Role of the CD28-B7 Costimulatory Pathways in T Cell-Dependent B Cell Responses
Tài liệu tham khảo
Arpin, 1995, Generation of memory B cells and plasma cells in vitro, Science, 268, 720, 10.1126/science.7537388
August, 1993, CD28 of T lymphocytes associates with phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, Int. Immunol., 6, 769, 10.1093/intimm/6.5.769
August, 1994, CD28 is associated with and induces the immediate tyrosine phosphorylation and activation of the Tec family kinase ITK/EMT in the human Jurkat leukemic T-cell line, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 91, 9347, 10.1073/pnas.91.20.9347
Azuma, 1993, Functional expression of B7/BB1 on activated T lymphocytes, J. Exp. Med., 177, 845, 10.1084/jem.177.3.845
Azuma, 1993, B70 antigen is a second ligand for CTLA-4 and CD28, Nature, 366, 76, 10.1038/366076a0
Banchereau, 1994, The CD40 antigen and its ligand, Annu. Rev. Immunol., 12, 881, 10.1146/annurev.iy.12.040194.004313
Berek, 1993, The maturation of the immune response, Immunol. Today, 14, 400, 10.1016/0167-5699(93)90143-9
Bluestone, 1995, New perspectives of CD28-B7-mediated T cell costimulation, Immunity, 2, 555, 10.1016/1074-7613(95)90000-4
Boussiotis, 1993, Activated human B lymphocytes express three CTLA4 binding counter-receptors which costimulate T cell activation, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 90, 11059, 10.1073/pnas.90.23.11059
Bretscher, 1970, A theory of self discrimination, Science, 169, 1042, 10.1126/science.169.3950.1042
Brunet, 1987, A new member of the immunoglobulin supergene family-CTLA4, Nature, 328, 267, 10.1038/328267a0
Caux, 1994, B70/B7-2 is identical to CD86 and is the major functional ligand for CD28 expressed on human dendritic cells, J. Exp. Med., 180, 1841, 10.1084/jem.180.5.1841
Chen, 1994, Monoclonal antibody 2D10 recognizes a novel costimulatory molecule on activated murine B lymphocytes, J. Immunol., 152, 2105
Chen, 1994, Molecular cloning and expression of early T cell costimulatory molecule-1 and its characterization as B7-2, J. Immunol., 152, 4929
Chen, 1994, In vitro induction of T cell anergy by blocking B7 and early cell costimulatory molecule ETC/B7-2, Immunity, 1, 147, 10.1016/1074-7613(94)90108-2
Chen, 1992, Costimulation of antitumor immunity by the B7 counterreceptor for the T lymphocyte molecules CD28 and CTLA-4, Cell, 71, 1093, 10.1016/S0092-8674(05)80059-5
Clark, 1994, How B and T cells talk to each other, Nature, 367, 425, 10.1038/367425a0
Corry, 1994, Differential effects of blockade of CD28-B7 on the development of Th1 or Th2 effector cells in experimental Leishmaniasis, J. Immunol., 153, 4142
Cross, 1995, Long-term inhibition of murine experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis using CTLA-4-Fc supports a key role for CD28 costimulation, J. Clin. Invest., 95, 2783, 10.1172/JCI117982
Damle, 1983, Alloantigen-speciflc cytotoxic and suppressor T lymphocytes are derived from phenotypically distinct precursors, J. Immunol., 131, 2296
Damle, 1991, Direct helper T cell-induced B cell differentiation involves interaction between T cell antigen CD28 and B cell activation antigen B7, Eur. J. Immunol., 21, 1277, 10.1002/eji.1830210527
Damle, 1994, Costimulation of T lymphocytes with integrin ligands intercellular adhesion molecule-1 or vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 induces functional expression of CTLA-4, a second receptor for B7, J. Immunol., 152, 2686
Das, 1995, Reciprocal expression of co-stimulatory molecules, B7-1 and B7-2, on murine T cells following activation, Eur. J. Immunol., 25, 207, 10.1002/eji.1830250134
de Boer, 1993, Ligation of B7 with CD28/CTLA-4 on T cells results in CD40 ligand expression, interleukin-4 secretion and efficient help for antibody production by B cells, Eur. J. Immunol., 23, 3120, 10.1002/eji.1830231212
Fink, 1994, Treatment of murine lupus with CTLA4Ig, Science, 265, 1225, 10.1126/science.7520604
