Site-directed mutagenesis of porcine pepsin: Possible role of Asp32, Thr33, Asp215 and Gly217 in maintaining the nuclease activity of pepsin

Dunn, 2002, Structure and mechanism of the pepsin-like family of aspartic peptidases, Chem. Rev., 102, 4431, 10.1021/cr010167q Gildberg, 1988, Aspartic proteinases in fishes and aquatic invertebrates, Com. Biochem. Phys. B, 91, 425, 10.1016/0305-0491(88)90002-8 Kageyama, 2002, Pepsinogens, progastricsins, and prochymosins: structure function, evolution, and development, Cell Mol. Life Sci., 59, 288, 10.1007/s00018-002-8423-9 Dunn, 2001, Overview of pepsin-like aspartic peptidases Hartmeier, 1979, Immobilized pepsin: properties and use to prevent haze formation in beer and wine, Biotechnol. Lett., 1, 225, 10.1007/BF01386904 Liu, 2015, Digestion of nucleic acids starts in the stomach, Sci. Rep. U. K., 5 Tran, 2011, Site-directed mutagenesis of an alkaline phytase: influencing specificity, activity and stability in acidic milieu, Enzyme Microb. Tech., 49, 177, 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2011.05.012 Jung, 2015, Functional evaluation of residues in the herbicide-binding site of mycobacterium tuberculosis acetohydroxyacid synthase by site-directed mutagenesis, Enzyme Microb. Tech., 78, 18, 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2015.06.009 Fujinaga, 1995, Crystal structure of human pepsin and its complex with pepstatin, Protein Sci., 4, 960, 10.1002/pro.5560040516 Bryksin, 2010, Overlap extension PCR cloning: a simple and reliable way to create recombinant plasmids, Biotechniques, 48, 463, 10.2144/000113418 Bougatef, 2008, Pepsinogen and pepsin from the stomach of smooth hound (Mustelus mustelus): purification, characterization and amino acid terminal sequences, Food Chem., 107, 777, 10.1016/j.foodchem.2007.08.077 Bradford, 1976, A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding, Anal. Biochem., 72, 248, 10.1016/0003-2697(76)90527-3 Anson, 1938, The estimation of pepsin trypsin, papain, and cathepsin with hemoglobin, J. Gen. Physiol., 22, 79, 10.1085/jgp.22.1.79 Laemmli, 1970, Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4, Nature, 227, 680, 10.1038/227680a0 Wilson, 1987, Preparation of genomic DNA from bacteria Sambrook, 2006, Agarose gel electrophoresis, Cold Spring Harbor Protoc., 7 Maxam, 1980, Sequencing end-labeled DNA with base-specific chemical cleavages, Methods Enzymol., 65, 499, 10.1016/S0076-6879(80)65059-9 Fedoroff, 1993, Structure of a DNA: RNA hybrid duplex: why RNase H does not cleave pure RNA, J. Mol. Biol., 233, 509, 10.1006/jmbi.1993.1528 Jones, 1996, Site-directed mutagenesis of the catalytic residues of bovine pancreatic deoxyribonuclease I, J. Mol. Biol., 264, 1154, 10.1006/jmbi.1996.0703 Nakamura, 1991, How does RNase H recognize a DNA-RNA hybrid?, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., 88, 11535, 10.1073/pnas.88.24.11535 Whisstock, 2002, The structure and function of catalytic domains within inositol polyphosphate 5-phosphatases, IUBMB Life, 53, 15, 10.1080/15216540210814 Chereau, 2005, Actin-bound structures of Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (WASP)-homology domain 2 and the implications for filament assembly, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., 102, 16644, 10.1073/pnas.0507021102 Mosimann, 1994, Refined 1.7Å X-ray crystallographic structure of P-30 protein, an amphibian ribonuclease with anti-tumor activity, J. Mol. Biol., 236, 1141, 10.1016/0022-2836(94)90017-5 Nielsen, 1995, Purification and characterization of porcine pepsinogen B and pepsin B, Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 322, 417, 10.1006/abbi.1995.1483 Lin, 1989, Synthesis, purification, and active site mutagenesis of recombinant porcine pepsinogen, J. Biol. Chem., 264, 4482, 10.1016/S0021-9258(18)83769-3 Yoshimasu, 2002, Soluble expression and purification of porcine pepsinogen from Pichia pastoris, Protein Expr. Purif., 25, 229, 10.1016/S1046-5928(02)00003-1 Dlakić, 2000, Functionally unrelated signalling proteins contain a fold similar to Mg2+-dependent endonucleases, Trends Biochem. Sci., 25, 272, 10.1016/S0968-0004(00)01582-6 Macounova, 2000, Generation of natural pH gradients in microfluidic channels for use in isoelectric focusing, Anal. Chem., 72, 3745, 10.1021/ac000237d Hartsuck, 1992, The high-resolution crystal structure of porcine pepsinogen, Proteins, 13, 1, 10.1002/prot.340130102 Chen, 1992, Structure of pepsin/renin inhibitor complex reveals a novel crystal packing induced by minor chemical alterations in the inhibitor, Acta Crystallogr., B48, 476, 10.1107/S0108768192001939 Okoniewska, 1999, The role of flap residue threonine 77, in the activation and catalytic activity of pepsin A, Protein Eng., 12, 55, 10.1093/protein/12.1.55 Zhang, 2014, Improved thermostability of esterase from aspergillus fumigatus by site-directed mutagenesis, Enzyme Microb. Tech., 64–65, 11, 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2014.06.003 Yi, 2014, Characterization and site-directed mutagenesis of a novel class ii 5-enopyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate (epsp) synthase from the deep-sea bacterium Alcanivorax sp. l27, Enzyme Microb. Tech., 63, 64, 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2014.02.010 Xu, 2014, Characterization and site-directed mutagenesis of an α-galactosidase from the deep-sea bacterium bacillus megaterium, Enzyme Microb. Tech., 56, 46, 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2014.01.004