Root Canal Irrigants
Tóm tắt
Từ khóa
Tài liệu tham khảo
Ørstavik, 1996, Time-course and risk analyses of the development and healing of chronic apical periodontitis in man, Int Endod J, 29, 150, 10.1111/j.1365-2591.1996.tb01361.x
Peters, 2002, Effects of instrumentation, irrigation and dressing with calcium hydroxide on infection in pulpless teeth with periapical bone lesions, Int Endod J, 35, 13, 10.1046/j.0143-2885.2001.00447.x
Ørstavik, 2004, A multivariate analysis of the outcome of endodontic treatment, Eur J Oral Sci, 112, 224, 10.1111/j.1600-0722.2004.00122.x
Saleh, 2004, Survival of Enterococcus faecalis in infected dentinal tubules after root canal filling with different root canal sealers in vitro, Int Endod J, 37, 193, 10.1111/j.0143-2885.2004.00785.x
Peters, 2002, Periapical healing of endodontically treated teeth in one and two visits obturated in the presence or absence of detectable microorganisms, Int Endod J, 35, 660, 10.1046/j.1365-2591.2002.00541.x
Alderson, 2004
Sjögren, 1997, Influence of infection at the time of root filling on the outcome of endodontic treatment of teeth with apical periodontitis, Int Endod J, 30, 297, 10.1111/j.1365-2591.1997.tb00714.x
Molander, 1998, Microbiological status of root-filled teeth with apical periodontitis, Int Endod J, 31, 1, 10.1046/j.1365-2591.1998.t01-1-00111.x
Langeland, 1987, Tissue response to dental caries, Endod Dent Traumatol, 3, 149, 10.1111/j.1600-9657.1987.tb00619.x
Zehnder, 2002, Pathologic interactions in pulpal and periodontal tissues, J Clin Periodontol, 29, 663, 10.1034/j.1600-051X.2002.290801.x
Hahn, 2000, Cytokine induction by Streptococcus mutans and pulpal pathogenesis, Infect Immun, 68, 6785, 10.1128/IAI.68.12.6785-6789.2000
Sundqvist, 1976
Seltzer, 1963, The dynamics of pulp inflammation, Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol, 16, 846, 10.1016/0030-4220(63)90323-2
Petersson, 1999, Evaluation of the ability of thermal and electrical tests to register pulp vitality, Endod Dent Traumatol, 15, 127, 10.1111/j.1600-9657.1999.tb00769.x
Walker, 1936, A definite and dependable therapy for pulpless teeth, J Am Dent Assoc, 23, 1418
Jenkins, 2001, A study of endodontic treatment carried out in dental practice within the UK, Int Endod J, 34, 16, 10.1046/j.1365-2591.2001.00341.x
Hess, 1917, Zur Anatomie der Wurzelkanäle des menschlichen Gebisses mit Berücksichtigung der feinen Verzweigungen am Foramen apicale, Schweiz Vierteljahresschr Zahnheilk, 1, 1
Nair, 2004, Pathogenesis of apical periodontitis and the causes of endodontic failures, Crit Rev Oral Biol Med, 15, 348, 10.1177/154411130401500604
Sundqvist, 1994, Taxonomy, ecology, and pathogenicity of the root canal flora, Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol, 78, 522, 10.1016/0030-4220(94)90047-7
Love, 2001, Enterococcus faecalis—a mechanism for its role in endodontic failure, Int Endod J, 34, 399, 10.1046/j.1365-2591.2001.00437.x
Shovelton, 1964, The presence and distribution of microorganisms with nonvital teeth, Br Dent J, 117, 101
Armitage, 1983, Cemental changes in teeth with heavily infected root canals, J Endod, 9, 127, 10.1016/S0099-2399(83)80030-2
Chavez De Paz, 2003, Bacteria recovered from teeth with apical periodontitis after antimicrobial endodontic treatment, Int Endod J, 36, 500, 10.1046/j.1365-2591.2003.00686.x
Engström, 1964, The significance of Enterococci in root canal treatment, Odontol Revy, 15, 87
Haapasalo, 1983, Facultatice Gram-negative enteric rods in persistent periapical infections, Acta Odontol Scand, 91, 458
Waltimo, 1997, Fungi in therapy-resistant apical periodontitis, Int Endod J, 30, 96, 10.1111/j.1365-2591.1997.tb00681.x
