South Africa’s transition from apartheid: The role of professional closure in the experiences of black chartered accountants
Tài liệu tham khảo
Anderson-Gough, 2005, Helping them to forget: the organizational embedding of gender relations in public audit firms, Accounting Organizations and Society, 30, 469, 10.1016/j.aos.2004.05.003
Annisette, 2000, Imperialism and the professions: the education and certification of accountants in Trinidad & Tobago, Accounting, Organizations and Society, 25, 631, 10.1016/S0361-3682(99)00061-6
Annisette, 2003, The colour of accountancy: examining the salience of race in a professionalisation project, Accounting, Organizations and Society, 28, 639, 10.1016/S0361-3682(02)00030-2
Anonymous (2002a). White South African Institute of Chartered Accountants executive. Interviewed by Bruce Clayton and Theresa Hammond.
Anonymous (2002b). Black South African CA and government official, Interviewed by Bruce Clayton and Theresa Hammond.
Anonymous (2002c). White South African department chair at historically black university, Interviewed by Bruce Clayton and Theresa Hammond.
Anonymous (2002d).White South African educator specializing in readying black South Africans for the chartered accountancy examinations, Interviewed by Bruce Clayton and Theresa Hammond.
Bond, 2000
Bond, 2003
Bonilla-Silva, 1996, Rethinking racism: towards a structural interpretation, American Sociological Review, 62, 465, 10.2307/2657316
Bonilla-Silva, 1999, The essential social fact of race, American Sociological Review, 64, 899, 10.2307/2657410
Bourdieu, 1973, Cultural reproduction and social reproduction
1996
Callinicos, 1988
1992
Callinicos, 1993
Callinicos, 1977
Catchpowle, 1999, No escaping the financial: The economic referent in South Africa, Critical Perspectives on Accounting, 711, 10.1006/cpac.1998.0257
Cell, 1982
Chua, 1993, Rethinking the profession-state dynamic: The case of the Victorian Charter Attempt, 1885–1906, Accounting, Organizations and Society, 18, 691, 10.1016/0361-3682(93)90049-C
Chua, 1998, The dynamics of “closure” amidst the construction of market, profession, empire and nationhood: An historical analysis of an Australian Accounting Association, 1886–1903, Accounting, Organizations and Society, 23, 155, 10.1016/S0361-3682(97)00009-3
Chua, 2002, The Empire Strikes Back? An exploration of centre-periphery interaction between the ICAEW and accounting associations in the self-governing colonies of Australia, Canada and South Africa, 1880–1907, Accounting, Organizations and Society, 27, 409, 10.1016/S0361-3682(01)00020-4
Collins, 1979
Coombes, 2003
Department of Statistics (1976). Pretoria: South Africa.
Desmond, 1971
Dirsmith, 1985, Informal communications, nonformal communications and mentoring in public accounting firms, Accounting, Organizations and Society, 10, 149, 10.1016/0361-3682(85)90013-3
Gallhofer, 1999, Attracting and retaining Maori students in accounting: Issues, experiences and ways forward, Critical Perspectives on Accounting, 10, 773, 10.1006/cpac.1998.0282
Grey, 1998, On being a professional in a “Big Six” firm, Accounting, Organizations and Society, 23, 569, 10.1016/S0361-3682(97)00003-2
Hammond, 1997, From complete exclusion to minimal inclusion: African–Americans and the public accounting industry, 1965–1988, Accounting, Organizations and Society, 22, 29, 10.1016/0361-3682(95)00047-X
Hammond, 2002
Hammond, 1996, Radicalizing accounting history: The potential of oral history, Accounting, Auditing, and Accountability Journal, 79, 10.1108/09513579610122018
Hammond, 1994, Overcoming barriers: early African–American certified public accountants, Accounting, Organizations and Society, 19, 271, 10.1016/0361-3682(94)90035-3
Harvey, 2005
Jennings, P. (1994). Black women CAs: A force for an inspired future. Accountancy SA, January, 15–19.
Johnson, 1972
Kim, 2004, Racialized gendering of the accountancy profession: Toward an understanding of Chinese women’s experiences in accountancy in New Zealand, Critical Perspectives on Accounting, 15, 400, 10.1016/S1045-2354(02)00208-3
Kirkham, 1993, Gender and the construction of the professional accountant, Accounting, Organizations and Society, 18, 507, 10.1016/0361-3682(93)90002-N
La Guerre, 1993, A review of race and class in the Caribbean, 15
Lehman, 1992, “Herstory” in accounting: The first eighty years, Accounting, Organizations and Society, 17, 271, 10.1016/0361-3682(92)90024-M
Lelyveld, 1985
Letters to the Editor (1994), Accountancy SA, September, p. 36.
