Role of somatic cancer mutations in human protein lysine methyltransferases

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Reviews on Cancer - Tập 1846 Số 2 - Trang 366-379 - 2014
Srikanth Kudithipudi1, Albert Jeltsch1
1Institute of Biochemistry, Stuttgart University, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany

Tóm tắt

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

Kouzarides, 2007, Chromatin modifications and their function, Cell, 128, 693, 10.1016/j.cell.2007.02.005

Margueron, 2010, Chromatin structure and the inheritance of epigenetic information, Nat. Rev. Genet., 11, 285, 10.1038/nrg2752

Bannister, 2011, Regulation of chromatin by histone modifications, Cell Res., 21, 381, 10.1038/cr.2011.22

Tan, 2011, Identification of 67 histone marks and histone lysine crotonylation as a new type of histone modification, Cell, 146, 1016, 10.1016/j.cell.2011.08.008

Jurkowska, 2011, Structure and function of mammalian DNA methyltransferases, Chembiochem, 12, 206, 10.1002/cbic.201000195

Jeltsch, 2014, New concepts in DNA methylation, Trends Biochem. Sci., 39, 310, 10.1016/j.tibs.2014.05.002

Dawson, 2012, Cancer epigenetics: from mechanism to therapy, Cell, 150, 12, 10.1016/j.cell.2012.06.013

Chi, 2010, Covalent histone modifications–miswritten, misinterpreted and mis-erased in human cancers, Nat. Rev. Cancer, 10, 457, 10.1038/nrc2876

Bonasio, 2010, Molecular signals of epigenetic states, Science, 330, 612, 10.1126/science.1191078

Rothbart, 2014, Interpreting the language of histone and DNA modifications, Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 1839, 627, 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2014.03.001

Cheng, 2005, Structural and sequence motifs of protein (histone) methylation enzymes, Annu. Rev. Biophys. Biomol. Struct., 34, 267, 10.1146/annurev.biophys.34.040204.144452

Del Rizzo, 2014, Molecular basis for substrate recognition by lysine methyltransferases and demethylases, Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2014.06.008

Cui, 2009, Chromatin signatures in multipotent human hematopoietic stem cells indicate the fate of bivalent genes during differentiation, Cell Stem Cell, 4, 80, 10.1016/j.stem.2008.11.011

Voigt, 2013, A double take on bivalent promoters, Genes Dev., 27, 1318, 10.1101/gad.219626.113

Klose, 2007, Regulation of histone methylation by demethylimination and demethylation, Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol., 8, 307, 10.1038/nrm2143

Tian, 2013, Histone lysine-specific methyltransferases and demethylases in carcinogenesis: new targets for cancer therapy and prevention, Curr. Cancer Drug Targets, 13, 558, 10.2174/1568009611313050007

Thinnes, 2014, Targeting histone lysine demethylases — progress, challenges, and the future, Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2014.05.009

Wong, 2011, Unraveling the genetics of cancer: genome sequencing and beyond, Annu. Rev. Genomics Hum. Genet., 12, 407, 10.1146/annurev-genom-082509-141532

Baylin, 2011, A decade of exploring the cancer epigenome — biological and translational implications, Nat. Rev. Cancer, 11, 726, 10.1038/nrc3130

Suva, 2013, Epigenetic reprogramming in cancer, Science, 339, 1567, 10.1126/science.1230184

Bergman, 2013, DNA methylation dynamics in health and disease, Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol., 20, 274, 10.1038/nsmb.2518

Watson, 2013, Emerging patterns of somatic mutations in cancer, Nat. Rev. Genet., 14, 703, 10.1038/nrg3539

Forbes, 2011, COSMIC: mining complete cancer genomes in the Catalogue of Somatic Mutations in Cancer, Nucleic Acids Res., 39, D945, 10.1093/nar/gkq929

Greer, 2012, Histone methylation: a dynamic mark in health, disease and inheritance, Nat. Rev. Genet., 13, 343, 10.1038/nrg3173

Yoo, 2006, Epigenetic therapy of cancer: past, present and future, Nat. Rev. Drug. Discov., 5, 37, 10.1038/nrd1930

Kim, 2013, A DNMT3A mutation common in AML exhibits dominant-negative effects in murine ES cells, Blood, 122, 4086, 10.1182/blood-2013-02-483487

Russler-Germain, 2014, The R882H DNMT3A mutation associated with AML dominantly inhibits wild-type DNMT3A by blocking its ability to form active tetramers, Cancer Cell, 25, 442, 10.1016/j.ccr.2014.02.010

