Self-reported pain relief interventions of patients before emergency department arrival

Allen, 2000, Use of complementary and alternative medicine among Dominican emergency department patients, The American Journal of Emergency Medicine, 18, 51, 10.1016/S0735-6757(00)90048-2 Bijur, 2003, Validation of verbally administered numerical rating scale of acute pain for use in the emergency department, Academic Emergency Medicine: Official Journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine, 10, 390, 10.1111/j.1553-2712.2003.tb01355.x Dillard, 2005, Complementary and alternative pain therapy in the emergency department, Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America, 23, 529, 10.1016/j.emc.2004.12.015 Fosnocht, 2003, Pain medication use before ED arrival, The American Journal of Emergency Medicine, 21, 435, 10.1016/S0735-6757(03)00092-5 Gulla, 2000, Use of alternative therapies among emergency department patients, Annals of Emergency Medicine, 35, 276, 10.1016/S0196-0644(00)70072-2 Hwang, 2008, Emergency department crowding and decreased quality of pain care, Academic Emergency Medicine: Official Journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine, 15, 1248, 10.1111/j.1553-2712.2008.00267.x Ibarra, 2014, Adapting the SERVQUAL scale to private hospital emergency services: an empirical investigation, Chinese Business Review, 13, 273 Jose, 2007, Study of association between use of complementary and alternative medicine and non-compliance with modern medicine in patients presenting to the emergency department, Journal of Postgraduate Medicine, 53, 96, 10.4103/0022-3859.32208 Li, 2004, Patterns of complementary and alternative medicine use in ED patients and its association with health care utilization, The American Journal of Emergency Medicine, 22, 187, 10.1016/j.ajem.2004.02.006 Moceri, 2014, Nurses' knowledge and attitudes toward pain in the emergency department, Journal of Emergency Nursing, 40, 6, 10.1016/j.jen.2012.04.014 Nocera, 2002, Pain management in the emergency department: a review of the nursing literature, Australian Emergency Nursing Journal, 5, 27, 10.1016/S1328-2743(02)80030-X Puntillo, 2003, Accuracy of emergency nurses in assessment of patients' pain, Pain Management Nursing, 4, 171, 10.1016/S1524-9042(03)00033-X Rolniak, 2004, Complementary and alternative medicine use among urban ED patients: prevalence and patterns, Journal of Emergency Nursing, 30, 318, 10.1016/j.jen.2004.04.008 Savcı, 2008, Geleneksel uygulamaların karın ağrısı üzerine etkisi (Abstract in English), Kocatepe Tıp Dergisi, 9, 5 Tanabe, 2000, Emergency nurses' knowledge of pain management principles, Journal of Emergency Nursing, 24, 299, 10.1067/men.2000.108402 Tcherny-Lessenot, 2003, Management and relief of pain in an emergency department from the adult patients' perspective, Journal of Pain and Symptom Management, 25, 539, 10.1016/S0885-3924(03)00147-7 Todd, 2007, Pain in the emergency department: results of the pain and emergency medicine initiative (PEMI) multicenter study, The Journal of Pain, 8, 460, 10.1016/j.jpain.2006.12.005 Ucuzal, 2015, Emergency nurses' knowledge, attitude and clinical decision making skills about pain, International Emergency Nursing, 23, 75, 10.1016/j.ienj.2014.11.006 Waterbrook, 2010, The knowledge and usage of complementary and alternative medicine by emergency department patients and physicians, The Journal of Emergency Medicine, 39, 569, 10.1016/j.jemermed.2008.01.007 Zun, 2002, Patients' self-treatment with alternative treatment before presenting to the ED, The American Journal of Emergency Medicine, 20, 473, 10.1053/ajem.2002.34963