Simulated and experimental investigation of the airfoil contour forming of 301 austenitic stainless steel considering the springback
Tóm tắt
Metal forming has played a significant role in manufacturing development, thus investigations in the field of metal forming to improve the quality of the forming process are necessary. In the present study, the experimental and numerical analysis of airfoil contour forming of 301 austenitic stainless steel is examined in order to reduce the spring reversible ability under preheat temperature. Considering the stress-strain properties of the preheat temperature; the body forming is simulated in ABAQUS software according to the theory of increasing the blank holder force during forming. The obtained results of the spring-back for simulating the austenitic stainless steel airfoil are compared and investigated with the manufactured experimental sample results using deep tensile forming. By comparing the results it can be seen that the control of blank holder force during forming cause to minimize the spring-back effects.
Tài liệu tham khảo
AK Steel Corporation, “ 301 stainless steel, product data bulletin”, UNS S30100, PD-134 7180–0087, 2007.
Andersson, A (2007). Numerical and experimental evaluation of Springback in advanced high strength steel, (pp. 301–307).
Bart, JCJ, Gucciardi, E, Cavallaro, S. (2013). 12–Biolubricant product groups and technological applications. Biolubricants, 565–711.
Borgioli, F, Galvanetto, E, Bacci, T. (2016). Low temperature nitriding of AISI 300 and 200 series austenitic stainless steels. Vacuum, 127, 51–60.
Couturier, L, De Geuser, F, Descoins, M, Deschamps, A. (2016). Evolution of the microstructure of a 15-5PH martensitic stainless steel during precipitation hardening heat treatment. Materials & Design, 107, 416–425.
Davis, JR “Stainless steels”, ASM International, Day 11, 1372 AP–Technology & Engineering, Third Printing, 1999.
Federal Aviation Administration. “Helicopter Flying Handbook”, Chapter 02: Aerodynamics of Flight, May 2014.
Garrison W.M, Jr., M.O.H. Amuda, Stainless Steels: Martensitic, Reference Module in Materials Science and Materials Engineering, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-803581-8.02527-3.
Haghshenas, M. (2016). Metal–matrix composites. Reference Module in Materials Science and Materials Engineering https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-803581-8.03950-3.
Henry, J, & Maloy, SA. (2017). 9-Irradiation-resistant ferritic and martensitic steels as core materials for generation IV nuclear reactors. Structural Materials for Generation IV Nuclear Reactors, 329–355.
Kuwabara, T, Saito, R, Hirano, T, Oohashi, N. (2009). Difference in tensile and compressive flow stresses in austenitic stainless steel alloys and its effect on springback behavior. International Journal of Material Forming, 2(1), 499–502.
Liu, G, Lin, Z, Bao, Y, Cao, J. (2002). Eliminating springback error in U-shaped part forming by variable blankholder force. JMEPEG, 11, 64–70.
Löytty, HA, Hannula, M, Honkanen, M, Östman, K, Lahtonen, K, Valden, M. (2016). Grain orientation dependent Nb–Ti microalloying mediated surface segregation on ferritic stainless steel. Corrosion Science, 112, 204–213.
Luo, AA. (2013). Magnesium casting technology for structural applications. Journal of Magnesium and Alloys, 1(1), 2–22.
Mukherjee, M, & Pal, TK. (2012). Influence of heat input on martensite formation and impact property of ferritic-austenitic dissimilar weld metals. Journal of Materials Science & Technology, 28(4), 343–352.
Padmanabhan, R, Sung, J, Lim, H, Oliveira, MC, Menezes, LF, Wagoner, RH. (2002). Eliminating springback error in U-shaped part forming by variable blankholder force. JMEPEG, 11, 64–70.
Samal, MK, Seidenfuss, M, Roos, E, Balani, K. (2011). Investigation of failure behavior of ferritic–austenitic type of dissimilar steel welded joints. Engineering Failure Analysis, 18(3), 999–1008.
Schilp, H, Suh, J, Hoffmann, H (2012). Reduction of springback using simultaneous stretch-bending processes, (pp. 175–180).
Schwarm, SC, Kolli, RP, Aydogan, E, Mburu, S, Ankem, S. (2017). Characterization of phase properties and deformation in ferritic-austenitic duplex stainless steels by nanoindentation and finite element method. Materials Science and Engineering: A, 680, 359–367.
Silvestre, E, Mendiguren, J, Galdos, L, de Argandoña, ES. (2015). Comparison of the hardening behaviour of different steel families: from mild and stainless steel to advanced high strength steels. International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, 101, 10–20.
Ch.P. Sing, G. (2015). Agnihotri, Study of deep drawing process parameters: a review, International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, 5(2), 1–15. ISSN 2250–3153.
Smith W. F. (1987). “Structure and properties of engineering materials”, McGraw-Hill, NewYork.
Tasker, J, & Amuda, MOH. (2017). Austenitic steels: non-stainless. Reference Module in Materials Science and Materials Engineering https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-803581-8.09206-7.
Uemori, T, Okada, T, Yoshida, F. (1998). Simulation of springback in V-bending process by elasto-plastic finite element method with consideration of Bauschinger effect. Metals and Materials, 4(3), 311–314.
Wiessner, M, Gamsjäger, E, Zwaag, SV, Angerer, P. (2017). Effect of reverted austenite on tensile and impact strength in a martensitic stainless steel—an in-situ X-ray diffraction study. Materials Science and Engineering: A, 682, 117–125.
Zhang, XK, Zheng, GJ, Hu, JN, Li, CG, Hu, P. (2010). Compensation factor method for modeling springback of auto parts constructed with high-strength steel. International Journal of Automotive Technology, 11(5), 721–727.
Zhao, O, Gardner, L, Young, B. (2016). Buckling of ferritic stainless steel members under combined axial compression and bending. Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 117, 35–48.