Ko, 2010, Impaired hydroxylation of 5-methylcytosine in myeloid cancers with mutant TET2, Nature, 468, 839, 10.1038/nature09586

Tefferi, 2009, Mutation in TET2 in myeloid cancers, N. Engl. J. Med., 361, 1117, 10.1056/NEJMc091348

Chan, 2013, Role of DNMT3A, TET2, and IDH1/2 mutations in pre-leukemic stem cells in acute myeloid leukemia, Int. J. Hematol., 98, 648, 10.1007/s12185-013-1407-8

Yan, 2009, IDH1 and IDH2 mutations in gliomas, N. Engl. J. Med., 360, 765, 10.1056/NEJMoa0808710

Dang, 2009, Cancer-associated IDH1 mutations produce 2-hydroxyglutarate, Nature, 462, 739, 10.1038/nature08617

Ito, 2010, Role of TET proteins in 5mC to 5hmC conversion ES-cell self-renewal and inner cell mass specification, Nature, 466, 1129, 10.1038/nature09303

Tahiliani, 2009, Conversion of 5-methylcytosine to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine in mammalian DNA by MLL partner TET1, Science, 324, 930, 10.1126/science.1170116

Xu, 2011, Oncometabolite 2-hydroxyglutarate is a competitive inhibitor of alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases, Cancer Cell, 19, 17, 10.1016/j.ccr.2010.12.014

Figueroa, 2010, Leukemic IDH1 and IDH2 mutations result in a hypermethylation phenotype, disrupt TET2 function, and impair hematopoietic differentiation, Cancer Cell, 18, 553, 10.1016/j.ccr.2010.11.015

Hohmann, 2014, A rationale to target the SWI/SNF complex for cancer therapy, Trends Genet., 30, 356, 10.1016/j.tig.2014.05.001

Rathert, 2008, Protein lysine methyltransferase G9a acts on non-histone targets, Nat. Chem. Biol., 4, 344, 10.1038/nchembio.88

Dhayalan, 2011, Specificity analysis-based identification of new methylation targets of the SET7/9 protein lysine methyltransferase, Chem. Biol., 18, 111, 10.1016/j.chembiol.2010.11.014

Clarke, 2013, Protein methylation at the surface and buried deep: thinking outside the histone box, Trends Biochem. Sci., 38, 243, 10.1016/j.tibs.2013.02.004

Lanouette, 2014, The functional diversity of protein lysine methylation, Mol. Syst. Biol., 10, 724, 10.1002/msb.134974

Moore, 2014, An unexpected journey: lysine methylation across the proteome, Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2014.02.008

Muller, 2006, Polycomb response elements and targeting of Polycomb group proteins in Drosophila, Curr. Opin. Genet. Dev., 16, 476, 10.1016/j.gde.2006.08.005

Margueron, 2011, The Polycomb complex PRC2 and its mark in life, Nature, 469, 343, 10.1038/nature09784

Cao, 2004, The functions of E(Z)/EZH2-mediated methylation of lysine 27 in histone H3, Curr. Opin. Genet. Dev., 14, 155, 10.1016/j.gde.2004.02.001

Margueron, 2008, Ezh1 and Ezh2 maintain repressive chromatin through different mechanisms, Mol. Cell, 32, 503, 10.1016/j.molcel.2008.11.004

Simon, 2008, Roles of the EZH2 histone methyltransferase in cancer epigenetics, Mutat. Res., 647, 21, 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2008.07.010

McCabe, 2012, EZH2 inhibition as a therapeutic strategy for lymphoma with EZH2-activating mutations, Nature, 492, 108, 10.1038/nature11606

Ntziachristos, 2012, Genetic inactivation of the polycomb repressive complex 2 in T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia, Nat. Med., 18, 298, 10.1038/nm.2651

He, 2012, PRC2 directly methylates GATA4 and represses its transcriptional activity, Genes Dev., 26, 37, 10.1101/gad.173930.111

Lee, 2012, EZH2 generates a methyl degron that is recognized by the DCAF1/DDB1/CUL4 E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, Mol. Cell, 48, 572, 10.1016/j.molcel.2012.09.004

Morin, 2010, Somatic mutations altering EZH2 (Tyr641) in follicular and diffuse large B-cell lymphomas of germinal-center origin, Nat. Genet., 42, 181, 10.1038/ng.518

Ryan, 2011, EZH2 codon 641 mutations are common in BCL2-rearranged germinal center B cell lymphomas, PLoS ONE, 6, e28585, 10.1371/journal.pone.0028585

