Nghiên cứu thống kê về cấu trúc dòng chảy trong các chế độ khác nhau của lớp biên ổn định

Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 173 - Trang 143-164 - 2019
Nikki Vercauteren1, Vyacheslav Boyko1, Amandine Kaiser1, Danijel Belušić2
1FB Mathematik und Informatik, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
2Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute (SMHI), Norrköping, Sweden

Tóm tắt

Một sự kết hợp các phương pháp bắt nguồn từ phân tích chuỗi thời gian phi dừng được áp dụng cho hai bộ dữ liệu về hiện tượng nhiễu không khí gần bề mặt để hiểu rõ hơn về cơ chế tăng cường không dừng của sự nhiễu gián đoạn trong lớp biên khí quyển ổn định (SBL). Chúng tôi xác định các chế độ nhiễu của SBL mà trong đó khoảng thời gian của nhiễu và chuyển động bán vĩ, và do đó sự phân tách quy mô (hoặc thiếu phân tách), khác nhau. Các cấu trúc dòng chảy phổ biến, hay các sự kiện, được chiết xuất từ dữ liệu nhiễu trong từng chế độ dòng chảy. Chúng tôi liên kết các chế độ dòng chảy được đặc trưng bởi sự phân tầng rất ổn định, nhưng khác nhau về các tương tác động lực và các tính chất vận chuyển của các quy mô chuyển động khác nhau, với một đặc trưng của các cấu trúc dòng chảy được cho là chuyển động bán vĩ.

Từ khóa

#lớp biên khí quyển ổn định #nhiễu #cấu trúc dòng chảy #phân tích chuỗi thời gian phi dừng

