Somatostatin Modulates Voltage-Gated K+and Ca2+Currents in Rod and Cone Photoreceptors of the Salamander Retina

Journal of Neuroscience - Tập 20 Số 3 - Trang 929-936 - 2000
Abram Akopian1, Juliette Johnson2, Róbert Gábriel1, Nicholas C. Brecha3,2,4, Paul Witkovsky1,5
1Departments of Ophthalmology and
2Department of Neurobiology, University of California, Los Angeles School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, 90095
3Department of Medicine, Jules Stein Eye Institute and Center for Ulcer Research and Education, Division of Digestive Diseases, University of California, Los Angeles, School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90095, and
4Veterans Administration Medical Center-West Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90073
5Physiology and Neuroscience, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016,

Tóm tắt

We investigated the cellular localization in the salamander retina of one of the somatostatin [or somatotropin release-inhibiting factor (SRIF)] receptors, sst2A, and studied the modulatory action of SRIF on voltage-gated K+and Ca2+currents in rod and cone photoreceptors. SRIF immunostaining was observed in widely spaced amacrine cells, whose perikarya are at the border of the inner nuclear layer and inner plexiform layer. sst2Aimmunostaining was seen in the inner segments and terminals of rod and cone photoreceptors. Additional sst2Aimmunoreactivity was expressed by presumed bipolar and amacrine cells. SRIF, at concentrations of 100–500 nm, enhanced a delayed outwardly rectifying K+current (IK) in both rod and cone photoreceptors. SRIF action was blocked in cells pretreated with pertussis toxin (PTX) and was substantially reduced by intracellular GDPβS. Voltage-gated L-type Ca2+currents in rods and cones were differently modulated by SRIF. SRIF reduced Ca2+current in rods by 33% but increased it in cones by 40%, on average. Both effects were mediated via G-protein activation and blocked by PTX. Ca2+-imaging experiments supported these results by showing that 500 nmSRIF reduced a K+-induced increase in intracellular Ca2+in rod photoreceptor terminals but increased it in those of cones. Our results suggest that SRIF may play a role in the regulation of glutamate transmitter release from photoreceptors via modulation of voltage-gated K+and Ca2+currents.

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Journal of Neuroscience

Tập 20 Số 3

929-936

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