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Hội chứng Sjögren và bệnh tuyến giáp tự miễn: Hai mặt của một đồng xu
Tóm tắt
Sự đồng tồn tại của hội chứng Sjögren (SS) và bệnh tuyến giáp tự miễn (AITD) đã được ghi nhận. Tuy nhiên, vẫn chưa có sự đồng thuận về việc liệu sự đồng tồn tại này có nên được coi là cùng một trạng thái bệnh lý hay như là đa tự miễn. Do đó, trong nghiên cứu hồi cứu đơn trung tâm này, các bệnh nhân chỉ mắc SS (tức là, nguyên phát) đã được so sánh với các bệnh nhân mắc cả SS và AITD. Thêm vào đó, một cuộc thảo luận về các nghiên cứu trước đó, bao gồm những nghiên cứu về các yếu tố di truyền và môi trường ảnh hưởng đến sự phát triển của cả hai tình trạng này cũng được trình bày. Trong loạt nghiên cứu của chúng tôi, tất cả các bệnh nhân mắc AITD đều có viêm tuyến giáp Hashimoto (HT). Không có sự khác biệt đáng kể về tuổi tác, giới tính, tuổi khởi phát bệnh và thời gian mắc bệnh giữa hai nhóm. Sưng hạch bạch huyết và nổi mày đay được ghi nhận thường xuyên hơn ở các bệnh nhân SS-HT so với các bệnh nhân chỉ có SS (p < 0.05). Kháng thể Anti-Ro/SSA xuất hiện nhiều hơn ở nhóm SS nguyên phát (p = 0.01). Bệnh nhân SS-HT có xu hướng báo cáo lịch sử hút thuốc dương tính hơn (p = 0.03). Biểu hiện lâm sàng của SS thay đổi nhẹ khi HT đồng hành. Mặc dù cả hai thể trạng chia sẻ các cơ chế sinh lý bệnh chung như một phần của tự miễn tautology, nhưng chúng là khác nhau về mặt bệnh lý và sự đồng tồn tại của chúng nên được hiểu là đa tự miễn. Các nghiên cứu tiếp theo dựa trên đa tự miễn sẽ cho phép thiết lập một phân loại mới cho các bệnh tự miễn.
Từ khóa
#Hội chứng Sjögren #bệnh tuyến giáp tự miễn #viêm tuyến giáp Hashimoto #đa tự miễn #kháng thể Anti-Ro/SSATài liệu tham khảo
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