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Vai trò của lipid axit sulfoquinovosyl diacylglycerol và phosphatidylglycerol trong quang hợp: sự đặc hiệu và tiến hóa của chúng
Tóm tắt
Sulfoquinovosyl diacylglycerol (SQDG) và phosphatidylglycerol (PG) là các lipid có điện tích âm, phân bố trong hệ thống màng của lục lạp ở thực vật và tổ tiên được giả định của chúng, là vi khuẩn lam, cũng như phổ biến trong các màng của các loại vi khuẩn quang hợp không oxy. Do đó, các lipid axit này rất đáng quan tâm về vai trò của chúng trong chức năng và tiến hóa của các màng quang hợp. Ý nghĩa sinh lý của những lipid này trong quang hợp đã được nghiên cứu thông qua việc phân tích các đột biến bị thiếu khả năng tổng hợp SQDG hoặc PG, và thông qua việc phân tích các màng thylakoid hoặc các hạt quang hợp được tách riêng, trong đó thành phần lipid axit đã được điều chỉnh in vitro, chẳng hạn, bằng cách điều trị bằng phospholipase để phân hủy PG. Trách nhiệm của SQDG hoặc PG đã được làm rõ đến nay về tính toàn vẹn cấu trúc và/hoặc chức năng của các hệ thống quang hợp I và/hoặc II ở các loài vi khuẩn lam, tảo xanh và thực vật bậc cao. Cũng đã được ngụ ý rằng có những mức độ trách nhiệm khác nhau ở các sinh vật quang hợp khác nhau. Những trường hợp cực đoan liên quan đến sự cần thiết của SQDG cho quang hợp và tăng trưởng ở hai sinh vật quang hợp nguyên sinh, cũng như đóng góp của PG trong việc xây dựng bộ ba photosystem-I độc quyền ở vi khuẩn lam. Ở đây, các vai trò của những lipid axit này được thảo luận với trọng tâm vào sự đặc hiệu của chúng và sự tiến hóa của các màng quang hợp.
Từ khóa
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