Nội dung được dịch bởi AI, chỉ mang tính chất tham khảo
Những Tiếng Thét Trong Đêm: Nghiên Cứu Thử Nghiệm Tiết Lộ Bằng Chứng Vừa Phải Về Sự Khác Biệt Cá Nhân Trong Giọng Nói Của Lorisoid
Tóm tắt
Sự phức tạp xã hội được cho là yếu tố thúc đẩy trong quá trình tiến hóa của sự phức tạp giao tiếp. Các hệ thống xã hội phức tạp yêu cầu cá nhân phải xây dựng mối quan hệ với nhiều cá thể đồng loại và tương tác trong nhiều ngữ cảnh khác nhau theo thời gian, do đó yêu cầu các hệ thống giao tiếp âm thanh phải đủ phức tạp để hỗ trợ cho những mối quan hệ này. Để hiểu rõ hơn về sự phát triển của sự phức tạp xã hội và giao tiếp như vậy, chúng tôi đã nghiên cứu một loài kiếm ăn đơn độc vào ban đêm, Bushbaby Garnett (Otolemur garnettii), như một mô hình lorisoid cho các hệ thống xã hội của động vật có vú tổ tiên từ đó các hệ thống phức tạp hơn đã phát triển. Chúng tôi giả định rằng việc có sự khác biệt cá nhân trong những tiếng gọi xa sẽ có lợi cho những loài kiếm ăn đơn độc, vì điều này có thể rất quan trọng trong việc duy trì mạng lưới xã hội phân tán của chúng. Chúng tôi đã kiểm tra sự khác biệt cá nhân trong tiếng sủa gọi xa. Chúng tôi đã đo 6 tham số tần số và thời gian cho 120 tiếng sủa (15 tiếng sủa từ mỗi 8 cá thể nuôi tại Đại học Mississippi). Phân tích thành phần chính và phân tích chức năng phân biệt đã phân loại các tiếng gọi theo từng cá thể với tỷ lệ chính xác vừa phải và cao hơn ngẫu nhiên (kiểm tra nhị thức: 54,2% chính xác, P < 0,001, xác suất ngẫu nhiên = 12,5%). Công trình thử nghiệm này cung cấp bằng chứng vừa phải về sự khác biệt cá nhân và là nghiên cứu đầu tiên về lorisoids như vậy. Bởi vì đã có tài liệu ghi chép sự khác biệt cá nhân trong các tiếng gọi của các loài lemur kiếm ăn đơn độc, chúng tôi đề xuất rằng sự khác biệt cá nhân vừa phải có thể đã tồn tại ở các loài linh trưởng tổ tiên và góp phần vào hệ thống xã hội phân tán được cho là có nền tảng từ đó sự phức tạp xã hội gia tăng ở linh trưởng được phát triển.
Từ khóa
#phức tạp xã hội #giao tiếp âm thanh #lorisoid #sự khác biệt cá nhân #tiếng gọi xa #nghiên cứu thử nghiệmTài liệu tham khảo
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