Stroke

Neurologic Clinics - Tập 11 - Trang 577-590 - 1993
James Kokkinos1, Steven R. Levine1
1From the Center for Stroke Research, Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital and Health Science Center, Detroit, Michigan

Tài liệu tham khảo

Berger, 1990, Cerebrovascular disease in AIDS: A case-control study, AIDS, 4, 239, 10.1097/00002030-199003000-00010 Bessen, 1982, Intracranial hemorrhage associated with phencyclidine abuse, JAMA, 248, 585, 10.1001/jama.1982.03330050067036 Bostwick, 1981, Amphetamine-induced cerebral vasculitis, Hum Pathol, 12, 1031, 10.1016/S0046-8177(81)80262-6 Boyko, 1987, Pathological and radiological correlation of subarachnoid hemorrhage in phencyclidine abuse, J Neurosurg, 67, 446, 10.3171/jns.1987.67.3.0446 Brower, 1991, Clinical assessment and urine testing for ana-bolic-ardrogenic steroid abuse and dependence, Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse, 17, 161, 10.3109/00952999108992819 Brown, 1974, Immunologic dysfunction in heroin addicts, Arch Intern Med, 134, 1001, 10.1001/archinte.1974.00320240035003 Brust, 1986, Stroke and Substance Abuse, 903 Brust, 1976, Stroke associated with addiction to heroin, J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 39, 194, 10.1136/jnnp.39.2.194 Brust, 1990, The diagnosis and treatment of cerebral mycotic aneurysms, Ann Neurol, 27, 238, 10.1002/ana.410270305 Camargo, 1989, Moderate alcohol consumption and stroke. The epidemiologic evidence, Stroke, 20, 1611, 10.1161/01.STR.20.12.1611 Camargo, 1985, The effect of moderate alcohol intake on serum apolipoproteins A-l and A-ll, a controlled study, JAMA, 253, 2854, 10.1001/jama.1985.03350430066027 Caplan, 1988, Intracerebral hemorrhage revisited, Neurology, 38, 624, 10.1212/WNL.38.4.624 Caplan, 1982, Central nervous system complications of addiction to “T’s and Blues.”, Neurology, 32, 623, 10.1212/WNL.32.6.623 Chasnoff, 1986, Perinatal cerebral infarction and maternal cocaine use, J Pediatr, 108, 456, 10.1016/S0022-3476(86)80896-4 Chillar, 1981, Reversible hemiplegia after presumed intracarotid injection of ritalin (letter), N Engl J Med, 304, 1305, 10.1056/NEJM198105213042122 Citron, 1970, Necrotizing angiitis associated with drug abuse, N Engl J Med, 283, 1003, 10.1056/NEJM197011052831901 Cohan, 1984, Toxicological analysis in the emergency patient, Am J Emerg Med, 2, 369, 10.1016/0735-6757(84)90174-8 1973, Oral contraception and increased risk of cerebral ischemia or thrombosis, N Engl J Med, 228, 871 Cooles, 1987, Stroke after heavy cannabis smoking, Postgrad Med J, 63, 511, 10.1136/pgmj.63.740.511 Crosley, 1979, Cerebrovascular complications in phencyclidine intoxication, J Pediatr, 94, 316, 10.1016/S0022-3476(79)80857-4 Daler, 1981, Oral contraceptives and cardiovascular disease, Am Heart J, 101, 626, 10.1016/0002-8703(81)90231-3 Daras, 1991, Central nervous system infarction related to cocaine abuse, Stroke, 22, 1320, 10.1161/01.STR.22.10.1320 Delaney, 1980, Intracranial hemorrhage with amphetamine abuse, Neurology, 30, 1125, 10.1212/WNL.30.10.1125 Domino, 1974, Dose-effect relations of marijuana smoking on various physiological parameters in experienced male users. Observations on limits of selftitration of intake, Clin Pharmacol Ther, 15, 514, 10.1002/cpt1974155514 Featherstone, 1986, Clinical features of stroke in migraine. A review, Headache, 26, 128, 10.1111/j.1526-4610.1986.hed2603128.x Frankie, 1988, Anabolic androgenic steroids and a stroke in an athlete: Case report, Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 69, 632 Frazee, 1980, Bacteral intracranial aneurysms, J Neurosurg, 53, 633, 10.3171/jns.1980.53.5.0633 Fredericks, 1991, Cerebral vasculitis associated with cocaine abuse, Stroke, 22, 1437, 10.1161/01.STR.22.11.1437 Glick, 1987, Phenylpropanolamine: An over-the-counter drug causing central nervous system vasculitis and intracerebral hemorrhage: Case report and review, Neurosurgery, 20, 969, 10.1227/00006123-198706000-00027 Gorelick, 1989, The status of alcohol as a risk factor for stroke, Stroke, 20, 1607, 10.1161/01.STR.20.12.1607 