Freedman, 1987, B7, a B cell-restricted antigen that identifies preactivated B cells, J. Immunol., 139, 3260
Freedman, 1991, Selective induction of B7/BB-1 on interferon-γ stimulated monocytes: A potential mechanism for amplification of T cell activation, Cell. Immunol., 137, 429, 10.1016/0008-8749(91)90091-O
Freeman, 1989, B7, a new member of the Ig superfamily with unique expression on activated and neoplasic B cells, J. Immunol., 143, 2714
Freeman, 1991, Structure, expression, and T cell costimulatory activity of the murine homologue of the human B lymphocyte activation antigen B7, J. Exp. Med., 174, 625, 10.1084/jem.174.3.625
Freeman, 1992, CTLA-4 and CD28 m RNA are coexpressed in most T cells after activation. Expression of CTLA-4 an CD28 m RNA does not correlate with the pattern of lymphokine production, J. Immunol., 149, 3795
Freeman, 1993, Uncovering of functional alternative CTLA-4 counter-receptor in B7-deficient mice, Science, 262, 907, 10.1126/science.7694362
Freeman, 1993, Cloning of B7-2: A CTLA-4 counter-receptor that costimulates human T cell proliferation, Science, 262, 909, 10.1126/science.7694363
Freeman, 1993, Murine B7-2, an alternative CTLA-4 counter-receptor that costimulates T cell proliferation and interleukin 2 production, J. Exp. Med., 178, 2185, 10.1084/jem.178.6.2185
Freeman, 1995, B7-1 and B7-2 do not deliver identical costimulatory signals, since B7-2 but not B7-1 preferentially costimulates the initial production of IL-4, Immunity, 2, 523, 10.1016/1074-7613(95)90032-2
Fuller, 1993, T cells within germinal centers are specific for the immunizing antigen, J. Immunol., 151, 4505
Galvin, 1992, Murine B7 antigen provides a sufficient costimulatory signal for antigen-specific and MHC-restricted T cell activation, J. Immunol., 149, 3802
Gimmi, 1991, B cell surface antigen B7 provides a costimulatory signal that induces T cells to proliferate and secrete interleukin 2, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 88, 6575, 10.1073/pnas.88.15.6575
Green, 1994, Absence of B7-dependent responses in CD28-deficient mice, Immunity, 1, 501, 10.1016/1074-7613(94)90092-2
Gross, 1992, Identification and distribution of the costimulatory receptor CD28 in the mouse, J. Immunol., 149, 380
Guinan, 1994, Pivotal role of the B7:CD28 pathway in transplantation tolerance and tumor immunity, Blood, 84, 3261, 10.1182/blood.V84.10.3261.3261
Haffar, 1993, Costimulation of T-cell activation and virus production by B7 antigen on activated CD4+ T cells from human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected donors, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 90, 11094, 10.1073/pnas.90.23.11094
Han, 1995, Cellular interaction in germinal centers. Roles of CD40 ligand and B7-2 in established germinal centers, J. Immunol., 155, 556
Harding, 1992, CD28-mediated signalling co-stimulates murine T cells and prevents induction of energy in T-cell clones, Nature, 356, 607, 10.1038/356607a0
Harlan, 1994, Transgenic mice expressing both B7-1 and viral glycoprotein on pancreatic beta cells along with glycoprotein-specific transgenic T cells develop diabetes due to a breakdown of T lymphocyte unresponsiveness, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 91, 3137, 10.1073/pnas.91.8.3137
Harlan, 1995, Potential roles of the B7 and CD28 receptor families in autoimmunity and immune invasion, Clin. Immunol. Immunopathol., 75, 99, 10.1006/clin.1995.1058
Harper, 1991, CTLA-4 and CD28 activated lymphocyte molecules are closely related in both mouse and human as to sequence, message expression, gene structure, and chromosomal location, J. Immunol., 147, 1037
Hathcock, 1993, Identification of an alternative CTLA-4 ligand costimulatory for T cell activation, Science, 262, 905, 10.1126/science.7694361
