Seroepidemiological study of Q fever in domestic ruminants in semi-extensive grazing systems

Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 6 Số 1 - 2010
Francisco Ruiz‐Fons1, Ianire Astobiza1, Jesús F. Barandika1, Ana Hurtado1, Raquel Atxaerandio2, Ramón A. Juste1, Ana L. García‐Pérez2
1NEIKER- Instituto Vasco de Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario, Department of Animal Health, Berreaga 1, 48160, Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
2NEIKER-Instituto Vasco de Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario, Department of Animal Health, Berreaga 1, 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain

Tóm tắt

AbstractBackground

Q fever, a worldwide zoonotic disease caused byCoxiella burnetii, is endemic in northern Spain where it has been reported as responsible for large series of human pneumonia cases and domestic ruminants' reproductive disorders. To investigate pathogen exposure among domestic ruminants in semi-extensive grazing systems in northern Spain, a serosurvey was carried out in 1,379 sheep (42 flocks), 626 beef cattle (46 herds) and 115 goats (11 herds). Serum antibodies were analysed by ELISA and positive samples were retested by Complement Fixation test (CFT) to detect recent infections.

Results

ELISA anti-C. burnetiiantibody prevalence was slightly higher in sheep (11.8 ± 2.0%) than in goats (8.7 ± 5.9%) and beef cattle (6.7 ± 2.0%). Herd prevalence was 74% for ovine, 45% for goat and 43% for bovine. Twenty-one percent of sheep flocks, 27% of goat and 14% of cattle herds had aC. burnetiiseroprevalence ≥ 20%. Only 15 out of 214 ELISA-positive animals reacted positive by CFT. Age-associated seroprevalence differed between ruminant species with a general increasing pattern with age. No evidence of correlation between abortion history and seroprevalence rates was observed despite the known abortifacient nature ofC. burnetiiin domestic ruminants.

Conclusions

Results reported herein showed that sheep had the highest contact rate withC. burnetiiin the region but also that cattle and goats should not be neglected as part of the domestic cycle ofC. burnetii. This work reports basic epidemiologic patterns ofC. burnetiiin semi-extensive grazed domestic ruminants which, together with the relevant role ofC. burnetiias a zoonotic and abortifacient agent, makes these results to concern both Public and Animal Health Authorities.

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