Sneeringer, 2010, Coordinated activities of wild-type plus mutant EZH2 drive tumor-associated hypertrimethylation of lysine 27 on histone H3 (H3K27) in human B-cell lymphomas, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., 107, 20980, 10.1073/pnas.1012525107

Collins, 2005, In vitro and in vivo analyses of a Phe/Tyr switch controlling product specificity of histone lysine methyltransferases, J. Biol. Chem., 280, 5563, 10.1074/jbc.M410483200

Yap, 2011, Somatic mutations at EZH2 Y641 act dominantly through a mechanism of selectively altered PRC2 catalytic activity, to increase H3K27 trimethylation, Blood, 117, 2451, 10.1182/blood-2010-11-321208

McCabe, 2012, Mutation of A677 in histone methyltransferase EZH2 in human B-cell lymphoma promotes hypertrimethylation of histone H3 on lysine 27 (H3K27), Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., 109, 2989, 10.1073/pnas.1116418109

Knutson, 2012, A selective inhibitor of EZH2 blocks H3K27 methylation and kills mutant lymphoma cells, Nat. Chem. Biol., 8, 890, 10.1038/nchembio.1084

Huether, 2014, The landscape of somatic mutations in epigenetic regulators across 1,000 paediatric cancer genomes, Nat. Commun., 5, 3630, 10.1038/ncomms4630

Ansari, 2009, MLL histone methylases in gene expression, hormone signaling and cell cycle, Front. Biosci. (Landmark Ed), 14, 3483, 10.2741/3466

Bogershausen, 2013, Skirting the pitfalls: a clear-cut nomenclature for H3K4 methyltransferases, Clin. Genet., 83, 212, 10.1111/cge.12050

Cheng, 2014, A role for H3K4 monomethylation in gene repression and partitioning of chromatin readers, Mol. Cell, 53, 979, 10.1016/j.molcel.2014.02.032

Sebastian, 2009, MLL5, a trithorax homolog, indirectly regulates H3K4 methylation, represses cyclin A2 expression, and promotes myogenic differentiation, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., 106, 4719, 10.1073/pnas.0807136106

Southall, 2009, Structural basis for the requirement of additional factors for MLL1 SET domain activity and recognition of epigenetic marks, Mol. Cell, 33, 181, 10.1016/j.molcel.2008.12.029

Wang, 2009, Global analysis of H3K4 methylation defines MLL family member targets and points to a role for MLL1-mediated H3K4 methylation in the regulation of transcriptional initiation by RNA polymerase II, Mol. Cell. Biol., 29, 6074, 10.1128/MCB.00924-09

Daser, 2005, The versatile mixed lineage leukaemia gene MLL and its many associations in leukaemogenesis, Semin. Cancer Biol., 15, 175, 10.1016/j.semcancer.2005.01.007

Krivtsov, 2007, MLL translocations, histone modifications and leukaemia stem-cell development, Nat. Rev. Cancer, 7, 823, 10.1038/nrc2253

Anglin, 2013, A medicinal chemistry perspective for targeting histone H3 lysine-79 methyltransferase DOT1L, J. Med. Chem., 56, 8972, 10.1021/jm4007752

Muntean, 2012, The pathogenesis of mixed-lineage leukemia, Annu. Rev. Pathol., 7, 283, 10.1146/annurev-pathol-011811-132434

Ansari, 2013, Histone methylase MLL1 has critical roles in tumor growth and angiogenesis and its knockdown suppresses tumor growth in vivo, Oncogene, 32, 3359, 10.1038/onc.2012.352

Ruault, 2002, MLL3, a new human member of the TRX/MLL gene family, maps to 7q36, a chromosome region frequently deleted in myeloid leukaemia, Gene, 284, 73, 10.1016/S0378-1119(02)00392-X

Lee, 2009, A tumor suppressive coactivator complex of p53 containing ASC-2 and histone H3-lysine-4 methyltransferase MLL3 or its paralogue MLL4, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., 106, 8513, 10.1073/pnas.0902873106

Wang, 2011, Somatic mutations of the mixed-lineage leukemia 3 (MLL3) gene in primary breast cancers, Pathol. Oncol. Res., 17, 429, 10.1007/s12253-010-9316-0

Watanabe, 2011, Frequent alteration of MLL3 frameshift mutations in microsatellite deficient colorectal cancer, PLoS ONE, 6, e23320, 10.1371/journal.pone.0023320