Hathcock, 1994, Comparative analysis of B7-1 and B7-2 costimulatory ligands: Expression and function, J. Exp. Med., 180, 631, 10.1084/jem.180.2.631
Hutchcroft, 1994, Activation-dependent phosphorylation of the T-lymphocyte surface receptor CD28 and associated proteins, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 91, 3260, 10.1073/pnas.91.8.3260
Inaba, 1994, The tissue distribution of the B7-2 costimulator in mice: Abundant expression on dendritic cells in situ and during maturation in vitro., J. Exp. Med., 180, 1849, 10.1084/jem.180.5.1849
Jacob, 1991, Intraclonal generation of antibody mutants in germinal centers, Nature, 354, 389, 10.1038/354389a0
Jacob, 1991, In situ studies of the primary immune response to (4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl)acetyl. I. The architecture and dynamics of responding cell populations, J. Exp. Med., 173, 1165, 10.1084/jem.173.5.1165
Jacob, 1992, In situ studies of the primary immune response to (4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl)-acetyl. II. A common clonal origen for PALS-associated foci and germinal centers, J. Exp. Med., 176, 679, 10.1084/jem.176.3.679
Jacob, 1992, In situ studies of the antigen-driven somatic hypermutation of immunoglobulin genes, Immunol. Cell iol., 70, 145, 10.1038/icb.1992.19
Jenkins, 1987, Antigen presentation by chemically modified splenocytes induces antigen-specific T cell unresponsiveness in vitro and in vivo., J. Exp. Med., 165, 302, 10.1084/jem.165.2.302
Jenkins, 1988, Allogeneic non-T spleen cells stimulated with antigen and chemically modified antigen-presenting cells, J. Immunol., 140, 3324
Jenkins, 1991, CD28 delivers a costimulatory signal involved in antigen-specific IL-2 production by human T cells, J. Immunol., 147, 2461
June, 1990, Role of the CD28 receptor in T cell activation, Immunol. Today, 11, 211, 10.1016/0167-5699(90)90085-N
June, 1994, The B7 and CD28 receptor families, Immunol. Today, 15, 321, 10.1016/0167-5699(94)90080-9
Kelsoe, 1994, B cell diversification and differentiation in the periphery, J. Exp. Med., 180, 5, 10.1084/jem.180.1.5
Klaus, 1994, Costimulation through CD28 enhances T cell-dependent B cell activation via CD40-CD40L interaction, J. Immunol., 152, 5643
Koulova, 1991, The CD28 ligand B7/BB1 provides costimulatory signal for alloactivation of CD4+ T cells, J. Exp. Med., 173, 759, 10.1084/jem.173.3.759
Kozbor, 1987, Tp44 molecules involved in antigen-independent T cell activation are expressed on human plasma cells, J. Immunol., 138, 4128
Krummel, 1995, CD28 and CTLA-4 have opposing effects on the response of T cells to stimulation, J. Exp. Med., 182, 459, 10.1084/jem.182.2.459
Kuchroo, 1995, B7-1 and B7-2 costimulatory molecules activate differentially the Th1/Th2 developmental pathways: Application to autoimmune disease therapy, Cell, 80, 707, 10.1016/0092-8674(95)90349-6
Kuiper, 1995, Activated T cells can induce high levels of CTLA-4 expression on B cells, J. Immunol., 155, 1776
Lane, 1994, B cell function in mice transgenic for m CTLA4-Hγ1: Lack of germinal centers correlated with poor affinity maturation and class switching despite normal primung of CD4+ T cells, J. Exp. Med., 179, 819, 10.1084/jem.179.3.819
Lanier, 1995, CD80 (B7) and CD86 (B70) provide similar costimulatory signals for T cell proliferation, cytokine production, and generation of CTL, J. Immunol., 154, 97
Larsen, 1992, Functional expression of the costimulatory molecule, B7/BB1 on murine dendritic cell populations, J. Exp. Med., 176, 1215, 10.1084/jem.176.4.1215
Larsen, 1994, Regulation of immunostimulatory function and costimulatory function molecule (B7-1 and B7-2) expression on murine dendritic cells, J. Immunol., 152, 5208
Ledbetter, 1985, Antibodies to Tp67 and Tp44 augment and sustain proliferative responses of activated T cells, J. Immunol., 135, 2331
Ledbetter, 1986, Antibody binding to CD5 (Tp67) and Tp44 T cell surface molecules: Effects on cyclic nucleotides, cytoplasmic free calcium, and c AMP-mediated suppression, J. Immunol., 137, 3299
