Studies in the mechanics of synovial joints

(1) Those geometrical factors which determine the effect upon a bone of successive movements at a joint are considered. (2) The following terms are defined:—Cardinal movements, circumductions, conjunct and adjunct rotations, diadochal movements, loxodromic movements. (3) These terms are necessary for a discussion of the practical mechanics of the joints. (4) They are illustrated by experiments upon the shoulder joint.