SOHO State of the Art Updates and Next Questions: Hodgkin Lymphoma

Devita, 1970, Combination chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced Hodgkin's disease, Ann Intern Med, 73, 881, 10.7326/0003-4819-73-6-881 Morschhauser, 2008, Risk-adapted salvage treatment with single or tandem autologous stem-cell transplantation for first relapse/refractory Hodgkin's lymphoma: results of the prospective multicenter H96 trial by the GELA/SFGM study group, J Clin Oncol, 26, 5980, 10.1200/JCO.2007.15.5887 Schmitz, 2002, Aggressive conventional chemotherapy compared with high-dose chemotherapy with autologous haemopoietic stem-cell transplantation for relapsed chemosensitive Hodgkin's disease: a randomised trial, Lancet, 359, 2065, 10.1016/S0140-6736(02)08938-9 Press, 2016, US intergroup trial of response-adapted therapy for stage III to IV Hodgkin lymphoma using early interim fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography imaging: Southwest Oncology Group S0816, J Clin Oncol, 34, 2020, 10.1200/JCO.2015.63.1119 Johnson, 2016, Adapted treatment guided by interim PET-CT scan in advanced Hodgkin's lymphoma, N Engl J Med, 374, 2419, 10.1056/NEJMoa1510093 Radford, 2015, RAPID trial: results of a trial of PET-directed therapy for early-stage Hodgkin’s lymphoma, N Engl J Med, 372, 1598, 10.1056/NEJMoa1408648 Armitage, 2010, Early-stage Hodgkin's lymphoma, N Engl J Med, 363, 653, 10.1056/NEJMra1003733 Barrington, 2014, Role of imaging in the staging and response assessment of lymphoma: consensus of the International Conference on Malignant Lymphomas Imaging Working Group, J Clin Oncol, 32, 3048, 10.1200/JCO.2013.53.5229 El-Galaly, 2012, Routine bone marrow biopsy has little or no therapeutic consequence for positron emission tomography/computed tomography-staged treatment-naive patients with Hodgkin lymphoma, J Clin Oncol, 30, 4508, 10.1200/JCO.2012.42.4036 Barrington, 2016, PET-CT for staging and early response: results from the response-adapted therapy in advanced Hodgkin lymphoma study, Blood, 127, 1531, 10.1182/blood-2015-11-679407 Boleti, 2007, ABVD for Hodgkin's lymphoma: full-dose chemotherapy without dose reductions or growth factors, Ann Oncol, 18, 376, 10.1093/annonc/mdl397 Evens, 2007, G-CSF is not necessary to maintain over 99% dose-intensity with ABVD in the treatment of Hodgkin lymphoma: low toxicity and excellent outcomes in a 10-year analysis, Br J Haematol, 137, 545, 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2007.06598.x Connors, 2017, Five-year follow-up of brentuximab vedotin combined with ABVD or AVD for advanced-stage classical Hodgkin lymphoma, Blood, 130, 1375, 10.1182/blood-2017-05-784678 Evens, 2012, A retrospective multicenter analysis of elderly Hodgkin lymphoma: outcomes and prognostic factors in the modern era, Blood, 119, 692, 10.1182/blood-2011-09-378414 André, 2017, Early positron emission tomography response-adapted treatment in stage I and II Hodgkin lymphoma: final results of the randomized EORTC/LYSA/FIL H10 trial, J Clin Oncol, 35, 1786, 10.1200/JCO.2016.68.6394 Nguyen, 2017, Early stage, bulky Hodgkin lymphoma patients have a favorable outcome when treated with or without consolidative radiotherapy: potential role of PET scan in treatment planning, Br J Haematol, 179, 674, 10.1111/bjh.14236 Savage, 2015, Advanced stage classical Hodgkin lymphoma patients with a negative PET-scan following treatment with ABVD have excellent outcomes without the need for consolidative radiotherapy regardless of disease bulk at presentation, Blood, 126, 579, 10.1182/blood.V126.23.579.579 Gallamini, 2007, Early interim 2-[18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose positron emission tomography is prognostically superior to international prognostic score in advanced-stage Hodgkin's lymphoma: a report from a joint Italian-Danish study, J Clin Oncol, 25, 3746, 10.1200/JCO.2007.11.6525 Gallamini, 2011, Early chemotherapy intensification