Tài liệu tham khảo

Acevedo OC, Mahrt L, Puhales FS, Costa FD, Medeiros LE, Degrazia GA (2015) Contrasting structures between the decoupled and coupled states of the stable boundary layer. Q J R Meteorol Soc 142(695):693–702 Anfossi D, Oettl D, Degrazia G, Goulart A (2005) An analysis of sonic anemometer observations in low wind speed conditions. Boundary-Layer Meteorol 114(1):179–203 Belušić D, Güttler I (2010) Can mesoscale models reproduce meandering motions? Q J R Meteorol Soc 136(648):553–565 Bou-Zeid E, Higgins CW, Huwald H, Meneveau C, Parlange M (2010) Field study of the dynamics and modelling of subgrid-scale turbulence in a stable atmospheric surface layer over a glacier. J Fluid Mech 665:480–515 Brockwell PJ, Davis RA (2002) Introduction to time series and forecasting, 2nd edn. Springer, Berlin Cava D, Mortarini L, Giostra U, Richiardone R, Anfossi D (2016) A wavelet analysis of low-wind-speed submeso motions in a nocturnal boundary layer. Q J R Meteorol Soc 143(703):661–669 Donda JMM, van Hooijdonk IGS, Moene AF, Jonker HJJ, van Heijst GJF, Clercx HJH, van de Wiel BJH (2015) Collapse of turbulence in stably stratified channel flow: a transient phenomenon. Q J R Meteorol Soc 141(691):2137–2147 Faranda D, Pons FME, Dubrulle B, Daviaud F, Saint-Michel B, Herbert É, Cortet PP (2014) Modelling and analysis of turbulent datasets using ARMA processes. Phys Fluids (1994-present) 10:101–105 Horenko I (2010) On the identification of nonstationary factor models and their application to atmospheric data analysis. J Atmos Sci 67(5):1559–1574 Kaiser A (2016) Stably stratified atmospheric boundary layers: event detection and classification for turbulent time series. Bachelor thesis, Freie Universität Berlin Kang Y, Belušić D, Smith-Miles K (2014) Detecting and classifying events in noisy time series. J Atmos Sci 71(3):1090–1104 Kang Y, Belušić D, Smith-Miles K (2015) Classes of structures in the stable atmospheric boundary layer. Q J R Meteorol Soc 141(691):2057–2069 Kolmogorov AN (1941) The local structure of turbulence in incompressible viscous fluid for very large Reynolds numbers. Dokl Akad Nauk SSSR 30:299 Lang F, Belušić D, Siems S (2018) Observations of wind-direction variability in the nocturnal boundary layer. Boundary-Layer Meteorol 166(1):51–69. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10546-017-0296-4 Lilly JM (2017) Element analysis: a wavelet-based method for analysing time-localized events in noisy time series. Proc R Soc A 473(2200):20160–776 Mahrt L (2010) Common microfronts and other solitary events in the nocturnal boundary layer. Q J R Meteorol Soc 136(652):1712–1722 Mahrt L (2014) Stably stratified atmospheric boundary layers. Annu Rev Fluid Mech 46:23–45 Mahrt L, Thomas CK (2016) Surface stress with non-stationary weak winds and stable stratification. Boundary-Layer Meteorol 159(1):3–21 Mahrt L, Richardson SJ, Seaman N, Stauffer DR (2012a) Turbulence in the nocturnal boundary layer with light and variable winds. Q J R Meteorol Soc 138(667):1430–1439 Mahrt L, Thomas CK, Richardson SJ, Seaman N, Stauffer DR, Zeeman MJ (2012b) Non-stationary generation of weak turbulence for very stable and weak-wind conditions. Boundary-Layer Meteorol 147(2):179–199 Mortarini L, Cava D, Giostra U, Acevedo OC, Nogueira Martins LG, Soares de Oliveira PE, Anfossi D (2017) Observations of submeso motions and intermittent turbulent mixing across a low level jet with a 132-m tower. Q J R Meteorol Soc 144(710):172–183 Nevo G, Vercauteren N, Kaiser A, Dubrulle B, Faranda D (2017) Statistical-mechanical approach to study the hydrodynamic stability of the stably stratified atmospheric boundary layer. Phys Rev Fluids 2(8):084–603 Obukhov AM (1941) On the distribution of energy in the spectrum of turbulent flow. Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR 32:19 O’Kane TJ, Risbey JS, Franzke C, Horenko I, Monselesan DP (2013) Changes in the metastability of the midlatitude southern hemisphere circulation and the utility of nonstationary cluster analysis and split-flow blocking indices as diagnostic tools. J Atmos Sci 70(3):824–842 O’Kane TJ, Risbey JS, Monselesan DP, Horenko I, Franzke CLE (2016) On the dynamics of persistent states and their secular trends in the waveguides of the Southern Hemisphere troposphere. Clim Dyn 46(11–12):3567–3597 Pope SB (2000) Turbulent flows. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge Román Cascón C, Yagüe C, Mahrt L, Sastre M, Steeneveld GJ, Pardyjak E, van de Boer A, Hartogensis O (2015) Interactions among drainage flows, gravity waves and turbulence: a BLLAST case study. Atmos Chem Phys 15(15):9031–9047 Sandu I, Beljaars ACM, Bechtold P, Mauritsen T, Balsamo G (2013) Why is it so difficult to represent stably stratified conditions in numerical weather prediction (NWP) models? J Adv Model Earth Syst 5(2):117–133 Sun J, Lenschow DH, Burns S, Banta RM, Newsom R, Coulter R, Nappo CJ, Frasier S, Ince T, Balsley BB (2004) Atmospheric disturbances that generate intermittent turbulence in nocturnal boundary layers. Boundary-Layer Meteorol 110(2):255–279 Sun J, Mahrt L, Banta RM, Pichugina YL (2012) Turbulence regimes and turbulence intermittency in the stable boundary layer during CASES-99. J Atmos Sci 69(1):338–351 Sun J, Mahrt L, Nappo CJ, Lenschow DH (2015) Wind and temperature oscillations generated by wave-turbulence interactions in the stably stratified boundary layer. J Atmos Sci 72(4):1484–1503 Thomson DJ (1987) Criteria for the selection of stochastic models of particle trajectories in turbulent flows. J Fluid Mech 180(–1):529–556 van de Wiel BJH, Moene AF (2003) Intermittent turbulence in the stable boundary layer over land. Part III: a classification for observations during CASES-99. J Atmos Sci 60(20):2509–2522 van de Wiel BJH, Moene AF, Jonker HJJ (2012a) The cessation of continuous turbulence as precursor of the very stable nocturnal boundary layer. J Atmos Sci 69:3097–3115. https://doi.org/10.1175/JAS-D-12-064.1 van de Wiel BJH, Moene AF, Jonker HJJ, Baas P, Basu S, Donda JMM, Sun J, Holtslag A (2012b) The minimum wind speed for sustainable turbulence in the nocturnal boundary layer. J Atmos Sci 69(11):3116–3127 van de Wiel BJH, Vignon E, Baas P, van Hooijdonk IGS, van der Linden SJA, Antoon van Hooft J, Bosveld FC, de Roode SR, Moene AF, Genthon C (2017) Regime transitions in near-surface temperature inversions: a conceptual model. J Atmos Sci 74(4):1057–1073 van Hooijdonk IGS, Donda JMM, Clercx HJH, Bosveld FC, van de Wiel BJH (2015) Shear capacity as prognostic for nocturnal boundary layer regimes. J Atmos Sci 72(4):1518–1532 Vercauteren N, Klein R (2015) A clustering method to characterize intermittent bursts of turbulence and interaction with submesomotions in the stable boundary layer. J Atmos Sci 72(4):1504–1517 Vercauteren N, Mahrt L, Klein R (2016) Investigation of interactions between scales of motion in the stable boundary layer. Q J R Meteorol Soc 142(699):2424–2433 Vercauteren N, Boyko V, Faranda D, Stiperski I (2019) Scale interactions and anisotropy in stable boundary layers. Q J R Meteorol Soc. https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.3524 Vickers D, Mahrt L (2003) The cospectral gap and turbulent flux calculations. J Atmos Ocean Technol 20(5):660–672 Vickers D, Mahrt L (2007) Observations of the cross-wind velocity variance in the stable boundary layer. Environ Fluid Mech 7(1):55–71 Zeeman MJ, Selker JS, Thomas CK (2014) Near-surface motion in the nocturnal, stable boundary layer observed with fibre-optic distributed temperature sensing. Boundary-Layer Meteorol 154(2):189–205