Cử động mắt theo mượt mà và các bài kiểm tra thần kinh tâm lý ở bệnh nhân tâm thần phân liệt: Sự tham gia có thể của các thành phần chú ý

Abel LA, Ziegler AS (1988) Smooth pursuit eye movements in schizophrenics — what constitutes quantitative assessment? Biol Psychiatry 24:747–761 American Psychiatric Association: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders — DSMIIR. Washington, DC 1980 Berman KF, Illowsky BP, Weinberger DR (1988) Physiological dysfunction of dosrsolateral prefrontal cortex in schizophrenia. IV. Further evidence of regional and behavioural specificity. Arch Gen Psychiatry 45:616–622 Bizzi E, Schiller PH (1970) Single unit activity in the frontal eye fields of unanesthetized monkeys during eye and head movement. Exp Brain Res 10:151–158 Bruce CJ, Goldberg ME (1985) Primate frontal eye fields. I: single neurons discharging before saccades. J Neurophysiol 53:603–635 Buchtel HA, Guitton D (1980) Saccadic eye movements in patients with discrete unilateral frontal-lobe removals. Neurosc Abstr 6:316 Butler RW, Jenkins MA, Geyer MA, Braff DL (1991) Wisconsin Card Sorting Test deficits and diminished sensorimotor gating in a discrete subgroup of schizophrenic patients. In: Advances in Neuropsychiatry and Psychopharmacology vol 1 Creutzfeld OD (1988) Cortical mechanism of eye movements in relation to perception and cognitive process. In: Eye Movement Research: pysiological and psychological aspects. Luer G, Lass U, Shallo-Hoffmann (eds), Hogrefe, Göttingen Foster-Green M, Ganzele S, Satz P, Vaclav JF (1990) Teaching the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test to schizophrenic patients. Arch Gen Psychiatry 47:92 Fuster JM (1989) The prefrontal cortex: anathomy, physiology and neuropsychology of the frontal lobe. Raven Press, New York Goldberg TE, Weinberger DR, Berman KF, Pliskin NH, Podd MH (1987) Further evidence for dementia of the prefrontal type in schizophrenia? A controlled study of teaching the WCST. Arch Gen Psychiatry 44:1008–1014 Guitton D, Buchtal HA, Douglas RM (1982) Disturbances of voluntary saccadic eye movement mechanisms following discrete unilateral frontal-lobe removals. In: Lennerstrand G, Zee DS, Keller EL (eds) Functional basis of ocular motility disorders. Oxford, Pergamon Press, pp 624 Heaton RK, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test Manual. Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources, 1981 Hirst W (1986) The psychology of attention. In Le Doux JE, Hirst W (eds) Mind and brain — dialogues in cognitive neuroscience. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp 105–141 Holzman PS, Solomomn CH, Levin S, Waternaux CS (1984) Pursuit eye movement dysfunctions in schizophrenia: family evidence for specificity. Arch Gen Psychiatry 41:136–139 Holzman PS (1985) Eye movement dysfunction. International Review of Neurobiology 27:179–205 Holzman PS (1987) Recent studies of psychophysiology in schizophrenia. Schiz Bull 13:49–75 Hoster HL, Goldberg G (1990) Topography of scalp potentials preceiding self-initited saccades. Neurology 40:644–648 Iacono WG, Pelequin LJ, Lumry AE, Valentine RH, Tuason VB (1982). Eye tracking in patients with unipolar and bipolar affective disorders in remission. J Abnormal Psychol 91:35–44 Levin S (1984a) Frontal lobe dysfunction in schizophrenia-I. Eye movement impairment. J Psychiatr Res 18:27–55 Levin S (1984b) Frontal lobe dysfunction in schizophrenia-II. Impairments of psychological and brain functions. J Psychiatr Res 18:57–72 Lipton RB, Levy DL, Holzman PS, Levin S (1983) Eye movement dysfunction in psychiatric patients: a review. Schizophr Bull 9:13–31 Luria AR (1980) Higher cortical functions in man. Basic Books, New York Milner B, Petrides M (1984) Behavioural effects of frontal-lobe lesions in man. Trends Neurosci 403–407 Milner B (1963) Effects of different brain lesions on Card Sorting. Arch Neurol 9:90–100 Paulman RG, Devous MD, Gregory RR, Herman JH, Jennings L, Bonte FJ, Nasrallah HA, Raese JD (1990) Hypofrontality and cognitive impairment in schizophrenia: Dynamic Single-Photon tomography and neuropsychological assessment of schizophrenic brain function. Biol Psychiatry 27:377–399 Razkowsky D, Kalat JW, Nebes R (1974) Reliability and validity of some handedness questionaire items. Neuropsychologia 12: 43–48 Robinson DA (1968) The oculomotor control system: a review. Proceedings of the IEEE vol 56:1032–1049 Robinson AL, Heaton RK, Lehman RAW, Stilson DW (1980) The utility of Wisconsin Card Sorting Test in detecting and localizing frontal lobe lesions. J Consult Clin Psychol 48:605–614 Siever LJ (1991) The biological boundaries of schizophrenia. In: Advances in Neuropsychiatry and Psychopharmacology, vol 1: Scizophrenia Research. Tamminga CA and Schulz eds, Raven Press, Ltd, New York Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) (1986) McGraw-Hill Book Company, Chicago, Illinois Thaker GK, Buchnan R, Kirkpatrick B, Tamminga CA (1990) Oculomotor performance in schizoprenic illness. In: Schizophrenia: scientific progress. Schulz CS and Tamminga CA eds. pp 115–123 Van Gelder P, Anderson S, Herman E, Lebedev S, Tsu WH (1990) Saccades in pursuit eye tracking reflect motor attention processes. Compre Psychiatry 31:253–260 Weinberger DR, Wyatt RJ (1982) Cerebral ventricular size: a biological marker for subtyping chronic schizophrenia. In Husdin Ee Hanin I (eds) Biological Markers in Psychiatry and Neurology. Pergamon Press, New York Weinberger DR, Berman KF, Illowsky BP (1985) Physiological dysfunction of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in schizophrenia. III. A new cohort and evidence for monoaminergic mechanism. Arch Gen Psychiatry 45:609–615 Williamson PC, Kutcher SP, Cooper PW, Snow WG, Szalai JP, Kaye H, Morrison SL, Willinsky RA, Mamelak M (1989) Psychological, Topographic EEG, and CT scan correlates of frontal lobe function in schizophrenia. Psychiatr Res 29:137–149