Hart, 1990, Stroke in infective endocarditis, Stroke, 21, 695, 10.1161/01.STR.21.5.695 Haselager, 1977, Rebound thrombocytosis after alcohol abuse: A possible factor in the pathogenesis of thromboembolic disease, Lancet, 1, 774, 10.1016/S0140-6736(77)92957-9 Hillbom, 1981, Does alcohol intoxication precipitate aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage?, J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 44, 523, 10.1136/jnnp.44.6.523 Hillbom, 1981, Ethanol intoxication: A risk factor for ischemic brain infarction in adolescents and young adults, Stroke, 12, 422, 10.1161/01.STR.12.4.422 Huang, 1990, Cocaine-induced cerebral vascular damage can be ameliorated by Mg2+ in rat brain, Neurosci, 109, 113 Irey, 1973, Intimai vascular lesions associated with female reproductive steroids, Arch Pathol, 96, 227 Jensen, 1990, Severe nonocclusive ischemic stroke in young heroin addicts, Acta Neurol Scand, 81, 354, 10.1111/j.1600-0404.1990.tb01570.x Johnson, 1983, Stroke and phenylpropanolamine use (letter), Lancet, 2, 970, 10.1016/S0140-6736(83)90485-3 Judice, 1978, Spinal cord vasculitis presenting as a spinal cord tumor in a heroin addict, J Neurosurg, 48, 131, 10.3171/jns.1978.48.1.0131 Kaku, 1990, Emergence of recreational drug abuse as a major risk factor for stroke in young adults, Ann Intern Med, 113, 821, 10.7326/0003-4819-113-11-821 Kase, 1987, Intracerebral hemorrhage and phenylpropanolamine use, Neurology, 37, 399, 10.1212/WNL.37.3.399 Kaye, 1987, Cerebral vasculitis associated with cocaine abuse, JAMA, 258, 2104, 10.1001/jama.1987.03400150096036 Kessler, 1978, Cerebral vasculitis in a drug abuser, J Clin Psychiatry, 39, 559 Krendel, 1990, Biopsy-proven cerebral vasculitis associated with cocaine abuse, Neurology, 40, 1092, 10.1212/WNL.40.7.1092 Lamont, 1982, Glue-sniffing as a cause of a positive radio-isotope brain scan, Eur J Nucl Med, 7, 387, 10.1007/BF00255659 Langner, 1988, Arteriosclerotic toxicity of cocaine, Natl Inst Drug Abuse Res Monogr Ser, 88, 325 Lee, 1973, Retinal and cerebral microembolization of talc in a drug abuser, Am J Med Sci, 265, 75, 10.1097/00000441-197301000-00008 Lee, 1980, Platelet aggregation and fibrinolytic activity in young alcoholics, Acta Neurol Scand, 62, 287, 10.1111/j.1600-0404.1980.tb03038.x Leissinger, 1990, Severe thrombocytopenia associated with cocaine use, Ann Intern Med, 112, 708, 10.7326/0003-4819-112-9-708 Levine, 1991, A comparative study of the cerebrovascular complications of cocaine: Alkaloidal versus hydrochloride-a review, Neurology, 41, 1173, 10.1212/WNL.41.8.1173 Levine, 1990, Cerebrovascular complications of the use of the “crack” form of alkaloidal cocaine, N Engl J Med, 323, 699, 10.1056/NEJM199009133231102 Levine, 1988, Cerebral vasculitis associated with cocaine abuse or subarachnoid hemorrhage? (letter), JAMA, 259, 1648, 10.1001/jama.1988.03720110018018 Lieberman, 1974, Carotid artery occlusion following ingestion of LSD, Stroke, 5, 213, 10.1161/01.STR.5.2.213 Loizou, 1982, Intracranial hemorrhage in association with pseudoephedrine overdosage (letter), J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 45, 471, 10.1136/jnnp.45.5.471 Longstreth, 1984, Oral contraceptives and stroke, Stroke, 15, 747, 10.1161/01.STR.15.4.747 McCarron, 1981, Acute phencyclidine intoxication: Incidence of clinical findings in 1000 cases, Ann Emerg Med, 10, 237, 10.1016/S0196-0644(81)80047-9 MacMahon, 1987, Alcohol consumption and hypertension, Hypertension, 9, 111, 10.1161/01.HYP.9.2.111 Margolis, 1971, Methamphetamine (“speed”) arteritis, Radiology, 2, 179 Meade, 1980, Progestogens and cardiovascular reactions associated with oral contraceptives and a comparison of the safety of 50-and 30-microgram oestrogen preparations, Br Med J, 1, 1157, 10.1136/bmj.280.6224.1157 Mizutani, 1980, Medial medullary syndrome in a drug abuser, Arch Neurol, 37, 425, 10.1001/archneur.1980.00500560055006 Mochizuki, 1988, Cardiomyopathy and cerebrovascular accident associated with anabolic-androgenic steroid use, The Physician and Sports Med, 16, 109, 10.1080/00913847.1988.11709649 