Ledbetter, 1990, CD28 ligation in T-cell activation: Evidence for two signal transduction pathways, Blood, 75, 1531, 10.1182/blood.V75.7.1531.1531
Ledbetter, 1992, CD28 receptor crosslinking induces tyrosine phosphorylation of PLCγ1, 323, 23
Lenschow, 1992, Long-term survival of xenogeneic pancreatic islet grafts induced by CTLA4Ig, Science, 257, 789, 10.1126/science.1323143
Lenschow, 1993, Expression and functional significance of an additional ligand for CTLA-4, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 90, 11054, 10.1073/pnas.90.23.11054
Lenschow, 1994, Differential up-regulation of B7-1 and B7-2 costimulatory molecules after Ig receptor engagement by antigen, J. Immunol., 153, 1990
Lenschow, 1995, Differential effects of anti-B7-1 and anti-B7-2 monoclonal antibody treatment on the development of diabetes in the nonobese diabetic mouse, J. Exp. Med., 181, 1145, 10.1084/jem.181.3.1145
Levine, 1995, CD28 ligands CD80 (B7-1) and CD86 (B7-2) induce long-term autocrine growth of CD4+ T cells and induce similar patterns of cytokine secretion in vitro., Int. Immunol., 7, 891, 10.1093/intimm/7.6.891
Lin, 1993, Long-term acceptance of major histocompatibility complex mismatched cardiac allografts induced by CTLA4Ig plus donor-specific transfusion, J. Exp. Med., 178, 1801, 10.1084/jem.178.5.1801
Lindsten, 1993, Characterization of CTLA-4 structure and expression on human T cells, J. Immunol., 151, 3489
Linsley, 1990, The cell antigen, CD28, mediates adhesion with B cells by interacting with the activation antigen, B7/BB-1, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 87, 5031, 10.1073/pnas.87.13.5031
Linsley, 1991, Binding of the B cell activation antigen B7 to CD28 costimulates T cell proliferation and interleukin-2 m RNA accumulation, J. Exp. Med., 173, 721, 10.1084/jem.173.3.721
Linsley, 1991, CTLA-4 is a second receptor for the B cell activation antigen B7, J. Exp. Med., 174, 561, 10.1084/jem.174.3.561
Linsley, 1992, Coexpression and functional cooperation of CTLA-4 and CD28 on activated T lymphocytes, J. Exp. Med., 176, 1595, 10.1084/jem.176.6.1595
Linsley, 1992, Immunosuppression in vivo by a soluble form of the CTLA-4 T cell activation molecule, Science, 257, 792, 10.1126/science.1496399
Linsley, 1994, Human B7-1 (CD80) and B7-2 (CD86) bind with similar avidities but distinct kinetics to CD28 and CTLA-4 receptors, Immunity, 1, 793, 10.1016/S1074-7613(94)80021-9
Linsley, 1993, The role of the CD28 receptor during T cell responses to antigen, Annu. Rev. Immunol., 11, 191, 10.1146/annurev.iy.11.040193.001203
Linsley, 1995, Distinct roles for CD28 and cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated molecule-4 receptors during T cell activation, J. Exp. Med., 182, 289, 10.1084/jem.182.2.289
Liu, 1991, Sites of specific B cell activation in primary and secondary responses to T cell-dependent and T cell-independent antigens, Eur. J. Immunol., 21, 2951, 10.1002/eji.1830211209
Lu, 1992, CD28-induced T cell activation. Evidence for a protein-tyrosine kinase signal transduction pathway, J. Immunol., 149, 24
Lum, 1982, In vitro regulation of immunoglobulin synthesis by T-cell subpopulations defined by a new human T-cell antigen (9.3), Cell. Immunol., 72, 122, 10.1016/0008-8749(82)90289-1
Mac Lennan, 1994, Germinal Centers, Annu. Rev. Immunol., 12, 117, 10.1146/annurev.iy.12.040194.001001
Mc Arthur, 1993, CD28-induced costimulation of T helper type 2 cells mediated by induction of responsiveness to interleukin 4, J. Exp. Med., 178, 1645, 10.1084/jem.178.5.1645
Mc Heyzer-Williams, 1993, Antigen-driven B cell differentiation in vivo, J. Exp. Med., 175, 295, 10.1084/jem.178.1.295
Miller, 1994, Lack of B7-2 expression in the germinal centers of aged mice, Aging Immunol. Infect. Dis., 5, 249