Fabricius, 1982, Influence of combinations of oral bacteria on periapical tissues of monkeys, Scand J Dent Res, 90, 200
Dahlén, 1980, Endotoxic activity in teeth with necrotic pulps, J Dent Res, 59, 1033, 10.1177/00220345800590060501
Dwyer, 1980, Radiographic and histologic evaluation of the effect of endotoxin on the periapical tissues of the cat, J Endod, 7, 31, 10.1016/S0099-2399(81)80265-8
Jacinto, 2005, Quantification of endotoxins in necrotic root canals from symptomatic and asymptomatic teeth, J Med Microbiol, 54, 777, 10.1099/jmm.0.45976-0
Costerton, 1994, Biofilms, the customized microniche, J Bacteriol, 176, 2137, 10.1128/jb.176.8.2137-2142.1994
Nickel, 1985, Tobramycin resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa cells growing as a biofilm on urinary catheter material, Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 27, 619, 10.1128/AAC.27.4.619
Wilson, 1996, Susceptibility of oral bacterial biofilms to antimicrobial agents, J Med Microbiol, 44, 79, 10.1099/00222615-44-2-79
Haapasalo, 1987, In vitro infection and disinfection of dentinal tubules, J Dent Res, 66, 1375, 10.1177/00220345870660081801
Portenier, 2001, Inactivation of root canal medicaments by dentine, hydroxylapatite and bovine serum albumin, Int Endod J, 34, 184, 10.1046/j.1365-2591.2001.00366.x
Portenier, 2002, Inactivation of the antibacterial activity of iodine potassium iodide and chlorhexidine digluconate against Enterococcus faecalis by dentin, dentin matrix, type-I collagen, and heat-killed microbial whole cells, J Endod, 28, 634, 10.1097/00004770-200209000-00002
Schilder, 1974, Cleaning and shaping the root canal, Dent Clin North Am, 18, 269, 10.1016/S0011-8532(22)00677-2
Lussi, 1993, A novel noninstrumented technique for cleansing the root canal system, J Endod, 19, 549, 10.1016/S0099-2399(06)81284-7
Attin, 2002, Clinical evaluation of the cleansing properties of the noninstrumental technique for cleaning root canals, Int Endod J, 35, 929, 10.1046/j.1365-2591.2002.00591.x
Kerekes, 1979, Long-term results of endodontic treatment performed with a standardized technique, J Endod, 5, 83, 10.1016/S0099-2399(79)80154-5
McComb, 1976, The results of in vivo endodontic chemomechanical instrumentation—a scanning electron microscopic study, J Br Endod Soc, 9, 11, 10.1111/j.1365-2591.1976.tb01231.x
Gwinnett, 1984, Smear layer, Oper Dent Suppl, 3, 2
Akpata, 1982, Bacterial invasion of pulpal dentin wall in vitro, J Dent Res, 61, 435, 10.1177/00220345820610021401
Sen, 1999, Antifungal effects of sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine in root canals, J Endod, 25, 235, 10.1016/S0099-2399(99)80149-6
Kokkas, 2004, The influence of the smear layer on dentinal tubule penetration depth by three different root canal sealers, J Endod, 30, 100, 10.1097/00004770-200402000-00009
Clark-Holke, 2003, Bacterial penetration through canals of endodontically treated teeth in the presence or absence of the smear layer, J Dent, 31, 275, 10.1016/S0300-5712(03)00032-0
Grahnén, 1962, The effect of instrumentation and flushing of non-vital teeth in endodontic therapy I, Odontol Revy, 13, 167
Byström, 1981, Bacteriologic evaluation of the efficacy of mechanical root canal instrumentation in endodontic therapy, Scand J Dent Res, 89, 321
Mayer, 2002, Effects of rotary instruments and ultrasonic irrigation on debris and smear layer scores, Int Endod J, 35, 582, 10.1046/j.1365-2591.2002.00502.x
Peters, 2004, Current challenges and concepts in the preparation of root canal systems, J Endod, 30, 559, 10.1097/01.DON.0000129039.59003.9D
Harrison, 1984, Irrigation of the root canal system, Dent Clin North Am, 28, 797, 10.1016/S0011-8532(22)02205-4
