Structural behavior of right-angle two-planar tubular TT-joints subjected to axial loadings at fire-induced elevated temperatures

Choo, 2004, Static strength of doubler plate reinforced CHS X-joints loaded by in-plane bending, J. Constr. Steel Res., 60, 1725, 10.1016/j.jcsr.2004.05.004 Van der Vegte, 2005, Static strength of T-joints reinforced with doubler or collar plats. II: numerical simulation, J. Struct. Eng., 131, 129, 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2005)131:1(129) Yang, 2012, Static strength of chord reinforced tubular Y-joints under axial loading, Mar. Struct., 29, 226, 10.1016/j.marstruc.2012.06.003 Nassiraei, 2016, Static strength of offshore tubular T/Y-joints reinforced with collar plate subjected to tensile brace loading, Thin-Walled Struct., 103, 141, 10.1016/j.tws.2016.02.010 Nassiraei, 2016, Static strength of collar plate reinforced tubular T/Y-joints under brace compressive loading, J. Constr. Steel Res., 119, 39, 10.1016/j.jcsr.2015.12.011 Nassiraei, 2016, Structural behavior of tubular T/Y-joints with collar plate under static in-plane bending, J. Constr. Steel Res., 123, 121, 10.1016/j.jcsr.2016.04.029 Zhu, 2016, Experimental study of the axial compressive strength of CHS T-joints reinforced with external stiffening rings, Thin-Walled Struct., 98, 245, 10.1016/j.tws.2015.09.029 Nassiraei, 2016, Static strength of doubler plate reinforced tubular T/Y-joints subjected to brace compressive loading: study of geometrical effects and parametric formulation, Thin-Walled Struct., 107, 231, 10.1016/j.tws.2016.06.009 Nassiraei, 2016, Static performance of doubler plate reinforced tubular T/Y-joints subjected to brace tension, Thin-Walled Struct., 108, 138, 10.1016/j.tws.2016.08.012 Nassiraei, 2017, Static strength of doubler plate reinforced tubular T/Y-joints under in-plane bending load, J. Constr. Steel Res., 136, 49, 10.1016/j.jcsr.2017.05.009 Scola, 1990, Behaviour of axially loaded tubular V-joints, J. Constr. Steel Res., 16, 89, 10.1016/0143-974X(90)90015-9 Paul, 1993, Ultimate resistance of tubular double T-joints axial brace loading, J. Constr. Steel Res., 24, 205, 10.1016/0143-974X(93)90044-S Makino, 1993, Ultimate behaviour of diaphragm-stiffened tubular KK-joints, 465 Paul, 1992, Ultimate behaviour of multiplanar double K-joints of circular hollow section members, 377 Lee, 1995, Numerical modeling of CHS joints with multiplanar double-K configuration, J. Constr. Steel Res., 32, 281, 10.1016/0143-974X(95)93899-F Lee, 1996, Parametric study of strength of tubular multiplanar KK-joints, J. Struct. Eng., 122, 893, 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1996)122:8(893) Lee, 1997, Strength of multiplanar tubular KK-joints under antisymmetrical axial loading, J. Struct. Eng., 123, 755, 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1997)123:6(755) Forti, 2015, Parametric study of tubular KK multiplanar steel connections, J. Constr. Steel Res., 114, 188, 10.1016/j.jcsr.2015.07.010 Paul, 1989, The static strength of multiplanar X-joints, Proc. Int. Symp. Tubular Struct., 73 van der Vegte, 1991, Numerical simulation of experiments on multiplanar tubular steel X-joints, Int. J. Offshore Polar Eng., 1, 200 Azari Dodaran, 2018, Parametric study on structural behavior of tubular K-joints under axial loading at fire-induced elevated temperatures, Thin-Walled Struct., 130, 467, 10.1016/j.tws.2018.06.014 Azari Dodaran, 2018, Static strength of axially loaded tubular KT-joints at elevated temperatures: study of geometrical effects and parametric formulation, Mar. Struct., 61, 282, 10.1016/j.marstruc.2018.06.009 Lan, 2018, Static strength of stainless steel K- and N-joints at elevated temperature, Thin-Walled Struct., 122, 501, 10.1016/j.tws.2017.10.009 He, 2013, Experimental study on circular hollow section (CHS) tubular K-joints at elevated temperature, Eng. Fail. Anal., 34, 204, 10.1016/j.engfailanal.2013.07.035 He, 2015, Parametric study on performance of circular tubular K-joints at elevated temperature, Fire Saf., 71, 174, 10.1016/j.firesaf.2014.11.001 Ozyurt, 2014, Elevated temperature resistance of welded tubular joints under axial load in the brace member, Eng. Struct., 59, 574, 10.1016/j.engstruct.2013.11.014 Wardenier, 2008 2005 He, 2015, Evaluation of fire resistance of tubular K-joints based on critical temperature, J. Constr. Steel Res., 115, 398, 10.1016/j.jcsr.2015.08.034 Lan, 2016, Joint strength reduction factor of internally ring-stiffened tubular joints at elevated