Balakrishnan, 2007, Novel somatic and germline mutations in cancer candidate genes in glioblastoma, melanoma, and pancreatic carcinoma, Cancer Res., 67, 3545, 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-07-0065

Sjoblom, 2006, The consensus coding sequences of human breast and colorectal cancers, Science, 314, 268, 10.1126/science.1133427

Green, 2013, Hierarchy in somatic mutations arising during genomic evolution and progression of follicular lymphoma, Blood, 121, 1604, 10.1182/blood-2012-09-457283

Parsons, 2011, The genetic landscape of the childhood cancer medulloblastoma, Science, 331, 435, 10.1126/science.1198056

Singer, 1998, Identification of high-copy disruptors of telomeric silencing in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Genetics, 150, 613, 10.1093/genetics/150.2.613

van Leeuwen, 2002, Dot1p modulates silencing in yeast by methylation of the nucleosome core, Cell, 109, 745, 10.1016/S0092-8674(02)00759-6

Lacoste, 2002, Disruptor of telomeric silencing-1 is a chromatin-specific histone H3 methyltransferase, J. Biol. Chem., 277, 30421, 10.1074/jbc.C200366200

Feng, 2002, Methylation of H3-lysine 79 is mediated by a new family of HMTases without a SET domain, Curr. Biol., 12, 1052, 10.1016/S0960-9822(02)00901-6

Min, 2003, Structure of the catalytic domain of human DOT1L, a non-SET domain nucleosomal histone methyltransferase, Cell, 112, 711, 10.1016/S0092-8674(03)00114-4

Schubert, 2003, Many paths to methyltransfer: a chronicle of convergence, Trends Biochem. Sci., 28, 329, 10.1016/S0968-0004(03)00090-2

Kernstock, 2012, Lysine methylation of VCP by a member of a novel human protein methyltransferase family, Nat. Commun., 3, 1038, 10.1038/ncomms2041

Frederiks, 2008, Nonprocessive methylation by Dot1 leads to functional redundancy of histone H3K79 methylation states, Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol., 15, 550, 10.1038/nsmb.1432

Nguyen, 2011, The diverse functions of Dot1 and H3K79 methylation, Genes Dev., 25, 1345, 10.1101/gad.2057811

Steger, 2008, DOT1L/KMT4 recruitment and H3K79 methylation are ubiquitously coupled with gene transcription in mammalian cells, Mol. Cell. Biol., 28, 2825, 10.1128/MCB.02076-07

Jones, 2008, The histone H3K79 methyltransferase Dot1L is essential for mammalian development and heterochromatin structure, PLoS Genet., 4, e1000190, 10.1371/journal.pgen.1000190

Okada, 2005, hDOT1L links histone methylation to leukemogenesis, Cell, 121, 167, 10.1016/j.cell.2005.02.020

Chen, 2013, Abrogation of MLL-AF10 and CALM-AF10-mediated transformation through genetic inactivation or pharmacological inhibition of the H3K79 methyltransferase Dot1l, Leukemia, 27, 813, 10.1038/leu.2012.327

Daigle, 2011, Selective killing of mixed lineage leukemia cells by a potent small-molecule DOT1L inhibitor, Cancer Cell, 20, 53, 10.1016/j.ccr.2011.06.009

Travers, 2011, Epigenetics: targeting leukemia on the DOT, Nat. Chem. Biol., 7, 663, 10.1038/nchembio.661

Bernt, 2011, MLL-rearranged leukemia is dependent on aberrant H3K79 methylation by DOT1L, Cancer Cell, 20, 66, 10.1016/j.ccr.2011.06.010

Kim, 2012, Deficiency of H3K79 histone methyltransferase Dot1-like protein (DOT1L) inhibits cell proliferation, J. Biol. Chem., 287, 5588, 10.1074/jbc.M111.328138

Rega, 2001, Identification of the full-length huntingtin-interacting protein p231HBP/HYPB as a DNA-binding factor, Mol. Cell. Neurosci., 18, 68, 10.1006/mcne.2001.1004

Sun, 2005, Identification and characterization of a novel human histone H3 lysine 36-specific methyltransferase, J. Biol. Chem., 280, 35261, 10.1074/jbc.M504012200

Wagner, 2012, Understanding the language of Lys36 methylation at histone, Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol., 13, 115, 10.1038/nrm3274

Edmunds, 2008, Dynamic histone H3 methylation during gene induction: HYPB/Setd2 mediates all H3K36 trimethylation, EMBO J., 27, 406, 10.1038/sj.emboj.7601967