Spångberg, 1973, Biologic effects of dental materials. 3. Toxicity and antimicrobial effect of endodontic antiseptics in vitro, Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol, 36, 856, 10.1016/0030-4220(73)90338-1
Spångberg, 1979, Biologic effects of endodontic antimicrobial agents, J Endod, 5, 166, 10.1016/S0099-2399(79)80164-8
Popescu, 1984, Drug allergy, Med Interne, 22, 195
Baldo, 1983, Substituted ammonium ions as allergenic determinants in drug allergy, Nature, 306, 262, 10.1038/306262a0
Bernstein, 1994, A combined respiratory and cutaneous hypersensitivity syndrome induced by work exposure to quaternary amines, J Allergy Clin Immunol, 94, 257, 10.1053/ai.1994.v94.a52646
Hostynek, 1989, Hypochlorite sensitivity in man, Contact Dermatitis, 20, 32, 10.1111/j.1600-0536.1989.tb03092.x
Krautheim, 2004, Chlorhexidine anaphylaxis, Contact Dermatitis, 50, 113, 10.1111/j.0105-1873.2004.00308.x
Caliskan, 1994, Allergy to sodium hypochlorite during root canal therapy, Int Endod J, 27, 163, 10.1111/j.1365-2591.1994.tb00247.x
Blum, 1921, Hypochlorit und seine Anwendung in der zahnärztlichen Praxis, Dtsch Zahnärztl Wschr, 24, 21
Grossman, 1941, Solution of pulp tissue by chemical agents, J Am Dent Assoc, 28, 223, 10.14219/jada.archive.1941.0060
Naenni, 2004, Soft tissue dissolution capacity of currently used and potential endodontic irrigants, J Endod, 30, 785, 10.1097/00004770-200411000-00009
Koskinen, 1980, Appearance of chemically treated root canal walls in the scanning electron microscope, Scand J Dent Res, 88, 505
Baumgartner, 1987, A scanning electron microscopic evaluation of four root canal irrigation regimens, J Endod, 13, 147, 10.1016/S0099-2399(87)80132-2
Gutierrez, 1990, Scanning electron microscope study on the action of endodontic irrigants on bacteria invading the dentinal tubules, Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol, 69, 491, 10.1016/0030-4220(90)90385-6
Haikel, 1994, In vitro efficiency of endodontic irrigation solutions on protein desorption, Int Endod J, 27, 16, 10.1111/j.1365-2591.1994.tb00223.x
Spratt, 2001, An in vitro evaluation of the antimicrobial efficacy of irrigants on biofilms of root canal isolates, Int Endod J, 34, 300, 10.1046/j.1365-2591.2001.00392.x
Ørstavik, 1990, Disinfection by endodontic irrigants and dressings of experimentally infected dentinal tubules, Endod Dent Traumatol, 6, 142, 10.1111/j.1600-9657.1990.tb00409.x
Vahdaty, 1993, Efficacy of chlorhexidine in disinfecting dentinal tubules in vitro, Endod Dent Traumatol, 9, 243, 10.1111/j.1600-9657.1993.tb00280.x
Sarbinoff, 1983, The comparative effectiveness of various agents in detoxifying diseased root surfaces, J Periodontol, 54, 77, 10.1902/jop.1983.54.2.77
Silva, 2004, Histological study of the effect of some irrigating solutions on bacterial endotoxin in dogs, Braz Dent J, 15, 109, 10.1590/S0103-64402004000200005
Tanomaru, 2003, Effect of different irrigation solutions and calcium hydroxide on bacterial LPS, Int Endod J, 36, 733, 10.1046/j.1365-2591.2003.00717.x
Davies, 1954, 1:6-Di-4′-chlorophenyldiguanidohexane (hibitane); laboratory investigation of a new antibacterial agent of high potency, Br J Pharmacol Chemother, 9, 192, 10.1111/j.1476-5381.1954.tb00840.x
Foulkes, 1973, Some toxicological observations on chlorhexidine, J Periodontal Res Suppl, 12, 55, 10.1111/j.1600-0765.1973.tb02165.x
Addy, 1997, Clinical indications for the use of chemical adjuncts to plaque control, Periodontol 2000, 15, 52, 10.1111/j.1600-0757.1997.tb00104.x
Zamany, 2003, The effect of chlorhexidine as an endodontic disinfectant, Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod, 96, 578, 10.1016/S1079-2104(03)00168-9
