Các tín hiệu hóa học của chim hót phản ánh độ nhạy cảm androgen của tuyến uropygial và dự đoán hành vi hung hăng: những ẩn ý về vai trò của ngoại biên trong tín hiệu hóa học

Zeitschrift für vergleichende Physiologie - Tập 204 - Trang 5-15 - 2017
Danielle J. Whittaker1, Kimberly A. Rosvall2, Samuel P. Slowinski2, Helena A. Soini3, Milos V. Novotny3, Ellen D. Ketterson2
1BEACON Center for the Study of Evolution in Action, Michigan State University, East Lansing, USA
2Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, USA
3Department of Chemistry and Institute for Pheromone Research, Indiana University, Bloomington, USA

Tóm tắt

Các tín hiệu hóa học có thể cung cấp thông tin hữu ích cho bạn tình và đối thủ tiềm năng. Cơ chế sản xuất các tín hiệu này còn ít được hiểu rõ ở các loài chim, mặc dù có bằng chứng mới nổi cho thấy các hợp chất dễ bay hơi từ dầu dưỡng lông có thể đóng vai trò là tín hiệu hóa học. Các hormone steroid, bao gồm testosterone (T), có thể ảnh hưởng đến sự sản xuất các tín hiệu này, nhưng sự biến thiên của T trong máu chỉ giải thích một phần cho sự biến thiên này. Chúng tôi giả thuyết rằng mùi hương là một tín hiệu do T điều hòa phản ánh kiểu hình của một cá thể, được điều chỉnh một phần bởi độ nhạy androgen trong tuyến uropygial. Chúng tôi đã định lượng sự biến thiên tự nhiên trong các tín hiệu hóa học, T, độ nhạy androgen của tuyến uropygial và hành vi hung hăng ở chim juncos mắt đen (Junco hyemalis). Sự tương tác giữa T trong máu và tổng lượng RNA của thụ thể androgen có sự tương quan đáng kể với nồng độ hợp chất dễ bay hơi trong dầu dưỡng lông của chim đực, nhưng không phải chim cái. Ở cả hai giới, các biến thể mùi hương có sự tương quan với phản ứng hung hăng đối với kẻ xâm nhập. Kết quả của chúng tôi gợi ý rằng các hợp chất dễ bay hơi trong dầu dưỡng lông có thể hoạt động như tín hiệu ý định hung hăng và, ít nhất ở chim đực, có thể bị điều chỉnh bởi tín hiệu thụ thể androgen cục bộ trong tuyến uropygial. Vì những đặc điểm hành vi và hóa học này đã được liên kết với thành công sinh sản, sự điều chỉnh cục bộ về độ nhạy androgen trong ngoại biên có khả năng là mục tiêu của quá trình chọn lọc trong sự tiến hóa của tín hiệu khứu giác ở chim.

Từ khóa

#hóa học #tín hiệu #cảm nhận mùi hương #testosterone #hành vi hung hăng #mô hình sinh học

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