State of ex situ conservation of landrace groups of 25 major crops

Nature Plants - Tập 8 Số 5 - Trang 491-499
Julián Ramírez-Villegas1, Colin K. Khoury1, Harold Achicanoy1, Maria Victoria Diaz1, Andres C. Mendez1, Chrystian C Sosa1, Zakaria Kehel2, Luigi Guarino3, Michael Abberton4, Jorrel Khalil Aunario5, Bashir Al Awar6, Juan C. Braga7, Ahmed Amri2, Noelle L. Anglin8, V. C. R. Azevedo8, Khadija Aziz2, Grace Lee Capilit5, Oswaldo Chávez8, Dmytro Chebotarov5, Denise E. Costich7, Daniel G. Debouck1, David Ellis8, Hamidou Falalou9, Albert Fiu10, Michel Edmond Ghanem11, Peter Giovannini3, Alphonse Goungoulou12, Badara Guèye4, Amal Ibn El Hobyb2, Ramni Jamnadass13, Chris S. Jones14, Sèdjro Bienvenu Kpeki12, Jae-Sung Lee5, Millicent D. Alexandrov Sanciangco5, Alice Muchugi14, Marie-Noëlle Ndjiondjop12, Olaniyi Oyatomi4, Thomas Payne7, Senthil Ramachandran15, Genoveva Rossel8, Nicolás Roux16, Max Ruas16, Carolina Sansaloni7, Julie Sardos16, Tri Setiyono17, Marimagne Tchamba4, Ines Van den houwe18, J. Alejandro Velazquez7, Ramaiah Venuprasad5, Peter Wenzl1, Mariana Yazbek6, Cristian Zavala7
1International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Cali, Colombia
2International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Rabat, Morocco
3Global Crop Diversity Trust, Bonn, Germany
4International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Nigeria
5International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Los Baños, Philippines
6International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Beirut, Lebanon
7International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Texcoco, México
8International Potato Center (CIP), Lima, Peru
9International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Niamey, Niger
10Centre for Pacific Crops and Trees (CePaCT), Narere, Fiji
11Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Benguerir, Morocco
12Africa Rice Center (AfricaRice), Bouaké, Côte d’Ivoire
13World Agroforestry (ICRAF), Nairobi, Kenya
14International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
15International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, India
16Bioversity International, Montpellier, France
17Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA USA
18Bioversity International, Leuven, Belgium

Tóm tắt

AbstractCrop landraces have unique local agroecological and societal functions and offer important genetic resources for plant breeding. Recognition of the value of landrace diversity and concern about its erosion on farms have led to sustained efforts to establish ex situ collections worldwide. The degree to which these efforts have succeeded in conserving landraces has not been comprehensively assessed. Here we modelled the potential distributions of eco-geographically distinguishable groups of landraces of 25 cereal, pulse and starchy root/tuber/fruit crops within their geographic regions of diversity. We then analysed the extent to which these landrace groups are represented in genebank collections, using geographic and ecological coverage metrics as a proxy for genetic diversity. We find that ex situ conservation of landrace groups is currently moderately comprehensive on average, with substantial variation among crops; a mean of 63% ± 12.6% of distributions is currently represented in genebanks. Breadfruit, bananas and plantains, lentils, common beans, chickpeas, barley and bread wheat landrace groups are among the most fully represented, whereas the largest conservation gaps persist for pearl millet, yams, finger millet, groundnut, potatoes and peas. Geographic regions prioritized for further collection of landrace groups for ex situ conservation include South Asia, the Mediterranean and West Asia, Mesoamerica, sub-Saharan Africa, the Andean mountains of South America and Central to East Asia. With further progress to fill these gaps, a high degree of representation of landrace group diversity in genebanks is feasible globally, thus fulfilling international targets for their ex situ conservation.

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Nature Plants

Tập 8 Số 5

491-499

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