Spatio-Temporal Variation of the M2 Tidal Current from Field Observations in the Jeju Strait
Tóm tắt
The variability in the tidal current in the Jeju Strait was investigated based on sea surface current fields observed by a high-frequency (HF) radar and vertical current profiles observed by three bottom-moored acoustic Doppler current profilers (ADCPs). The monthly M2 tidal current, the most dominant constituent in the study area, had significant temporal variability, and there were spatial changes in the temporal variation trend. While the semi-major axis of the M2 tidal current in winter was stronger than that in summer in some parts of the HF radar observation range, the summertime semi-major axis was stronger than that in wintertime in other parts of the observation range. Both opposite trend areas coexisted within the HF radar coverage area of several tens of kilometers. The vertical structure of the tidal currents in winter was similar to the theoretical structure in which Ekman dynamics was applied under depth-independent vertical eddy viscosity, and the year-to-year change was weak. In contrast, the vertical structure of the tidal currents in summer significantly varies over depth and years. Furthermore, the seasonal variation patterns at the three ADCP stations differed spatially. The temporal and spatial variability of tidal currents could be explained as a result of the strengthening stratification and, consequently, semidiurnal internal tides in summer. In summer, an internal tide with a wavelength of tens of kilometers could be generated in the vicinity of and propagate into the study area. The overlapping and offsetting of the barotropic and internal tidal components within the HF radar observation range caused complex spatial variations.
Tài liệu tham khảo
Bell C, Vassie JM, Woodworth PL (1999) POL/PSMSL tidal analysis software kit 2000 (Task-2000). Permanent service for mean sea level, CCMS Proudman Oceanographic Laboratory, Bidston Observatory, Birkenhead
Cha SC, Moon JH (2020) Current Systems in the Adjacent Seas of Jeju Island using a high-resolution regional ocean circulation model. Ocean Polar Res 42(3):211–223. https://doi.org/10.4217/OPR.2020.42.3.211
Choi BH (1980) A tidal model of the Yellow Sea and Eastern China Sea. KORDI, BSPI 00019(3)-36–2, p 72
Emery BM, Washburn L, Harlan JA (2004) Evaluating radial current measurements from CODAR high-frequency radars with moored current meters. J Atmos Ocean Technol 21(8):1259–1271. https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0426(2004)021%3c1259:ERCMFC%3e2.0.CO;2
Gill AE (1982) Atm osphere-ocean dynamics. Academic Press, New York, p 662
Moon JH, Hirose N, Yoon JH (2009) Comparison of wind and tidal contributions to seasonal circulation of the Yellow Sea. J Geophys Res 114:C08016. https://doi.org/10.1029/2009JC005314
Kalampokis A, Uttieri M, Poulain P-M, Zambianchi E (2016) Validation of HF Radar-Derived Currents in the Gulf of Naples With Lagrangian Data. IEEE Geosci Remote Sens Lett 13(10):1452–1456. https://doi.org/10.1109/LGRS.2016.2591258
Kang SK, Foreman MGG, Lie H-J, Lee J-H, Cherniawsky J, Yum K-D (2002) Two-layer tidal modeling of the Yellow and East China Seas with application to seasonal variability of the tide. J Geophys Res 107(C3). https://doi.org/10.1029/2001JC000838
Kang SK, Lee SR, Lie HJ (1998) Fine grid tidal modelling of the Yellow and East China Seas. Cont Shelf Res 18:739–772. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0278-4343(98)00014-4
Kohut J, Roarty H, Randall-Goodwin E, Glenn S, Lichtenwalner CS (2012) Evaluation of two algorithms for a network of coastal HF radars in the Mid-Atlantic Bight. Ocean Dyn 62:953–968. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10236-012-0533-9
Larsen LH, Cannon GA, Choi BH (1985) East China Sea tide currents. Cont Shelf Res 4:77–103. https://doi.org/10.1016/0278-4343(85)90023-8
Lee SH, Beardsley RC (1999) Influence of stratification on residual tidal currents in the Yellow Sea. J Geophys Res 104(C7):15679–15701. https://doi.org/10.1029/1999JC900108
