều người cao tuổi trên toàn cầu. Tuy nhiên, kiến thức về kinh nghiệm sống với loại đau này của người cao tuổi sống tại cộng đồng còn hạn chế. Mục tiêu của nghiên cứu là làm sâu sắc thêm sự hiểu biết về hiện tượng này: người cao tuổi trải nghiệm cuộc sống với đau cơ xương khớp mãn tính tại nhà như thế nào. Thiết kế nghiên cứu là phương pháp Nghiên cứu Thế giới Sống Tương phản định tính dựa trên nền tảng triết học hiện tượng học. Dữ liệu được thu thập từ 20 người cao tuổi sống tại cộng đồng, trong độ tuổi từ 72 đến 97. Dữ liệu được thu thập thông qua các cuộc phỏng vấn tự do và được phân tích để hiểu các ý nghĩa của hiện tượng. Bản chất của hiện tượng bao gồm việc chịu đựng trong im lặng và có các thành phần sau: sự cô đơn và những hạn chế trong cuộc sống hàng ngày; cách chịu đựng và phân tâm khỏi cơn đau; không được coi trọng; nỗi sợ hãi về tương lai; và việc trân trọng niềm vui và ý nghĩa trong cuộc sống. Sống với đau cơ xương khớp mãn tính hạn chế khả năng tiếp cận thế giới và dẫn đến việc chịu đựng trong im lặng. Việc tìm kiếm cách chịu đựng và phân tâm khỏi cơn đau, cũng như tập trung vào những vấn đề mang lại niềm vui và ý nghĩa trong cuộc sống, là điều quan trọng trong nỗ lực cân bằng giữa những hạn chế do đau đớn gây ra. Nỗi khổ đau được củng cố bởi sự cô đơn, cảm giác không được coi trọng bởi các nhà cung cấp dịch vụ chăm sóc sức khỏe và nỗi sợ hãi về một tương lai không chắc chắn. Cần phải tăng cường sự chú ý và nhạy bén trong việc đáp ứng nhu cầu của từng người cao tuổi và cung cấp một sự chăm sóc giúp giảm bớt khổ đau và duy trì, thúc đẩy sức khỏe và hạnh phúc.

Từ khóa

#đau cơ xương khớp mãn tính #người cao tuổi #nghiên cứu định tính #trải nghiệm sống #sức khỏe cộng đồng

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