with BEACOPP in advanced-stage Hodgkin lymphoma patients with a interim-PET positive after two ABVD courses, Br J Haematol, 152, 551, 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2010.08485.x Falini, 1995, CD30 (Ki-1) molecule: a new cytokine receptor of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily as a tool for diagnosis and immunotherapy, Blood, 85, 1, 10.1182/blood.V85.1.1.bloodjournal8511 Durkop, 1992, Molecular cloning and expression of a new member of the nerve growth factor receptor family that is characteristic for Hodgkin's disease, Cell, 68, 421, 10.1016/0092-8674(92)90180-K Fukuda, 2004, Anti-CD30 antibody treatment in vitro apoptosis in human eosinophils by extremely rapid and intense induction of extremely rapid and intense induction of apoptosis in human eosinophils by anti-CD30 antibody treatment in vitro, J Immunol, 172, 2186, 10.4049/jimmunol.172.4.2186 Younes, 2012, Results of a pivotal phase II study of brentuximab vedotin for patients with relapsed or refractory Hodgkin's lymphoma, J Clin Oncol, 30, 2183, 10.1200/JCO.2011.38.0410 Chen, 2016, Five-year survival and durability results of brentuximab vedotin in patients with relapsed or refractory Hodgkin lymphoma, Blood, 128, 1562, 10.1182/blood-2016-02-699850 Gopal, 2015, Durable remissions in a pivotal phase 2 study of brentuximab vedotin in relapsed or refractory Hodgkin lymphoma, Blood, 125, 1236, 10.1182/blood-2014-08-595801 Moskowitz, 2015, Brentuximab vedotin as consolidation therapy after autologous stem-cell transplantation in patients with Hodgkin’s lymphoma at risk of relapse or progression (AETHERA): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial, Lancet, 385, 1853, 10.1016/S0140-6736(15)60165-9 Bartlett, 2014, Retreatment with brentuximab vedotin in patients with CD30-positive hematologic malignancies, J Hematol Oncol, 7, 24, 10.1186/1756-8722-7-24 Forero-Torres, 2015, Phase 2 study of frontline brentuximab vedotin monotherapy in Hodgkin lymphoma patients aged 60 years and older, Blood, 126, 2798, 10.1182/blood-2015-06-644336 Gibb, 2017, Results of a phase II study of brentuximab vedotin in the first line treatment of Hodgkin lymphoma patients considered unsuitable for standard chemotherapy (BREVITY), Hematol Oncol, 35, 80, 10.1002/hon.2437_68 Friedberg, 2017, Frontline brentuximab vedotin in combination with dacarbazine or bendamustine in patients aged ≥60 years with HL, Blood, 130, 2829, 10.1182/blood-2017-06-787200 Gallamini, 2017, Brentuximab-vedotin and bendamustine is a feasible and effective drug combination as first-line treatment of Hodgkin lymphoma in the elderly (HALO trial), Hematol Oncol, 35, 170, 10.1002/hon.2438_28 Evens AM, Advani RH, Fanale MA, et al. Sequential brentuximab vedotin (BV) before and after Adriamycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine (BV-AVD) for older patients with untreated classical Hodgkin Lymphoma (cHL): final results from a multicenter phase II study. Presented at the 59th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Hematology, 2017; abstract 733. J. Connors, W. Jurczak, D. Straus, et al., Brentuximab vedotin with chemotherapy for stage III or IV Hodgkin’s lymphoma, N Engl J Med 2017, doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1708984, [Epub ahead of print]. Connors JM, Jurczak W, Straus DJ, et al. Brentuximab vedotin plus doxorubicin, vinblastine, dacarbazine (A+AVD) as frontline therapy demonstrates superior modified progression-free survival versus ABVD in patients with previously untreated stage III or IV Hodgkin lymphoma (HL): the phase 3 Echel. Presented at the 59th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Hematology, 2017; abstract 6. Eichenauer, 2017, Incorporation of brentuximab vedotin into first-line treatment of advanced classical Hodgkin’s lymphoma: final analysis of a phase 2 randomised trial by the German Hodgkin Study Group, Lancet Oncol, 18, 1680, 10.1016/S1470-2045(17)30696-4 