Mohan, 1964, Conjugate deviation of the eyes after cannabis indica intoxication, Br J Ophthal, 48, 160, 10.1136/bjo.48.3.160 Montalban, 1989, Cerebral infarction after excessive use of nasal decongestants, J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 52, 541, 10.1136/jnnp.52.4.541 Nadeau, 1984, Intracerebral hemorrhage and vasculitis related to ephedrine abuse (letter), Ann Neurol, 15, 114, 10.1002/ana.410150128 Nagelberg, 1986, Cerebrovascular accident associated with testosterone therapy in a 21-year-old hypogonadal man (letter), N Engl J Med, 314, 649, 10.1056/NEJM198603063141017 Nalls, 1989, Subcortical cerebral hemorrhages associated with cocaine abuse: CT and MRI findings, J Comput Assist Tomogr, 13, 1, 10.1097/00004728-198901000-00001 Parker, 1984, Glue sniffing and cerebral infarction, Arch Dis Child, 59, 675, 10.1136/adc.59.7.675 Protass, 1971, Delayed postanoxic encephalopathy after heroin use, Ann Intern Med, 74, 738, 10.7326/0003-4819-74-5-738 Reed, 1988, A prospective study of cerebral artery atherosclerosis, Stroke, 19, 820, 10.1161/01.STR.19.7.820 Richter, 1973, Neurological complications of addiction to heroin, Bull N Y Acad Med, 49, 3 Rothrock, 1989, Ischemic stroke associated with methamphetamine inhalation, Neurology, 38, 589, 10.1212/WNL.38.4.589 Rumbaugh, 1971, Cerebral vascular changes secondary to amphetamine abuse in the experimental animal, Radiology, 101, 345, 10.1148/101.2.345 Rumbaugh, 1976, Cerebral microvascular injury in experimental drug abuse, Investigative Radiology, 11, 282, 10.1097/00004424-197607000-00005 Salanova, 1984, Intracerebral hemorrhage and vasculitis secondary to amphetamine use, Postgrad Med J, 60, 429, 10.1136/pgmj.60.704.429 Salgado, 1989, Neurologic complications of endocarditis: A 12-year-old experience, Neurology, 39, 173, 10.1212/WNL.39.2.173 Sauer, 1991, Recurrent embolic stroke and cocaine-related cardiomyopathy, Stroke, 22, 1203, 10.1161/01.STR.22.9.1203 Shinton, 1989, Meta-analysis of relation between cigarette smoking and stroke, Br Med J, 298, 789, 10.1136/bmj.298.6676.789 Shiozawa, 1982, Superior sagittal sinus thrombosis associated with androgen therapy for hypoplastic anemia, Ann Neurol, 12, 578, 10.1002/ana.410120613 Sloan, 1991, Recreational drug use and Stroke (letter), Ann Intern Med, 114, 604, 10.7326/0003-4819-114-7-605_1 Sloan, 1991, Occurrence of stroke associated with use/abuse of drugs, Neurology, 41, 1358, 10.1212/WNL.41.9.1358 Sobel, 1971, Carotid artery obstruction following LSD capsule ingestion, Arch Intern Med, 127, 290, 10.1001/archinte.1971.00310140118016 Stafford, 1975, Mononeuropathy multiplex as a complication of amphetamine angiitis, Neurology, 25, 570, 10.1212/WNL.25.6.570 Tell, 1990, Cigarette smoking and extracranial carotid atherosclerosis, Adv Exp Med Biol, 273, 39, 10.1007/978-1-4684-5829-9_5 Toffol, 1987, Nontraumatic intracerebral hemorrhage in young adults, Arch Neurol, 44, 483, 10.1001/archneur.1987.00520170013014 Togna, 1985, Platelet responsiveness and biosynthesis of thromboxane and prostacyclin in response to in vitro cocaine treatment, Hemostasis, 15, 100 Trugman, 1988, Cerebral arteritis and oral methylphenidate (letter), Lancet, 1, 584, 10.1016/S0140-6736(88)91372-4 Tse, 1980, Talc retinopathy, Am J Ophthalm, 90, 624, 10.1016/S0002-9394(14)75129-3 Weiss, 1988, Protracted elimination of cocaine metabolites in long-term, high-dose cocaine abusers, Am J Med, 85, 879, 10.1016/S0002-9343(88)80042-1 Wiseman, 1984, Absence of correlation between oral contraceptive usage and cardiovascular mortality, Int J Fertil, 29, 197 Woods, 1972, Hemiparesis occurring 6 hours after intravenous heroin injection, Neurology, 22, 863, 10.1212/WNL.22.8.863 Wooten, 1983, Intracerebral hemorrhage and vasculitis related to ephedrine abuse, Ann Neurol, 13, 337, 10.1002/ana.410130321 Yu, 1983, Cerebral angiitis and intracerebral hemorrhage associated with methamphetamine abuse, J Neurosurg, 58, 109, 10.3171/jns.1983.58.1.0109 Zachariah, 1991, Stroke after heavy marijuana smoking, Stroke, 22, 406, 10.1161/01.STR.22.3.406