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Biến đổi không gian và thời gian của các cực trị mưa tại Đồng bằng Bắc An Huy, Trung Quốc từ 1976 đến 2018
Tóm tắt
Đồng bằng Bắc An Huy (NAHPP), một đồng bằng quan trọng trong sản xuất lương thực của Trung Quốc, thường xuyên phải đối mặt với hạn hán và lũ lụt. Để hiểu rõ hơn về các sự kiện cực đoan và giảm thiểu tác động của chúng, bài báo này khám phá sự biến đổi không gian và thời gian của các cực trị lượng mưa tại NAHPP trong giai đoạn 1976 đến 2018. Xu hướng biến đổi và phân bố không gian của lượng mưa tối đa hàng năm trong vòng 1 ngày, 3 ngày, 7 ngày và 15 ngày đã được phân tích, và phân bố xác suất của các cực trị lượng mưa tại NAHPP được tính toán bằng ba hàm phân phối (Gumbel, P-III, và giá trị cực trị tổng quát). Hàm điều chỉnh tối ưu được lựa chọn dựa trên kiểm tra Kolmogorov–Smirnov, và lượng mưa theo các chu kỳ quay vòng khác nhau đã được tính toán theo hàm điều chỉnh tối ưu. Kết quả chỉ ra rằng các cực trị mưa cho thấy chu kỳ 2 đến 3 năm về mặt liên độ và chu kỳ 21 năm về mặt thời gian trong NAHPP. Các cực trị lượng mưa cho thấy xu hướng tăng không đáng kể trên toàn NAHPP và một số trạm không cho thấy xu hướng giảm đáng kể. Hàm phân phối P-III phù hợp nhất với các cực trị lượng mưa (lượng mưa tối đa trong 1 ngày: 59%). Các phân bố không gian của các cực trị lượng mưa tương tự nhau trong các chu kỳ quay vòng khác nhau. Khi chu kỳ quay vòng tăng lên, lượng mưa ước tính bởi ba hàm phân phối lớn hơn một chút so với lượng mưa trong chu kỳ quay vòng thực nghiệm. Các phát hiện này sẽ có lợi cho quản lý tài nguyên nước vùng và kiểm soát rủi ro liên quan đến nước.
Từ khóa
#Biến đổi khí hậu; cực trị mưa; quản lý tài nguyên nước; Đồng bằng Bắc An Huy; phân tích thống kêTài liệu tham khảo
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