Somatic embryogenesis from the thin cell layer cultures of zygotic and somatic embryos of Aesculus hippocastanum
In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Plant - Trang 1-8 - 2023
Tóm tắt
The thin cell layers (TCLs) of zygotic embryos of Aesculus hippocastanum were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with and without 2,4-D. Somatic embryos developed directly on the TCLs of zygotic embryos at the highest frequency on hormone-free medium. The frequency of direct somatic embryo formation was suppressed by 2,4-D treatment. Microscopic observation revealed that compact and nodular structures formed on epidermal surfaces of TCLs, and these structures further developed into somatic embryos without the intervention of the callus stage, indicating direct somatic embryogenesis. Somatic embryos were not formed on the internal excised portion of zygotic embryos. Similar to zygotic embryo culture, direct somatic embryogenesis occurred from the culture of TCLs excised from cotyledonary somatic embryos on hormone-free MS medium. A similar suppression of direct somatic embryo development was observed in the presence of 2,4-D. Instead, friable embryogenic callus formation from TCL culture of somatic embryos was stimulated by 2,4-D treatment. Well-developed somatic embryos formed from the culture of embryogenic calluses. Dormancy of somatic embryos was observed because somatic embryos were not germinated on hormone-free medium without special treatment. Both cold treatment and GA3 treatment resulted in the germination of somatic embryos.
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