Jeansonne, 1994, A comparison of 2.0% chlorhexidine gluconate and 5.25% sodium hypochlorite as antimicrobial endodontic irrigants, J Endod, 20, 276, 10.1016/S0099-2399(06)80815-0
Evanov, 2004, Antibacterial efficacy of calcium hydroxide and chlorhexidine gluconate irrigants at 37 degrees C and 46 degrees C, J Endod, 30, 653, 10.1097/01.DON.0000121620.11272.22
Hennessey, 1973, Some antibacterial properties of chlorhexidine, J Periodontal Res Suppl, 12, 61, 10.1111/j.1600-0765.1973.tb02166.x
Emilson, 1977, Susceptibility of various microorganisms to chlorhexidine, Scand J Dent Res, 85, 255
Hamp, 1973, Some effects of chlorhexidine on the plaque flora of the beagle dog, J Periodontal Res Suppl, 12, 28, 10.1111/j.1600-0765.1973.tb02161.x
Portenier, 2003, Enterococcus faecalis—the root canal survivor and “star” in post-treatment disease, Endod Topics, 6, 135, 10.1111/j.1601-1546.2003.00040.x
Siqueira, 2002, Actinomyces species, streptococci, and Enterococcus faecalis in primary root canal infections, J Endod, 28, 168, 10.1097/00004770-200203000-00006
Ringel, 1982, In vivo evaluation of chlorhexidine gluconate solution and sodium hypochlorite solution as root canal irrigants, J Endod, 8, 200, 10.1016/S0099-2399(82)80354-3
Dychdala, 1991, Chlorine and chlorine compounds, 131
Test, 1984, Generation of nitrogen-chlorine oxidants by human phagocytes, J Clin Invest, 74, 1341, 10.1172/JCI111544
Dakin, 1915, On the use of certain antiseptic substances in treatment of infected wounds, BMJ, 2, 318, 10.1136/bmj.2.2852.318
Austin, 1918, Behavior of hypochlorite and of chloramine-T solutions in contact with necrotic and normal tissue in vivo, J Exp Med, 27, 627, 10.1084/jem.27.5.627
Crane, 1920
Frais, 2001, Some factors affecting the concentration of available chlorine in commercial sources of sodium hypochlorite, Int Endod J, 34, 206, 10.1046/j.1365-2591.2001.00371.x
Lambjerg-Hansen, 1982, Endodontiske medikamenter, Tandlaegebladet, 86, 467
Heling, 2001, Bactericidal and cytotoxic effects of sodium hypochlorite and sodium dichloroisocyanurate solutions in vitro, J Endod, 27, 278, 10.1097/00004770-200104000-00009
van Klingeren, 1980, Quantitative suspension test for the evaluation of disinfectants for swimming pool water, Zentralbl Bakteriol [B], 170, 457
Grossman, 1943, Irrigation of root canals, J Am Dent Assoc, 30, 1915, 10.14219/jada.archive.1943.0397
Hülsmann, 2000, Complications during root canal irrigation—literature review and case reports, Int Endod J, 33, 186, 10.1046/j.1365-2591.2000.00303.x
Sim, 2001, Effect of sodium hypochlorite on mechanical properties of dentine and tooth surface strain, Int Endod J, 34, 120, 10.1046/j.1365-2591.2001.00357.x
Cvek, 1976, Antimicrobial effect of root canal debridement in teeth with immature root. A clinical and microbiologic study, Odontol Revy, 27, 1
Byström, 1985, The antibacterial action of sodium hypochlorite and EDTA in 60 cases of endodontic therapy, Int Endod J, 18, 35, 10.1111/j.1365-2591.1985.tb00416.x
Sirtes, 2005, The effects of temperature on sodium hypochlorite short-term stability, pulp dissolution capacity, and antimicrobial efficacy, J Endod, 31, 669, 10.1097/01.don.0000153846.62144.d2
Moorer, 1982, Factors promoting the tissue dissolving capability of sodium hypochlorite, Int Endod J, 15, 187, 10.1111/j.1365-2591.1982.tb01277.x
Senia, 1971, The solvent action of sodium hypochlorite on pulp tissue of extracted teeth, Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol, 31, 96, 10.1016/0030-4220(71)90040-5
Smith, 1976
Bloomfield, 1979, The antibacterial properties of sodium dichloroisocyanurate and sodium hypochlorite formulations, J Appl Bacteriol, 46, 65, 10.1111/j.1365-2672.1979.tb02582.x