Moskowitz, 2015, PET-adapted sequential salvage therapy with brentuximab vedotin followed by augmented ifosamide, carboplatin, and etoposide for patients with relapsed and refractory Hodgkin’s lymphoma: a non-randomised, open-label, single-centre, phase 2 study, Lancet Oncol, 16, 284, 10.1016/S1470-2045(15)70013-6 Chen, 2015, Results of a multicenter phase II trial of brentuximab vedotin as second-line therapy before autologous transplantation in relapsed/refractory Hodgkin lymphoma, Biol Blood Marrow Transpl, 21, 2136, 10.1016/j.bbmt.2015.07.018 Cassaday, 2016, Safety and activity of brentuximab vedotin (BV) plus ifosfamide, carboplatin, and etoposide (ICE) for relapsed/refractory (Rel/Ref) classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL): initial results of a phase I/II trial, Blood, 128, 1834, 10.1182/blood.V128.22.1834.1834 Stamatoullas, 2017, Phase I/II study of brentuximab vedotin in refractory/relapsed Hodgkin lymphoma patients treated by chemotherapy (ICE) in second line before autologous transplantation, Hematol Oncol, 35, 423, 10.1002/hon.2440_6 LaCasce, 2015, Brentuximab vedotin plus bendamustine: a highly active salvage treatment regimen for patients with relapsed or refractory Hodgkin lymphoma, Blood, 126, 3982, 10.1182/blood.V126.23.3982.3982 Herrera AF, Moskowitz AJ, Bartlett NL, et al. Results from a phase 1/2 study of brentuximab vedotin in combination with nivolumab in patients with relapsed or refractory Hodgkin lymphoma. Presented at the 59th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Hematology, 2017; abstract 649. Green, 2010, Integrative analysis reveals selective 9p24.1 amplification, increased PD-1 ligand expression, and further induction via JAK2 in nodular sclerosing Hodgkin lymphoma and primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma, Blood, 116, 3268, 10.1182/blood-2010-05-282780 Roemer, 2016, PD-L1 and PD-L2 genetic alterations define classical Hodgkin lymphoma and predict outcome, J Clin Oncol, 34, 2690, 10.1200/JCO.2016.66.4482 Ansell, 2015, PD-1 blockade with nivolumab in relapsed or refractory Hodgkin's lymphoma, N Engl J Med, 372, 311, 10.1056/NEJMoa1411087 Younes, 2016, Nivolumab for classical Hodgkin’s lymphoma after failure of both autologous stem-cell transplantation and brentuximab vedotin: a multicentre, multicohort, single-arm phase 2 trial, Lancet Oncol, 17, 1283, 10.1016/S1470-2045(16)30167-X Fanale, 2017, Nivolumab for relapsed/refractory classical Hodgkin lymphoma after autologous transplant: full results after extended follow-up of the phase 2 Checkmate 205 trial, Hematol Oncol, 35, 135, 10.1002/hon.2437_124 Armand, 2016, Programmed death-1 blockade with pembrolizumab in patients with classical Hodgkin lymphoma after brentuximab vedotin failure, J Clin Oncol, 34, 3733, 10.1200/JCO.2016.67.3467 Chen, 2017, Phase II study of the efficacy and safety of pembrolizumab for relapsed/refractory classic Hodgkin lymphoma, J Clin Oncol, 35, 2125, 10.1200/JCO.2016.72.1316 Haverkos, 2017, PD-1 blockade for relapsed lymphoma post-allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant: high response rate but frequent GVHD, Blood, 130, 221, 10.1182/blood-2017-01-761346 Ramchandren R, Fanale MA, Rueda A, et al. Nivolumab for newly diagnosed advanced-stage classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL): results from the phase 2 Checkmate 205 study. Presented at the 59th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Hematology, 2017; abstract 651. Cohen JB, Engert A, Ansell SM, et al. Nivolumab treatment beyond investigator-assessed progression: outcomes in patients with relapsed/refractory classical Hodgkin lymphoma from the phase 2 Checkmate 205 study. Presented at the 59th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Hematology, 2017; abstract 650. Prasad, 2017, Nivolumab and pembrolizumab: monoclonal antibodies against programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) that