Mabokela, 1997, The evolution of admissions and retention policies at an historically White South African University, The Journal of Negro Education, 66, 423, 10.2307/2668169
MacDonald, 2006
Magubane, 1990
Marx, 1998
McKeen, 1998, Education, employment and certification: An oral history of the entry of women into the Canadian accounting profession, Business and Economic History, 27, 500
McNicholas, 2004, Maintaining the empire: Maori women’s experiences in the accountancy profession, Critical Perspectives on Accounting, 15, 57, 10.1016/S1045-2354(03)00007-8
Miranti, 1988, Nativism and professionalism: Competition for public accounting legislation in New York during the 1890s, Social Science Quarterly, 361
Miranti, 1990
Murphy, 1984, The structure of closure: A critique and development of the theories of Weber, Collins and Parkins, The British Journal of Sociology, 35, 547, 10.2307/590434
Murphy, 1988
Nkuhlu, W. (2000). First black chartered accountant in South Africa, Interviewed by Bruce Clayton.
Nolen, S. (2007). Steve Biko’s legacy endures 30 years after his murder. Oakland Tribune September 16, 2007, 10 Col. 1.
Noyce, 1954, The history of the profession in South Africa, The South African Chartered Accountant, 3
O’Malley, 2007
PAAB (2001). The Public Accountants’ and Auditors’ Board, 1952–2001. Johannesburg: PAAB.
Parker, 1983
Parkins, 1979
Paton, 1948-1995
PDC acts to increase black accountants (1991), Accountancy SA (pp. 135–138), May.
Population census (1969). Analytical report (Vol. IV), Central Bureau of Statistics, Ministry of Finance and Planning, Republic of Kenya.
Potter, T. (1978). Non-whites in the profession. The South African Chartered Accountant, January, 7–8.
Poullaos, C. (2007). Profession, race and empire: Keeping the centre pure, 1921–1927. In Paper presented at the fifth accounting history international conference. Canada: Banff.
Power, 1991, Educating accountants, Accounting, Organization and Society, 16, 333, 10.1016/0361-3682(91)90026-B
Probert, 1995, CAL, apartheid and economics education at South African universities, Computers in Higher Education Economics Review, 9
Pruitt, 2002, No black names on the letterhead? Efficient discrimination and the South African legal profession, Michigan Journal of International Law, 23, 545
Ramirez, 2001, Understanding social closure in its cultural context: Accounting practitioners in France (1920–1939), Accounting, Organizations and Society, 26, 391, 10.1016/S0361-3682(00)00023-4
Richardson, 1988, Accounting knowledge and professional practice, Accounting, Organizations and Society, 13, 381, 10.1016/0361-3682(88)90012-8
Royston, 1998, South Africa: The struggle for access to the city in the Witswatersrand region
SAIRR (1983). Survey of race relations in South Africa. Johannesburg: South African Institute of Race Relations.
Schneider, 2004
Sian, 2006, Inclusion, exclusion and control: The case of the Kenyan accounting professionalisation project, Accounting, Organizations and Society, 31, 295, 10.1016/j.aos.2005.01.004
Sian, 2007, Reversing exclusion: The Africanisation of accountancy in Kenya, 1963–1970, Critical Perspectives on Accounting, 18, 831, 10.1016/j.cpa.2006.05.005
Sian, 2007, Patterns of prejudice: Social exclusion and racial demarcation in professional accountancy in Kenya, Accounting Historians Journal, 34, 10.2308/0148-4184.34.2.1
Uche, 2002, Professional accounting development in Nigeria: Threats from the inside and outside, Accounting, Organizations and Society, 27, 471, 10.1016/S0361-3682(01)00007-1
Van Greuning, H. (1987). Black accountants: Facts the profession should know. Accountancy SA (pp. 177–184), June.
Walker, 1998, A ring fence for the profession: Advancing the closure of British accountancy 1957–1970, Accounting, Auditing and Accountability Journal, 11, 34, 10.1108/09513579810207300
Wallace, 1992, Growing pains of an indigenous profession: the Nigerian experience, Accounting, Business and Financial History, 2, 25, 10.1080/09585209200000025
Weber, 1978
