Sediments of Lake Vens (SW European Alps, France) record large-magnitude earthquake events

Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 51 - Trang 343-355 - 2013
Jade Petersen1,2, Bruno Wilhelm1, Marie Revel1, Yann Rolland1, Christian Crouzet3, Fabien Arnaud4, Elodie Brisset2,5, Eric Chaumillon6, Olivier Magand7
1CNRS, IRD, Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur, Géoazur UMR 7329, Nice Sophia Antipolis University, Valbonne, France
2CNRS, IRD, Collège de France, UM 34 CEREGE, Aix-Marseille University, Aix-en-Provence cedex 04, France
3CNRS, ISTerre Université de Savoie, Le Bourget du Lac, France
4Laboratoire Environnement Dynamique et Territoire de Montagne, CNRS, Université de Savoie, Le Bourget du Lac, France
5UMR 7263, IMBE, Aix-en-Provence cedex 04, France
6UMR CNRS 7266 LIENSs, Université de La Rochelle, La Rochelle, France
7LGGE, Laboratoire de Glaciologie et Géophysique de l’Environnement, CNRS, UJF–Grenoble 1, Grenoble, France

Tóm tắt

We studied sediment cores from Lake Vens (2,327 m asl), in the Tinée Valley of the SW Alps, to test the paleoseismic archive potential of the lake sediments in this particularly earthquake-sensitive area. The historical earthquake catalogue shows that moderate to strong earthquakes, with intensities of IX–X, have impacted the Southern Alps during the last millennium. Sedimentological (X-ray images, grain size distribution) and geochemical (major elements and organic matter) analyses show that Lake Vens sediments consist of a terrigenous, silty material (minerals and organic matter) sourced from the watershed and diatom frustules. A combination of X-ray images, grain-size distribution, major elements and magnetic properties shows the presence of six homogenite-type deposits interbedded in the sedimentary background. These sedimentological features are ascribed to sediment reworking and grain sorting caused by earthquake-generated seiches. The presence of microfaults that cross-cut the sediment supports the hypothesis of seismic deposits in this system. A preliminary sediment chronology is provided by 210Pb measurement and AMS 14C ages. According to the chronology, the most recent homogenite events are attributable to damaging historic earthquakes in AD 1887 (Ligure) and 1564 (Roquebillière). Hence, the Lake Vens sediment recorded large-magnitude earthquakes in the region and permits a preliminary estimate of recurrence time for such events of ~400 years.

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