temperatures, Adv. Struct. Eng., 1 Lan, 2016, Structural design of cold-formed stainless steel tubular X- and T-joints at elevated temperatures, Thin-Walled Struct., 108, 270, 10.1016/j.tws.2016.08.014 Tan, 2013, Structural behavior of CHS T-joints subjected to brace axial compression in fire condition, J. Struct. Eng., 139, 73, 10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0000604 Liu, 2009, Study on load capacity and deformation of T-joints with reinforced ring at elevated temperature, China Offshore Platform, 24, 17 Liu, 2010, An experimental study of the mechanical behavior of steel planar tubular trusses in a fire, J. Constr. Steel Res., 66, 504, 10.1016/j.jcsr.2009.11.005 Yu, 2011, Experimental study on mechanical behavior of an impacted steel tubular T-joint in fire, J. Constr. Steel Res., 67, 1376, 10.1016/j.jcsr.2011.03.001 Jin, 2011, Mechanical behavior of tubular T-joint after fire, J. Shanghai Jiaot. Univ., 16, 97, 10.1007/s12204-011-1101-z Jin, 2012, Experimental and parametric study on post-fire behavior of tubular T-joint, J. Constr. Steel Res., 70, 93, 10.1016/j.jcsr.2011.07.018 Xu, 2012, Prediction of ultimate bearing capacity of tubular T-joint under fire using artificial neural networks, Saf. Sci., 50, 1495, 10.1016/j.ssci.2012.02.004 Chen, 2013, Experimental and numerical study on fire resistance of circular tubular T-joints, J. Constr. Steel Res., 85, 24, 10.1016/j.jcsr.2013.02.013 Chen, 2015, Study on fire resistance of circular hollow section (CHS) T-joints stiffened with internal rings, Thin-Walled Struct., 92, 104, 10.1016/j.tws.2015.02.005 Gao, 2015, Fire resistance behavior of tubular T-joints reinforced with collar plates, J. Constr. Steel Res., 115, 106, 10.1016/j.jcsr.2015.07.021 Fung, 2015, Structural behavior of CHS T-joints Subjected to static in-plane bending in fire condition, J. Struct. Eng., 1 Shao, 2016, Performance of tubular T-joints at elevated temperature by considering effect of chord compressive stress, Thin-Walled Struct., 98, 533, 10.1016/j.tws.2015.10.022 Shao, 2017, Discussion on two methods for determining static strength of tubular T-joints at elevated temperature, Adv. Struct. Eng., 20, 704, 10.1177/1369433216662287 Shao, 2017, Prediction on static strength for CHS tubular K-joints at elevated temperature, KSCE J. Civ. Eng., 21, 900, 10.1007/s12205-016-0805-x Ozyurt, 2018, Resistance of axially loaded T- and X- joints of elliptical hollow sections at elevated temperature- A finite element study, Structures, 14, 15, 10.1016/j.istruc.2018.01.004 Gao, 2018, Fire-resistance behavior of completely overlapped tubular joints under lap brace axial loading, J. Struct. Eng., 144, 1, 10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0002130 2005 Fung, 2001, Ultimate capacity of completely overlapped tubular joints I: an experimental investigation, J. Constr. Steel Res., 57, 855, 10.1016/S0143-974X(01)00013-X Javidan, 2016, Effect of weld on the mechanical properties of high strength and ultra-high strength steel tubes in fabricate hybrid sections, Eng. Struct., 118, 16, 10.1016/j.engstruct.2016.03.046 Efthymiou, 1985, 185 Smedley, 1991, Stress concentration factors for simple tubular joints Morgan, 1998, Prediction of stress concentrations and degrees of bending in axially loaded tubular K-joints, J. Constr. Steel Res., 45, 67, 10.1016/S0143-974X(97)00059-X Choo, 2006, Effects of boundary conditions and chord stresses on static strength of thick-walled CHS K-joints, J. Constr. Steel Res., 62, 316, 10.1016/j.jcsr.2005.08.001 Cofer, 1992, A finite element technique for the ultimate strength analysis of tubular joints, Eng. Comput., 9, 345, 10.1108/eb023871 Dexter, 1999, Static strength of axially loaded tubular K-joints I: Behaviour, J. Struct. Eng., 125, 194, 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1999)125:2(194) Qian, 2005, Simulation of ductile fracture of circular hollow section joints using the Gurson model, J. Struct. Eng., 131, 768, 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2005)131:5(768) Ma, 2015, Simulation of ductile fracture in welded tubular connections using a simplified damage plasticity model considering the effect of stress triaxiality and lode angle, J. Constr. Steel Res., 114, 217, 10.1016/j.jcsr.2015.07.023 Gu, 2016, A toughness based deformation limit for X- and K-joints under brace axial tension, Front. Struct. Civ. Eng., 10, 345, 10.1007/s11709-016-0333-2 Kohnke, 2009, vol. 12 Lu, 1994 UK Department of Energy (DoE), 1983 1994