Cotter, 1985, Chemical parameters, antimicrobial activities, and tissue toxicity of 0.1 and 0.5% sodium hypochlorite solutions, Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 28, 118, 10.1128/AAC.28.1.118
Zehnder, 2002, Tissue-dissolving capacity and antibacterial effect of buffered and unbuffered hypochlorite solutions, Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod, 94, 756, 10.1067/moe.2002.128961
Thé, 1979, The solvent action of sodium hypochlorite on fixed and unfixed necrotic tissue, Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol, 47, 558, 10.1016/0030-4220(79)90281-0
Cunningham, 1980, Effect of temperature on collagen-dissolving ability of sodium hypochlorite endodontic irrigant, Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol, 49, 175, 10.1016/0030-4220(80)90313-8
Abou-Rass, 1981, The effects of temperature, concentration, and tissue type on the solvent ability of sodium hypochlorite, J Endod, 7, 376, 10.1016/S0099-2399(81)80059-3
Kamburis, 2003, Removal of organic debris from bovine dentin shavings, J Endod, 29, 559, 10.1097/00004770-200309000-00004
Costigan, 1936, Effectiveness of hot hypochlorites of low alkalinity in destroying Mycobacterium tuberculosis, J Bacteriol, 32, 57, 10.1128/JB.32.1.57-63.1936
Martin, 1976, Ultrasonic disinfection of the root canal, Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol, 42, 92, 10.1016/0030-4220(76)90035-9
Abbott, 1991, An SEM study of the effects of different irrigation sequences and ultrasonics, Int Endod J, 24, 308, 10.1111/j.1365-2591.1991.tb00141.x
Cheung, 1993, In vitro cleaning ability of root canal irrigants with and without endosonics, Int Endod J, 26, 334, 10.1111/j.1365-2591.1993.tb00766.x
Jensen, 1999, Comparison of the cleaning efficacy of passive sonic activation and passive ultrasonic activation after hand instrumentation in molar root canals, J Endod, 25, 735, 10.1016/S0099-2399(99)80120-4
Barnett, 1985, Bacteriologic status of the root canal after sonic, ultrasonic and hand instrumentation, Endod Dent Traumatol, 1, 228, 10.1111/j.1600-9657.1985.tb00585.x
Sjögren, 1987, Bacteriologic evaluation of ultrasonic root canal instrumentation, Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol, 63, 366, 10.1016/0030-4220(87)90208-8
Walmsley, 1987, Ultrasound and root canal treatment, Int Endod J, 20, 105, 10.1111/j.1365-2591.1987.tb00600.x
Martin, 1985, Endosonics—the ultrasonic synergistic system of endodontics, Endod Dent Traumatol, 1, 201, 10.1111/j.1600-9657.1985.tb00582.x
Roy, 1994, Physical mechanisms governing the hydrodynamic response of an oscillating ultrasonic file, Int Endod J, 27, 197, 10.1111/j.1365-2591.1994.tb00254.x
Krell, 1988, Irrigation patterns of ultrasonic endodontic files. Part II. Diamond-coated files, J Endod, 14, 535, 10.1016/S0099-2399(88)80085-2
van der Sluis, 2005, The efficacy of ultrasonic irrigation to remove artificially placed dentine debris from human root canals prepared using instruments of varying taper, Int Endod J, 38, 764, 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2005.01018.x
van der Sluis, 2005, A comparison between a smooth wire and a K-file in removing artificially placed dentine debris from root canals in resin blocks during ultrasonic irrigation, Int Endod J, 38, 593, 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2005.00921.x
Stock, 1991, Current status of the use of ultrasound in endodontics, Int Dent J, 41, 175
Lester, 1977, Scanning electron microscopy of instrumented, irrigated and filled root canals, Br Dent J, 143, 359, 10.1038/sj.bdj.4804007
Nygaard Östby, 1957, Chelation in root canal therapy, Odontol Tidskr, 65, 3
Loel, 1975, Use of acid cleanser in endodontic therapy, J Am Dent Assoc, 90, 148, 10.14219/jada.archive.1975.0010
