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Các sợi filamen tăng cường quy mô phụ và cơ chế hình thành mặt phẳng trong các eddy quy mô trung tại Biển Đông
Tóm tắt
Hoạt động quy mô phụ trong đại dương bề mặt đã nhận được sự nghiên cứu sâu sắc thông qua các mô phỏng và quan sát trong thập kỷ qua, nhưng trong Biển Đông (BĐ) có sự hoạt động của eddy, các quá trình động lực học quy mô phụ tinh vi và những tác động tiềm năng của chúng chưa được hiểu rõ. Nghiên cứu này tập trung vào các filamen kéo dài của một trường eddy ở BĐ phía Bắc và điều tra các chuyển động thẳng đứng gia tăng quy mô phụ cùng với cơ chế cơ bản bằng cách sử dụng các quan sát từ vệ tinh và mô phỏng độ phân giải cao (∼500 m). Các hình ảnh từ vệ tinh cho thấy các dải sản xuất cao kéo dài với kích thước ngang điển hình khoảng ∼25 km và các filamen liên quan thường xuyên được quan sát ở rìa của các eddy quy mô trung. Các kết quả chẩn đoán dựa trên mô phỏng thực tế với độ phân giải 500 m chỉ ra rằng các filamen quy mô phụ này được đặc trưng bởi các lưu thông thứ cấp thẳng đứng xuyên filamen với vận tốc thẳng đứng gia tăng lên đến O(100 m/d) do sự không ổn định quy mô phụ. Các chuyển động thẳng đứng của lưu thông thứ cấp tạo ra một dòng năng lượng thẳng đứng tái điều chỉnh dọc theo các vùng filamen và kích thích một dòng nhiệt thẳng đứng lên tới 110 W/m2. Kết quả này ngụ ý rằng có sự trao đổi thẳng đứng gia tăng đáng kể giữa bề mặt đại dương và nội tại trong các filamen. Hiện tượng hình thành mặt phẳng (frontogenesis) làm sắc nét các gradient năng lượng ngang được phát hiện là có lợi cho việc kích thích các không ổn định quy mô phụ và tăng cường các lưu thông thứ cấp thông qua việc gia tăng tính baroclinicity của filamen. Phân tích thêm cho thấy frontogenesis của filamen được phát hiện trong nghiên cứu này không chỉ xuất phát từ việc kéo căng quy mô trung của eddy, mà còn được gây ra hiệu quả bởi sự kéo căng quy mô phụ tiếp theo do sự hội tụ không đồng nhất. Trong bối cảnh này, các filamen quy mô phụ và các quá trình frontogenetic liên quan có thể cung cấp một cách giải thích tiềm năng cho nguồn cung dinh dưỡng thẳng đứng cho sự phát triển của fitoplankton trong các dải sản xuất cao trong các eddy quy mô trung, cũng như việc vận chuyển nhiệt thẳng đứng được tăng cường.
Từ khóa
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