Spent Chinese Green Tea as an Adsorbent for Simultaneous Removal of Potentially Toxic Metals from Aqueous Solution
Tóm tắt
Spent wastes are inexpensive, abundantly available, and environmentally friendly and can be introduced into wastewater to remove toxic metals. This study sought to utilise spent Chinese green tea leaves to simultaneously remove cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), mercury (Hg) and lead (Pb) from an aqueous solution. Batch experiments were performed in binary systems with different initial metal concentrations and dosages using 100 mL of aqueous solution and agitating using an orbital shaker for 60 min. The adsorption efficiencies from 98.18 to 99.89% for cadmium, 98.79–99.99% for chromium, 98.18–99.98% for mercury and 86.20–99.99% for lead. The 1/n values indicate that normal adsorption occurred. The adsorption capacity of Cd, Cr, Hg and Pb ranged from – 2.91 × 10–6 to 1.58 × 10–4 mg/g in the study. The correlation coefficient (R2) for Cd, Cr, Hg and Pb in binary components ranged from 0.1434 to 0.9940 for the Langmuir isotherm and 0.0345–0.9993 for the Freundlich isotherm. The pH was between 5.58 and 7.81 which plays a very important role in the adsorption process. The Langmuir adsorption isotherm was the best fitting model for the data. The experiment also showed that increasing the adsorbent dosage led to an increase in adsorption efficiency. The spent adsorbent from Chinese green tea was effective in removing cadmium, chromium, mercury and lead in the aqueous solution. Therefore, it can be used as a low-cost and efficient adsorbent for the removal of potentially toxic metals from aqueous environments.
Tài liệu tham khảo
Gupta VK, Ali I, Saleh TA, Nayak A, Agarwal S (2012) Chemical treatment technologies for waste-water recycling-an overview. RSC Adv 2:6380–6388
Çelebi H, Gok G, Gok O (2020) Adsorption capability of brewed tea waste in waters containing toxic lead (II), cadmium (II), nickel (II), and zinc(II) heavy metal ions. Sci Rep. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-74553-4
Ngulube Q, Parekh CT, Majoni S (2021) Heavy metals in blanket dam and downstream weirs, and the associated risk to human health. Chem Afr 4:217–226
Rahman MS, Ahmed Z, Seefat SM, Alam R, Islam ART, Choudhury TR, Begum BA, Idris AM (2022) Assessment of heavy metal contamination in sediment at the newly established tannery industrial estate in Bangladesh: a case study. Environ Chem Ecotoxicol 4:1–12
Benjelloun M, Miyah Y, Bouslamti R, Nahali L, Mejbar F, Lairini S (2022) The fast-efficient adsorption process of the toxic dye onto shells powders of walnut and peanut: experiments, equilibrium, thermodynamic, and regeneration studies. Chem Afr 5:375–393. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42250-022-00328-1
Çelebi H (2020) Recovery of detox tea wastes: usage as a lignocellulosic adsorbent in Cr6+ adsorption. J Environ Chem Eng 8:1–12
Islam MN, Khan MN, Mallik AK, Rahman MM (2019) Preparation of bio-inspired trimethoxysilyl group terminated poly(1-vinylimidazole)-modified-chitosan composite for adsorption of chromium (VI) ions. J Hazard Mater 379:120792
Edokpayi JN, Rogawski ET, Kahler DM, Hill CL, Reynolds C, Nyathi E, Smith JA, Odiyo JO, Samie A, Bessong P, Dillingham R (2018) Challenges to sustainable safe drinking water: a case study of water quality and use across seasons in rural communities in Limpopo Province, South Africa. Water 10(2):159
Bwapwa JK (2022) Factors affecting the bioremediation of industrial and domestic wastewaters. Microbial biodegradation and bioremediation. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 461–472
Hussein S, Anjali KP, Hassan ST, Dwivedi PB (2018) Waste tea as a novel adsorbent. Appl Water Sci 8(6):165
Singh S, Kumar V, Datta S, Dhanjal DS, Sharma K, Samuel J, Singh J (2020) Current advancement and future prospect of biosorbents for bioremediation. Sci Total Environ 709:135895. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135895
Liu Y, Nie Y, Lu X, Zhang X, He H, Pan F, Zhou L, Liu X, Ji X, Zhang S (2019) Cascade utilization of lignocellulosic biomass to high-value products. Green Chem 21:3499–3535. https://doi.org/10.1039/c9gc00473d
Thakur LS, Parmar M (2013) Adsorption of heavy metals (Cu2+, Ni2+, Zn2+) from synthetic waste water by tea waste adsorbent. Int J Chem Phys Sci 2(6):6–19
Kamsonlian S, Balomajunder C, Chand S, Suresh S (2011) Biosorption of Cd (II) and As (III) ions from aqueous solution by tea waste biomass. Afr J Environ Sci Technol 5(1):1–7
Gameli BHR, Duwiejuah AB, Bawa A-A (2022) Adsorption of toxic metals from greywater using low-cost spent green tea as a novel adsorbent. Sci Afr 17:e01296. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sciaf.2022.e01296
Katha PS, Ahmed Z, Alam R, Saha B, Acharjee A, Rahman M (2021) Efficiency analysis of eggshell and tea waste as low cost adsorbents for Cr removal from wastewater sample. S Afr J Chem Eng 37:186–195
Langmuir I (1918) The adsorption of gases on plane surfaces of glass, mica and platinum. J Am Chem Soc 40(9):1361–1403
Cui X, Fang S, Yao Y, Li T, Ni Q, Yang X, He Z (2016) Potential mechanisms of cadmium removal from aqueous solution by Canna indica derived biochar. Sci Total Environ 562:517–525
Freundlich H (1906) Adsorption in solutions. Z Phys Chem (Germany) 57:385–470
Ayawei N, Ebelegi AN, Wankasi D (2017) Modelling and interpretation of adsorption isotherms. J Chem 2017:1–11
Duwiejuah AB (2017) Eco-friendly biochars for the adsorption of heavy metals from aqueous phase. MPhil Thesis. University for Development Studies, Ghana, Retrieved from www.udsspace.uds.edu.gh.
Wan S, Ma Z, Xue Y, Ma M, Xu S, Qian L, Zhang Q (2014) Sorption of lead (II), cadmium (II) and copper (II) ions from aqueous solution using tea waste. Ind Eng Chem Res 53:3629–3635
Cay S, Uyanik A, Ozasik A (2004) Single and binary component adsorption on copper (II) and cadmium (II) from aqueous solution using tea industry waste. Sep Purif Technol 38:273–280
Desta MB (2013) Batch sorption experiments: Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm studies for the adsorption of textile metal ions onto teff straw (Eragrostis tef) agricultural waste. J Thermodyn 2013:1–6
Meroufel B, Benali O, Benyahia M, Benmoussa Y, Zenasni MA (2013) Adsorptive removal of anionic dye from aqueous solutions by Algerian kaolin: characteristics, isotherm, kinetic and thermodynamic studies. J Mater Environ Sci 4(3):482–491
Voudrias E, Fytianos E, Bozani E (2002) Sorption description isotherms of dyes from aqueous solutions and waste waters with different sorbent materials, global nest. Int J 4(1):75–83