are interchangeable, Semin Oncol, 44, 132, 10.1053/j.seminoncol.2017.06.007 Batlevi, 2016, ENGAGE- 501: phase II study of entinostat (SNDX-275) in relapsed and refractory Hodgkin lymphoma, Haematologica, 101, 968, 10.3324/haematol.2016.142406 Hu, 2017, Phase-I and randomized phase-II trial of panobinostat in combination with ICE (ifosfamide, carboplatin, etoposide) in relapsed or refractory classical Hodgkin lymphoma, Leuk Lymphoma, 1 Maly, 2017, A phase I/II trial of panobinostat in combination with lenalidomide in patients with relapsed or refractory Hodgkin lymphoma, Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk, 17, 347, 10.1016/j.clml.2017.05.008 Kirschbaum, 2012, A phase 2 study of vorinostat for treatment of relapsed or refractory Hodgkin lymphoma: Southwest Oncology Group Study S0517, Leuk Lymphoma, 53, 259, 10.3109/10428194.2011.608448 Johnston, 2012, Everolimus (EVE) for relapsed/refractory classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL): open-label, single-arm, phase II study, J Clin Oncol, 30, 8028, 10.1200/jco.2012.30.15_suppl.8028 Wang, 2017, Autologous T cells expressing CD30 chimeric antigen receptors for relapsed or refractory Hodgkin lymphoma: an open-label phase I trial, Clin Cancer Res, 23, 1156, 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-16-1365 Gopal, 2017, Phase II study of idelalisib, a selective inhibitor of PI3Kδ, for relapsed/refractory classical Hodgkin lymphoma, Ann Oncol, 28, 1057, 10.1093/annonc/mdx028 Fehniger, 2011, A phase 2 multicenter study of lenalidomide in relapsed or refractory classical Hodgkin lymphoma, Blood, 118, 5119, 10.1182/blood-2011-07-362475 Rothe, 2015, A phase 1 study of the bispecific anti-CD30/CD16A antibody construct AFM13 in patients with relapsed or refractory Hodgkin lymphoma, Blood, 125, 4024, 10.1182/blood-2014-12-614636 Van Den Neste, 2016, A Lysa phase II study of oral JAK1/2 inhibitor ruxolitinib in advanced relapsed/refractory (R/R) Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), Blood, 128, 10.1182/blood.V128.22.4160.4160 Gribben, 2015, Mechanisms of action of lenalidomide in B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma, J Clin Oncol, 33, 2803, 10.1200/JCO.2014.59.5363 Kuruvilla, 2008, Phase II trial of lenalidomide in patients with relapsed or refractory Hodgkin lymphoma, Blood, 112, 10.1182/blood.V112.11.3052.3052 Bölll, 2010, Lenalidomide in patients with refractory or multiple relapsed Hodgkin lymphoma, Br J Haematol, 148, 480, 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2009.07963.x Fehniger, 2012, A phase 2 multicenter study of continuous dose lenalidomide in relapsed or refractory classical Hodgkin lymphoma, Blood, 114 Corazzelli, 2014, A phase 1/2 study of lenalidomide and bendamustine (LEBEN) in chemorefractory Hodgkin lymphoma, J Clin Oncol, 32, 8566, 10.1200/jco.2014.32.15_suppl.8566 Jasielec, 2014, Temsirolimus (TEM) and lenalidomide (LEN) in relapsed/refractory Hodgkin lymphoma including in patients with prior exposure to brentuximab vedotin (BV), J Clin Oncol, 32, 8567, 10.1200/jco.2014.32.15_suppl.8567 Kochenderfer, 2015, Chemotherapy-refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and indolent B-cell malignancies can be effectively treated with autologous T cells expressing an anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor, J Clin Oncol, 33, 540, 10.1200/JCO.2014.56.2025 Ruella, 2014, Novel chimeric antigen receptor T cells for the treatment of Hodgkin lymphoma, Blood, 124, 806, 10.1182/blood.V124.21.806.806 Hartmann, 2001, Anti-CD16/CD30 bispecific antibody treatment for Hodgkin's disease: role of infusion schedule and costimulation with cytokines, Clin Cancer Res, 7, 1873 Borchmann, 2002, Phase 1 trial of the novel bispecific molecule H22xKi-4 in patients with refractory Hodgkin lymphoma, Blood, 100, 3101, 10.1182/blood-2001-12-0295 Márk, 2013, Characteristic mTOR activity in Hodgkin-lymphomas offers a potential