Coons, 1987, Performance in detergents, cleaning agents and personal care products, 197
Zehnder, 2005, Chelation in root canal therapy reconsidered, J Endod, 31, 817, 10.1097/01.don.0000158233.59316.fe
Yoshida, 1995, Clinical evaluation of the efficacy of EDTA solution as an endodontic irrigant, J Endod, 21, 592, 10.1016/S0099-2399(06)81109-X
Patterson, 1963, In vivo and in vitro studies of the effect of the disodium salt of ethylenediamine tetra-acetate on human dentine and its endodontic implications, Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol, 16, 83, 10.1016/0030-4220(63)90367-0
Torabinejad, 2003, A new solution for the removal of the smear layer, J Endod, 29, 170, 10.1097/00004770-200303000-00002
Dahlén, 2000, Identification and antimicrobial susceptibility of Enterococci isolated from the root canal, Oral Microbiol Immunol, 15, 309, 10.1034/j.1399-302x.2000.150507.x
Hülsmann, 2003, Chelating agents in root canal treatment, Int Endod J, 36, 810, 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2003.00754.x
Stewart, 1961, A study of a new medicament in the chemomechanical preparation of infected root canals, J Am Dent Assoc, 63, 33, 10.14219/jada.archive.1961.0164
Stewart, 1969, EDTA and urea peroxide for root canal preparation, J Am Dent Assoc, 78, 335, 10.14219/jada.archive.1969.0114
Peters, 2005, Effect of liquid and paste-type lubricants on torque values during simulated rotary root canal instrumentation, Int Endod J, 38, 223, 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2005.00937.x
Baumgartner, 1987, The chemical reactions of irrigants used for root canal debridement, J Endod, 13, 47, 10.1016/S0099-2399(87)80153-X
Girard, 2005, Assessment of a gel-type chelating preparation containing 1-hydroxyethylidene-1, 1-bisphosphonate, Int Endod J, 38, 810, 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2005.01021.x
Zehnder, 2005, Reducing surface tension in endodontic chelator solutions has no effect on their ability to remove calcium from instrumented root canals, J Endod, 31, 590, 10.1097/01.don.0000152300.44990.6d
Yguel-Henry, 1990, High precision, simulated cutting efficiency measurement of endodontic root canal instruments, J Endod, 16, 418, 10.1016/S0099-2399(06)81883-2
Kuphasuk, 2001, Electrochemical corrosion of titanium and titanium-based alloys, J Prosthet Dent, 85, 195, 10.1067/mpr.2001.113029
O’Hoy, 2003, The effect of cleaning procedures on fracture properties and corrosion of NiTi files, Int Endod J, 36, 724, 10.1046/j.1365-2591.2003.00709.x
Haikel, 1998, Cutting efficiency of nickel-titanium endodontic instruments and the effect of sodium hypochlorite treatment, J Endod, 24, 736, 10.1016/S0099-2399(98)80164-7
Calt, 2002, Time-dependent effects of EDTA on dentin structures, J Endod, 28, 17, 10.1097/00004770-200201000-00004
Angker, 2005, Characterising the micro-mechanical behaviour of the carious dentine of primary teeth using nano-indentation, J Biomech, 38, 1535, 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2004.07.012
Yamada, 1983, A scanning electron microscopic comparison of a high volume final flush with several irrigating solutions, J Endod, 9, 137, 10.1016/S0099-2399(83)80032-6
Zehnder, 2003, Tissue-dissolution capacity and dentin-disinfecting potential of calcium hydroxide mixed with irrigating solutions, Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod, 96, 608, 10.1016/S1079-2104(03)00157-4
Rölla, 1970, The affinity of chlorhexidine for hydroxyapatite and salivary mucins, J Periodontal Res, 5, 90, 10.1111/j.1600-0765.1970.tb00698.x
Rölla, 1971, Retention of chlorhexidine in the human oral cavity, Arch Oral Biol, 16, 1109, 10.1016/0003-9969(71)90215-9