Miller, 1995, Ig VH hypermutation is absent in the germinal centers of aged mice, J. Immunol., 155, 3377
Muraille, 1995, Activation of murine T cells by bacterial superantigens requires B7-mediated costimulation, Cell. Immunol., 162, 315, 10.1006/cimm.1995.1084
Nabavi, 1992, Signalling through the MHC class II cytoplasmic domain is required for antigen presentation and induces B7 expression, Nature, 360, 266, 10.1038/360266a0
Nandi, 1994, CD28-mediated costimulation is necessary for optimal proliferation of murine NK cells, J. Immunol., 152, 3361
Nozawa, 1993, A novel monoclonal antibody (FUN-1) identifies an activation antigen in cells of the B-cell lineage and Reed-Sternberg cells, J. Pathol., 169, 309, 10.1002/path.1711690306
Nunes, 1991, Dissociation between early and late events in T cell activation mediated through CD28 surface molecule, Mol. Immunol., 28, 427, 10.1016/0161-5890(91)90156-E
Nunes, 1993, Signalling through CD28 T-cell activation pathway involves an inositol phospholipid-speciflc phospholipase C activity, Biochem. J., 293, 835, 10.1042/bj2930835
Pages, 1994, Binding of phosphatidyl-inositol-3-OH kinase to CD28 is required for T-cell signalling, Nature (London), 369, 327, 10.1038/369327a0
Pearson, 1994, Transplantation tolerance induced by CTLA4-Ig, Transplantation, 57, 1701, 10.1097/00007890-199457120-00002
Prasad, 1994, T-cell antigen CD28 interacts with the lipid kinase phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase by a cytoplasmic Tyr(P)-Met-Xaa-Met motif, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 91, 2834, 10.1073/pnas.91.7.2834
Ranheim, 1993, Activated T cells induce expression of B7/BB1 on normal or leukemic B cells through a CD40-dependent signal, J. Exp. Med., 177, 925, 10.1084/jem.177.4.925
Razi-Wolf, 1992, Expression and function of the murine B7 antigen, the major costimulatory molecule expressed by peritoneal exudate cells, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 89, 4210, 10.1073/pnas.89.9.4210
Reiser, 1992, Murine B7 antigen provides an efficient costimulatory signal for activation of murine lymphocytes via the T-cell receptor/CD3 complex, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 89, 271, 10.1073/pnas.89.1.271
Robey, 1995, T-cell activation: Integration of signals from the antigen receptor and costimulatory molecules, Immunol. Today, 16, 306, 10.1016/0167-5699(95)80140-5
Ronchese, 1994, Mice transgenic for a soluble form of murine CTLA-4 show enhanced expansion of antigen-specific CD4+ T cells and defective antibody production in vivo, J. Exp. Med., 179, 809, 10.1084/jem.179.3.809
Roy, 1995, Studies on the interdependence of gp39 and B7 expression and function during antigen-specific immune responses, Eur. J. Immunol., 25, 596, 10.1002/eji.1830250243
Sansom, 1993, B7/BB1, the ligand for CD28, is expressed on repeatedly activated human T cells in vitro., Eur. J. Immunol., 23, 295, 10.1002/eji.1830230148
Sayegh, 1995, CD28-B7 blockade after alloantigenic challenge in vivo inhibits Th1 cytokines but spares Th2, J. Exp. Med., 181, 1869, 10.1084/jem.181.5.1869
Schneider, 1995, CTLA-4 binding to the lipid kinase phosphatidyl-inositol 3-kinase in T cells, J. Exp. Med., 181, 351, 10.1084/jem.181.1.351
Schwartz, 1992, Costimulation of T lymphocytes: The role of CD28, CTLA-4, and B7/BB1 in interleukin-2 production and immunotherapy, Cell, 71, 1065, 10.1016/S0092-8674(05)80055-8
Seder, 1994, Acquisition of lymphokine-producing phenotype by CD4+ T cells, Annu. Rev. Immunol., 12, 635, 10.1146/annurev.iy.12.040194.003223
Sethna, 1994, A negative regulatory function of B7 revealed in B7-1 transgenic mice, Immunity, 1, 415, 10.1016/1074-7613(94)90072-8
Shahinian, 1993, Differential T cell costimulatory requirements in CD28-deficient mice, Science, 261, 609, 10.1126/science.7688139
Snapper, 1993, Immunoglobulin class switching, 837