therapeutic target in high risk disease—a combined tissue microarray, in vitro and in vivo study, BMC Cancer, 13, 250, 10.1186/1471-2407-13-250 Johnston, 2010, A phase II trial of the oral mTOR inhibitor everolimus in relapsed Hodgkin lymphoma, Am J Hematol, 85, 320 Rocha, 2017, Everolimus as a single agent in refractory or relapsed Hodgkin's lymphoma: the Brazilian Named Patient Program Experience, Rev Bras Hematol Hemoter, 39, 216, 10.1016/j.bjhh.2017.03.008 Meadows, 2012, PI3Kδ inhibitor, GS-1101 (CAL-101), attenuates pathway signaling, induces apoptosis, and overcomes signals from the microenvironment in cellular models of Hodgkin lymphoma, Blood, 119, 1897, 10.1182/blood-2011-10-386763 Baus, 2006, Specific function of STAT3, SOCS1, and SOCS3 in the regulation of proliferation and survival of classical Hodgkin lymphoma cells, Int J Cancer, 118, 1404, 10.1002/ijc.21539 Joos, 2000, Genomic imbalances including amplification of the tyrosine kinase gene JAK2 in CD30+ Hodgkin cells, Cancer Res, 60, 549 Kim, 2016, The efficacy of JAK2 inhibitor in heavily pretreated classical Hodgkin lymphoma: a prospective pilot study of ruxolitinib in relapsed or refractory classical Hodgkin lymphoma and primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma, Blood, 128 Horwitz SM, Hamadani M, Fanale MA, et al. Interim results from a phase 1 study of ADCT-301 (camidanlumab tesirine) show promising activity of a novel pyrrolobenzodiazepine-based antibody drug conjugate in relapsed/refractory Hodgkin/non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Presented at the 59th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Hematology, 2017; abstract 1510. Scott, 2013, Gene expression-based model using formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded biopsies predicts overall survival in advanced-stage classical Hodgkin lymphoma, J Clin Oncol, 31, 692, 10.1200/JCO.2012.43.4589 Chan, 2017, Prognostic model to predict post-autologous stem-cell transplantation outcomes in classical Hodgkin lymphoma, J Clin Oncol, 35, 3722, 10.1200/JCO.2017.72.7925 Burton, 2017, Application of a gene expression-based model in combination with FDG-PET imaging to predict treatment response in advanced Hodgkin lymphoma in the RATHL study (CRUK/07/033), Hematol Oncol, 35, 91, 10.1002/hon.2437_80 Scott, 2017, The 23-gene gene expression-based assay does not predict interim PET scan results after ABVD in advanced stage classical Hodgkin lymphoma in the US intergroup S0816 trial, Hematol Oncol, 35, 92, 10.1002/hon.2437_81 Steidl, 2010, Tumor-associated macrophages and survival in classic Hodgkin's lymphoma, N Engl J Med, 362, 875, 10.1056/NEJMoa0905680 Azambuja, 2012, Lack of association of tumor-associated macrophages with clinical outcome in patients with classical Hodgkin's lymphoma, Ann Oncol, 23, 736, 10.1093/annonc/mdr157 Klein, 2014, CD163 immunohistochemistry is superior to CD68 in predicting outcome in classical Hodgkin lymphoma, Am J Clin Pathol, 141, 381, 10.1309/AJCP61TLMXLSLJYS Gotti, 2017, Independent prognostic impact of tumour-infiltrating macrophages in early-stage Hodgkin's lymphoma, Hematol Oncol, 35, 296, 10.1002/hon.2295 Marri, 2013, Prognostic significance of pretreatment serum cytokines in classical Hodgkin lymphoma, Clin Cancer Res, 19, 6812, 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-13-1879 Cuccaro, 2016, CD68+ cell count, early evaluation with PET and plasma TARC levels predict response in Hodgkin lymphoma, Cancer Med, 5, 398, 10.1002/cam4.585 Rautert, 2008, Elevated pretreatment interleukin-10 serum level is an international prognostic score (IPS)-independent risk factor for early treatment failure in advanced stage Hodgkin lymphoma, Leuk Lymphoma, 49, 2091, 10.1080/10428190802441339 Plattel, 2016, Biomarkers for evaluation of treatment response in classical Hodgkin lymphoma: comparison of sGalectin-1, sCD163 and sCD30 with TARC, Br J Haematol, 175, 868, 10.1111/bjh.14317