Parsons, 1980, Uptake and release of chlorhexidine by bovine pulp and dentin specimens and their subsequent acquisition of antibacterial properties, Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol, 49, 455, 10.1016/0030-4220(80)90291-1
Dametto, 2005, In vitro assessment of the immediate and prolonged antimicrobial action of chlorhexidine gel as an endodontic irrigant against Enterococcus faecalis, Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod, 99, 768, 10.1016/j.tripleo.2004.08.026
Peciuliene, 2001, Isolation of yeasts and enteric bacteria in root-filled teeth with chronic apical periodontitis, Int Endod J, 34, 429, 10.1046/j.1365-2591.2001.00411.x
Kvist, 2004, Microbiological evaluation of one- and two-visit endodontic treatment of teeth with apical periodontitis, J Endod, 30, 572, 10.1097/01.DON.0000121607.87969.6E
Ram, 1977, Effectiveness of root canal irrigation, Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol, 44, 306, 10.1016/0030-4220(77)90285-7
McGurkin-Smith, 2005, Reduction of intracanal bacteria using GT rotary instrumentation, 5.25% NaOCl, EDTA, and Ca(OH)2, J Endod, 31, 359, 10.1097/01.don.0000145035.85272.7c
Kaufman, 1981, The use of dequalinium acetate as a disinfectant and chemotherapeutic agent in endodontics, Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol, 51, 434, 10.1016/0030-4220(81)90155-9
Solovyeva, 2000, Cleaning effectiveness of root canal irrigation with electrochemically activated anolyte and catholyte solutions, Int Endod J, 33, 494, 10.1046/j.1365-2591.2000.00342.x
Deltour, 1970, Effet lethal de l’ozone sur certaines souches de bactéries aerobes dans un modèle de chambre pulpaire, Rev Odontostomatol Midi Fr, 15, 278
Seal, 2002, An in vitro comparison of the bactericidal efficacy of lethal photosensitization or sodium hyphochlorite irrigation on Streptococcus intermedius biofilms in root canals, Int Endod J, 35, 268, 10.1046/j.1365-2591.2002.00477.x
Gulabivala, 2004, Effectiveness of electrochemically activated water as an irrigant in an infected tooth model, Int Endod J, 37, 624, 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2004.00867.x
Hems, 2005, An in vitro evaluation of the ability of ozone to kill a strain of Enterococcus faecalis, Int Endod J, 38, 22, 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2004.00891.x
Abou-Rass, 1982, The effects of decreasing surface tension on the flow of irrigating solutions in narrow root canals, Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol, 53, 524, 10.1016/0030-4220(82)90470-4
Tasman, 2000, Surface tension of root canal irrigants, J Endod, 26, 586, 10.1097/00004770-200010000-00002
Papa, 1994, Moisture content of vital vs endodontically treated teeth, Endod Dent Traumatol, 10, 91, 10.1111/j.1600-9657.1994.tb00067.x
Fish, 1932
Baker, 2004, Antibacterial efficacy of calcium hydroxide, iodine potassium iodide, betadine, and betadine scrub with and without surfactant against E faecalis in vitro, Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod, 98, 359, 10.1016/j.tripleo.2004.04.023
Aktener, 1989, The penetration of smear material into dentinal tubules during instrumentation with surface-active reagents, J Endod, 15, 588, 10.1016/S0099-2399(89)80156-6
Shipper, 2004, An evaluation of microbial leakage in roots filled with a thermoplastic synthetic polymer-based root canal filling material (Resilon), J Endod, 30, 342, 10.1097/00004770-200405000-00009
Zehnder, 2004, Preliminary evaluation of bioactive glass S53P4 as an endodontic medication in vitro, J Endod, 30, 220, 10.1097/00004770-200404000-00009
Banchs, 2004, Revascularization of immature permanent teeth with apical periodontitis, J Endod, 30, 196, 10.1097/00004770-200404000-00003
2005