Xie, 2008, Histone methyltransferase protein SETD2 interacts with p53 and selectively regulates its downstream genes, Cell. Signal., 20, 1671, 10.1016/j.cellsig.2008.05.012

Al Sarakbi, 2009, The mRNA expression of SETD2 in human breast cancer: correlation with clinico-pathological parameters, BMC Cancer, 9, 290, 10.1186/1471-2407-9-290

Newbold, 2010, Evidence for a tumour suppressor function of SETD2 in human breast cancer: a new hypothesis, Anticancer Res., 30, 3309

Fontebasso, 2013, Mutations in SETD2 and genes affecting histone H3K36 methylation target hemispheric high-grade gliomas, Acta Neuropathol., 125, 659, 10.1007/s00401-013-1095-8

Mar, 2014, Mutations in epigenetic regulators including SETD2 are gained during relapse in paediatric acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, Nat. Commun., 5, 3469, 10.1038/ncomms4469

Zhu, 2014, Identification of functional cooperative mutations of SETD2 in human acute leukemia, Nat. Genet., 46, 287, 10.1038/ng.2894

Duns, 2010, Histone methyltransferase gene SETD2 is a novel tumor suppressor gene in clear cell renal cell carcinoma, Cancer Res., 70, 4287, 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-10-0120

Rayasam, 2003, NSD1 is essential for early post-implantation development and has a catalytically active SET domain, EMBO J., 22, 3153, 10.1093/emboj/cdg288

Huang, 1998, The PR domain of the Rb-binding zinc finger protein RIZ1 is a protein binding interface and is related to the SET domain functioning in chromatin-mediated gene expression, J. Biol. Chem., 273, 15933, 10.1074/jbc.273.26.15933

Lucio-Eterovic, 2010, Role for the nuclear receptor-binding SET domain protein 1 (NSD1) methyltransferase in coordinating lysine 36 methylation at histone 3 with RNA polymerase II function, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., 107, 16952, 10.1073/pnas.1002653107

Stec, 1998, WHSC1, a 90kb SET domain-containing gene, expressed in early development and homologous to a Drosophila dysmorphy gene maps in the Wolf–Hirschhorn syndrome critical region and is fused to IgH in t(4;14) multiple myeloma, Hum. Mol. Genet., 7, 1071, 10.1093/hmg/7.7.1071

Chesi, 1998, The t(4;14) translocation in myeloma dysregulates both FGFR3 and a novel gene MMSET, resulting in IgH/MMSET hybrid transcripts, Blood, 92, 3025, 10.1182/blood.V92.9.3025

Angrand, 2001, NSD3, a new SET domain-containing gene, maps to 8p12 and is amplified in human breast cancer cell lines, Genomics, 74, 79, 10.1006/geno.2001.6524

Kim, 2006, Characterization of a novel WHSC1-associated SET domain protein with H3K4 and H3K27 methyltransferase activity, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 345, 318, 10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.04.095

Marango, 2008, The MMSET protein is a histone methyltransferase with characteristics of a transcriptional corepressor, Blood, 111, 3145, 10.1182/blood-2007-06-092122

Kang, 2009, The histone methyltransferase, NSD2, enhances androgen receptor-mediated transcription, FEBS Lett., 583, 1880, 10.1016/j.febslet.2009.05.038

Li, 2009, The target of the NSD family of histone lysine methyltransferases depends on the nature of the substrate, J. Biol. Chem., 284, 34283, 10.1074/jbc.M109.034462

Pei, 2011, MMSET regulates histone H4K20 methylation and 53BP1 accumulation at DNA damage sites, Nature, 470, 124, 10.1038/nature09658

Kuo, 2011, NSD2 links dimethylation of histone H3 at lysine 36 to oncogenic programming, Mol. Cell, 44, 609, 10.1016/j.molcel.2011.08.042

Kudithipudi, 2014, Substrate specificity analysis and novel substrates of the protein lysine methyltransferase NSD1, Chem. Biol., 21, 226, 10.1016/j.chembiol.2013.10.016

Douglas, 2003, NSD1 mutations are the major cause of Sotos syndrome and occur in some cases of Weaver syndrome but are rare in other overgrowth phenotypes, Am. J. Hum. Genet., 72, 132, 10.1086/345647

Nimura, 2009, A histone H3 lysine 36 trimethyltransferase links Nkx2-5 to Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome, Nature, 460, 287, 10.1038/nature08086