Lee S, Lie HJ, Cho CH, Kang SK, Teague WJ, Chang KI, Song KM, Oh KH (2011) Vertical structure of the M2 tidal current in the Yellow Sea. Ocean Sci J 46(2):73–84. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12601-011-0007-x
Lee S, Oh KH, Jang ST, You HY, Park J, Song KM (2019) M2 Tidal Current Estimation from One-day Observation Data off the Western and Southern Coasts of Korea. Ocean Sci J 59:39–50. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12601-018-0062-7
Lie HJ, Cho CH, Lee S (2009) Tongue-shaped frontal structure and warm water intrusion in the southern Yellow Sea in winter. J Geophys Res 114:C01003. https://doi.org/10.1029/2007JC004683
Lie HJ, Cho CH, Lee S (2013) Frontal circulation and westward transversal current at the Yellow Sea entrance in winter. J Geophys Res Oceans 118:3851–3870. https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrc.20280
Lie HJ, Cho CH, Lee JH, Lee S, Tang Y (2000) Seasonal variation of the Cheju Warm Current in the northern East China Sea. J Oceanogr 56:197–211. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1011139313988
Lie HJ, Lee S, Cho CH (2002) Computation methods of major tidal currents from satellite-tracked drifter positions, with application to the Yellow and East China Sea. J Geophy Res 107(C1):3003. https://doi.org/10.1029/2001JC000898
Liu K, Sun J, Guo C, Yang Y, Yu W, Wei Z (2019) Seasonal and spatial variations of the M2 internal tide in the Yellow Sea. J Geophys Res Ocean 124:1115–1138. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JC014819
Maas LRM, van Haren JJM (1987) Observations on the vertical structure of tidal and inertial currents in the central North Sea. J Mar Res 45:293–318. https://doi.org/10.1357/002224087788401106
Morey SL, Wienders N, Dukhovskoy DS, Bourassa MA (2018) Measurement characteristics of near-surface currents from ultra-thin drifters, drogued drifters, and HF Radar. Remote Sens 10:1633. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10101633
Oh KH, Lee S, Lie HJ, Jung KT, Qiao F (2015) Study on the current structure of the thermohaline front in the southeastern entrance of the Yellow Sea during winter. Acta Oceanol Sin 34(12):29–36. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13131-015-0763-z
Oh KH, Lee S, Park J, Song KM, Jung D (2020) Estimation of effective range of HFR Data and Analysis of M2 Tidal Current Characteristics in the Jeju Strait. Ocean Polar Res 42(2):115–131. https://doi.org/10.4217/OPR.2020.42.2.115
Ohlmann C, White P, Washburn L, Emery B, Terrill E, Otero M (2007) Interpretation of coastal HF radar-derived surface currents with high-resolution drifter data. J Atmos Ocean Technol 24(4):666–680. https://doi.org/10.1175/JTECH1998.1
Pang IC, Hong CS, Chang KI, Lee JC, Kim JT (2003) Monthly variation of water mass distribution and current in the Cheju Strait. J Korean Soc Oceanogr 38(3):87–100
Roarty H, Cook T, Hazard L, George D, Harlan J, Cosoli S, Wyatt L, Fanjul EA, Terrill E, Otero M, Largier J, Glenn S, Ebuchi N, Whitehouse B, Bartlett K, Mader J, Rubio A, Corgnati L, Mantovani C, Griffa A, Reyes E, Lorente P, Flores-Vidal X, Saavedra-Matta KJ, Rogowski P, Prukpitikul S, Lee S-H, Lai J-W, Guerin C-A, Sanchez J, Hansen B, Grilli S (2019) The global high frequency radar network. Front Mar Sci 6:164. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00164
Shin CW, Kim DG (2019) The Volume Transport of the Cheju Warm Current observed in November 2007. In: PAMS 2019, 20th Pacific Asian Marginal Seas Meeting, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, 19–22 March 2019
Shin CW, Min HS, Lee S, Kang HW, Ku BH, Kim DG, Park JS, Kwon S, Choi BJ (2022) Current Structure and volume transport in the Jeju Strait observed for a year with multiple ADCP moorings. Ocean Sci J 57(3). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12601-022-00079-7 (in press)
Teague WJ, Perkins HT, Hallock ZR, Jacobs GA (1998) Current and tide observations in the southern Yellow Sea. J Geophy Res 103:27783–27793. https://doi.org/10.1029/98JC02672