Speciation of Phosphorus in Phosphorus‐Enriched Agricultural Soils Using X‐Ray Absorption Near‐Edge Structure Spectroscopy and Chemical Fractionation

Journal of Environmental Quality - Tập 32 Số 5 - Trang 1809-1819 - 2003
Suzanne Beauchemin1,2, Dean Hesterberg3, J.-H Chou4, Mario Beauchemin1,2, R. R. Simard5, D. E. Sayers6
1Canada Centre for Remote Sensing 588 Booth Street, 4th floor Ottawa ON Canada K1A 0Y7
2Natural Resources Canada, CANMET 555 Booth Street, Office 332A Ottawa ON Canada K1A 0G1
3Department of Soil Science North Carolina State University Box 7619, 3235 Williams Hall Raleigh NC 27695‐7619
4National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences P.O. Box 12233 Research Triangle Park NC 27709
5Soil Science Department University of Manitoba 362 Ellis Building Winnipeg MB Canada R3T 2N2
6Department of Physics North Carolina State University Box 8202 Raleigh NC 27695‐8202

Tóm tắt

ABSTRACTKnowledge of phosphorus (P) species in P‐rich soils is useful for assessing P mobility and potential transfer to ground water and surface waters. Soil P was studied using synchrotron X‐ray absorption near‐edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy (a nondestructive chemical‐speciation technique) and sequential chemical fractionation. The objective was to determine the chemical speciation of P in long‐term‐fertilized, P‐rich soils differing in pH, clay, and organic matter contents. Samples of three slightly acidic (pH 5.5–6.2) and two slightly alkaline (pH 7.4–7.6) soils were collected from A or B horizons in two distinct agrosystems in the province of Québec, Canada. The soils contained between 800 and 2100 mg total P kg−1 Distinct XANES features for Ca‐phosphate mineral standards and for standards of adsorbed phosphate made it possible to differentiate these forms of P in the soil samples. The XANES results indicated that phosphate adsorbed on Fe‐ or Al‐oxide minerals was present in all soils, with a higher proportion in acidic than in slightly alkaline samples. Calcium phosphate also occurred in all soils, regardless of pH. In agreement with chemical fractionation results, XANES data showed that Ca‐phosphates were the dominant P forms in one acidic (pH 5.5) and in the two slightly alkaline (pH 7.4–7.6) soil samples. X‐ray absorption near‐edge structure spectroscopy directly identified certain forms of soil P, while chemical fractionation provided indirect supporting data and gave insights on additional forms of P such as organic pools that were not accounted for by the XANES analyses.

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Journal of Environmental Quality

Tập 32 Số 5

1809-1819

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