Snow, 1993, The role of direct cellular communication during the development of a humoral immune response, Adv. Cancer Res., 62, 241, 10.1016/S0065-230X(08)60320-6
Stack, 1994, IL-4 treatment of small splenic B cells induces costimulatory molecules B7-1 and B7-2, J. Immunol., 152, 5723
Stein, 1994, The cytoplasmic domain of CD28 is both necessary and sufficient for costimulation of interleukin-2 secretion and association with phosphatidylinositol 3' kinase, Mol. Cell. Biol., 14, 3392, 10.1128/MCB.14.5.3392
Tan, 1993, Induction of alloantigen-specific hypresonsiveness in human T lymphocytes by blocking interaction of CD28 with its natural ligand B7/BB1, J. Exp. Med., 177, 165, 10.1084/jem.177.1.165
Tew, 1990, Follicular dendritic cells as accessory cells, Immunol. Rev., 117, 185, 10.1111/j.1600-065X.1990.tb00573.x
Thompson, 1989, CD28 activation pathway regulates the production of multiple T-cell-derived lymphokines/cytokines, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 86, 1333, 10.1073/pnas.86.4.1333
Thompson, 1995, Distinct roles for the costimulatory ligands B7-1 and B7-2 in T helper cell differentiation, Cell, 81, 979, 10.1016/S0092-8674(05)80001-7
Townsend, 1993, Tumor rejection after direct costimulation of CD8+ T cells by B7-transfected melanoma cells, Science, 259, 368, 10.1126/science.7678351
Truitt, 1994, Stimulation of CD28 triggers an association between CD28 and phophatidylinositol 3-kinase in Jurkat cells, J. Exp. Med., 179, 1071, 10.1084/jem.179.3.1071
Turka, 1992, T-cell activation by the CD28 ligand B7 is required for cardiac allograft rejection in vivo., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 89, 11102, 10.1073/pnas.89.22.11102
Valle, 1990, Mab 104 a new monoclonal antibody, recognizes the B7 antigen which is expressed on activated B cells and HTLV-1 transformed T cells, Immunology, 69, 531
Valle, 1991, IL-4 and IL-2 upregulate the expression of antigen B7, the B cell counterstructure to T cell CD28: An amplification mechanism for T-B cell interactions, Int. Immunol., 3, 229, 10.1093/intimm/3.3.229
Vandenberghe, 1992, Antibody and B7/BB1- mediated ligation of the CD28 receptor induces tyrosine phosphorylation in human T cells, J. Exp. Med., 175, 951, 10.1084/jem.175.4.951
Vandenberghe, 1993, In situ expression of B7-BB1 on antigen presenting cells and activated B cells: An immunohistochemical study, Int. Immunol., 5, 317, 10.1093/intimm/5.3.317
Van den Eertwegh, 1994, In vivo CD40-gp39 interactions are essential for thymus-dependent humoral immunity. I. In vivo expression of CD40 ligand, cytokines, and antibody production delineates sites of cognate T—B cell interactions, J. Exp. Med., 178, 1555, 10.1084/jem.178.5.1555
Van Gool, 1994, The combination of anti-B7 monoclonal antibody and Cyclosporin A induces alloantigen-specific anergy during a primary mixed lymphocyte reaction, J. Exp. Med., 179, 715, 10.1084/jem.179.2.715
Wallace, 1995, Induction and reversal of long-lived specific unresponsiveness to a T-dependent antigen following CTLA4Ig treatment, J. Immunol., 154, 5885
Walunas, 1994, CTLA-4 can function as a negative regulator of T cell activation, Immunity, 1, 405, 10.1016/1074-7613(94)90071-X
Ward, 1993, Ligation of CD28 receptor by B7 induces formation of D-3 phosphotides in T lymphocytes independently of T cell receptor activation, Eur. J. Immunol., 23, 2572, 10.1002/eji.1830231029
Weiss, 1986, Synergy between the T3/antigen receptor complex and Tp44 in the activation of human T cells, J. Immunol., 137, 819
Yang, 1995, Antitumor immunity elicited by tumor cells transfected with B7-2, a second ligand for CD28/CTLA-4 costimulatory molecules, J. Immunol., 154, 2794
Yokochi, 1982, B lymphoblast antigen (BB-1) expressed on Epstein-Barr virus-activated B cell blasts, B lymphoblastoid cell lines, and Burkitt's lymphomas, J. Immunol., 128, 823
Zheng, 1994, Locus-specific somatic hypermutation in germinal centre T cells, Nature, 372, 556, 10.1038/372556a0