Morishita, 2011, Cancers and the NSD family of histone lysine methyltransferases, Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 1816, 158

Hudlebusch, 2011, MMSET is highly expressed and associated with aggressiveness in neuroblastoma, Cancer Res., 71, 4226, 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-10-3810

Jaffe, 2013, Global chromatin profiling reveals NSD2 mutations in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia, Nat. Genet., 45, 1386, 10.1038/ng.2777

Wang, 2007, NUP98-NSD1 links H3K36 methylation to Hox-A gene activation and leukaemogenesis, Nat. Cell Biol., 9, 804, 10.1038/ncb1608

Oyer, 2014, Point mutation E1099K in MMSET/NSD2 enhances its methyltranferase activity and leads to altered global chromatin methylation in lymphoid malignancies, Leukemia, 28, 198, 10.1038/leu.2013.204

Wu, 2011, Biochemical characterization of human SET and MYND domain-containing protein 2 methyltransferase, Biochemistry, 50, 6488, 10.1021/bi200725p

Tan, 2006, SmyD1, a histone methyltransferase, is required for myofibril organization and muscle contraction in zebrafish embryos, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., 103, 2713, 10.1073/pnas.0509503103

Hamamoto, 2004, SMYD3 encodes a histone methyltransferase involved in the proliferation of cancer cells, Nat. Cell Biol., 6, 731, 10.1038/ncb1151

Brown, 2006, Identification and characterization of Smyd2: a split SET/MYND domain-containing histone H3 lysine 36-specific methyltransferase that interacts with the Sin3 histone deacetylase complex, Mol. Cancer, 5, 26, 10.1186/1476-4598-5-26

Abu-Farha, 2008, The tale of two domains: proteomics and genomics analysis of SMYD2, a new histone methyltransferase, Mol. Cell. Proteomics, 7, 560, 10.1074/mcp.M700271-MCP200

Zhang, 2013, Regulation of estrogen receptor alpha by histone methyltransferase SMYD2-mediated protein methylation, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., 110, 17284, 10.1073/pnas.1307959110

Huang, 2006, Repression of p53 activity by Smyd2-mediated methylation, Nature, 444, 629, 10.1038/nature05287

Saddic, 2010, Methylation of the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor by SMYD2, J. Biol. Chem., 285, 37733, 10.1074/jbc.M110.137612

Cho, 2012, RB1 methylation by SMYD2 enhances cell cycle progression through an increase of RB1 phosphorylation, Neoplasia, 14, 476, 10.1593/neo.12656

Sakamoto, 2014, SMYD2 is highly expressed in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia and constitutes a bad prognostic factor, Leuk. Res., 38, 496, 10.1016/j.leukres.2014.01.013

Komatsu, 2009, Overexpression of SMYD2 relates to tumor cell proliferation and malignant outcome of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, Carcinogenesis, 30, 1139, 10.1093/carcin/bgp116

Hu, 2009, Identification of Smyd4 as a potential tumor suppressor gene involved in breast cancer development, Cancer Res., 69, 4067, 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-08-4097

Foreman, 2011, Structural and functional profiling of the human histone methyltransferase SMYD3, PLoS ONE, 6, e22290, 10.1371/journal.pone.0022290

Van Aller, 2012, Smyd3 regulates cancer cell phenotypes and catalyzes histone H4 lysine 5 methylation, Epigenetics, 7, 340, 10.4161/epi.19506

Silva, 2008, Enhanced methyltransferase activity of SMYD3 by the cleavage of its N-terminal region in human cancer cells, Oncogene, 27, 2686, 10.1038/sj.onc.1210929

Cock-Rada, 2012, SMYD3 promotes cancer invasion by epigenetic upregulation of the metalloproteinase MMP-9, Cancer Res., 72, 810, 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-11-1052

Mazur, 2014, SMYD3 links lysine methylation of MAP3K2 to Ras-driven cancer, Nature, 510, 283, 10.1038/nature13320

Stransky, 2011, The mutational landscape of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, Science, 333, 1157, 10.1126/science.1208130

Seshagiri, 2012, Recurrent R-spondin fusions in colon cancer, Nature, 488, 660, 10.1038/nature11282

Imielinski, 2012, Mapping the hallmarks of lung adenocarcinoma with massively parallel sequencing, Cell, 150, 1107, 10.1016/j.cell.2012.08.029

You, 2012, Cancer genetics and epigenetics: two sides of the same coin?, Cancer Cell, 22, 9, 10.1016/j.ccr.2012.06.008