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Sự khác biệt theo mùa và khu vực trong những thay đổi lâu dài về sinh khối và sự phong phú của mesozooplankton lớn (>505 μm) trong một vịnh nhiệt đới cận kín
Tóm tắt
Sự không đồng nhất theo không gian và thời gian rõ rệt là một đặc điểm nổi bật của các hệ sinh thái ở các vịnh cận nhiệt đới. Để hỗ trợ quản lý có mục tiêu và phục hồi sinh thái trong những vịnh cận nhiệt đới dài và hẹp, chúng tôi đã phân tích sự khác biệt theo mùa và khu vực trong những thay đổi lâu dài (1980–2019) về sinh khối và sự phong phú của mesozooplankton lớn (LMZ; >505 µm) tại Vịnh Xiangshan, Chiết Giang, Trung Quốc. Chúng tôi phát hiện sự không đồng nhất theo không gian và thời gian trong những thay đổi lịch sử của LMZ. Xu hướng tiêu cực đáng kể về sinh khối LMZ được phát hiện trong vùng vịnh bên trong và giữa vào mùa ấm (mùa hè và mùa thu), khi nồng độ dinh dưỡng (đặc biệt là nitrogen vô cơ hòa tan) và nhiệt độ tăng lên đồng thời. Những thay đổi dinh dưỡng ở Vịnh Xiangshan bắt đầu vào cuối những năm 1980 hoặc đầu những năm 1990, phù hợp với sự phát triển quy mô lớn của lồng cá. Một sự suy giảm nhanh chóng về sinh khối LMZ đã xảy ra sau năm 2005 khi các nhà máy điện bắt đầu hoạt động, làm gia tăng xu hướng ấm lên. Do đó, áp lực chung của sự phú dưỡng và ấm lên có thể đã thúc đẩy sự suy giảm sinh khối LMZ. Ngược lại, một sự gia tăng đáng kể về sinh khối LMZ được phát hiện ở vùng vịnh ngoài vào mùa xuân. Xu hướng này phù hợp với xu hướng sinh khối LMZ gần cửa sông Trường Giang (Dương Tử), cho thấy rằng hệ sinh thái pelagic ở vùng vịnh ngoài bị ảnh hưởng bởi nước từ cửa sông Trường Giang trong mùa xuân. Dựa trên kết quả của chúng tôi, quản lý và phục hồi hệ sinh thái trong các vịnh cận nhiệt đới nên tập trung vào các vùng nước nội bộ, nơi có khả năng trao đổi nước kém. Đối với Vịnh Xiangshan, các thay đổi trong hệ sinh thái cửa sông Trường Giang trong mùa lạnh (mùa đông và mùa xuân) cũng nên được xem xét.
Từ khóa
#Hệ sinh thái #mesozooplankton lớn #vịnh cận nhiệt đới #sinh khối #sự phong phú #dinh dưỡng #sự phú dưỡng #ấm lênTài liệu tham khảo
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