Studies of the horizontal inhomogeneities in NO<sub>2</sub> concentrations above a shipping lane using ground-based multi-axis differential optical absorption spectroscopy (MAX-DOAS) measurements and validation with airborne imaging DOAS measurements

Atmospheric Measurement Techniques - Tập 12 Số 11 - Trang 5959-5977
André Seyler1, Andreas Carlos Meier1, F. Wittrock1, Lisa Kattner2,1, Barbara Mathieu-Üffing2,1,3, Enno Peters1,4, Andreas Richter1, Thomas Ruhtz5, Anja Schönhardt1, Stefan Schmolke2, John P. Burrows1
1Institute of Environmental Physics, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
2Federal Maritime and Hydrographic Agency (BSH), Hamburg, Germany
3now at: State Agency for Agriculture, Environment and Rural Areas of the German Federal State Schleswig-Holstein (LLUR), Flintbek, Germany
4now at: Institute for the Protection of Maritime Infrastructures, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Bremerhaven, Germany
5Institute for Space Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany

Tóm tắt

Abstract. This study describes a novel application of an “onion-peeling” approach to multi-axis differential optical absorption spectroscopy (MAX-DOAS) measurements of shipping emissions aiming at investigating the strong horizontal inhomogeneities in NO2 over a shipping lane. To monitor ship emissions on the main shipping route towards the port of Hamburg, a two-channel (UV and visible) MAX-DOAS instrument was deployed on the island Neuwerk in the German Bight, 6–7 km south of the main shipping lane. Utilizing the fact that the effective light path length in the atmosphere depends systematically on wavelength, simultaneous measurements and DOAS retrievals in the UV and visible spectral ranges are used to probe air masses at different horizontal distances to the instrument to estimate two-dimensional pollutant distributions. Two case studies have been selected to demonstrate the ability to derive the approximate plume positions in the observed area. A situation with northerly wind shows high NO2 concentrations close to the measurement site and low values in the north of the shipping lane. The opposite situation with southerly wind, unfavorable for the on-site in situ instrumentation, demonstrates the ability to detect enhanced NO2 concentrations several kilometers away from the instrument. Using a Gaussian plume model, in-plume NO2 volume mixing ratios can be derived from the MAX-DOAS measurements. For validation, a comparison to airborne imaging DOAS measurements during the NOSE campaign in July 2013 is performed, showing good agreement between the approximate plume position derived from the onion-peeling MAX-DOAS and the airborne measurements as well as between the derived in-plume NO2 volume mixing ratios (VMRs).

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Atmospheric Measurement Techniques

Tập 12 Số 11

5959-5977

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