Vai trò của các loài oxy phản ứng và chất chống oxy hóa trong sinh lý bệnh sinh sản nam giới

Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 21 - Trang 80-89 - 2006
M Maneesh1, H Jayalekshmi2
1Department of Biochemistry, Melaka Manipal Medical College, Manipal
2Sikkim Manipal Institute of Medical Sciences, Gangtok

Tóm tắt

Việc sản xuất quá mức các loài oxy phản ứng (ROS) bởi tinh trùng bất thường và bạch cầu ô nhiễm đã được xác định là một trong những nguyên nhân hiếm hoi gây vô sinh ở nam giới. Việc sử dụng các chất chống oxy hóa ở những bệnh nhân có yếu tố vô sinh nam đã bắt đầu thu hút sự quan tâm đáng kể. Khó khăn chính của phương pháp này là hiểu biết còn hạn chế về vai trò của các gốc tự do trong chức năng tinh trùng bình thường và bất thường dẫn đến vô sinh nam. Màng tinh trùng của động vật có vú rất nhạy cảm với tổn thương do gốc tự do gây ra, được trung gian hóa bởi quá trình ôxi hóa lipid, bởi vì chúng giàu axit béo không bão hòa đa. Các cơ chế nội sinh hạn chế tồn tại để phục hồi những tổn thương này. ROS tấn công độ linh hoạt của màng plasma tinh trùng và toàn vẹn của DNA trong nhân tinh trùng. Tổn thương DNA do ROS gây ra làm tăng tốc độ apoptosis tế bào mầm. Đáng tiếc là tinh trùng không thể sửa chữa các tổn thương do ROS quá mức gây ra vì chúng thiếu các enzyme bào tương cần thiết để thực hiện việc sửa chữa. Đánh giá trạng thái căng thẳng oxy hóa (OSS) như vậy có thể hỗ trợ trong điều trị y tế. Các chiến lược điều trị phải được hướng đến việc giảm mức độ ROS để giữ chỉ một lượng nhỏ cần thiết cho việc duy trì chức năng tế bào bình thường.

Từ khóa

#oxy phản ứng #chất chống oxy hóa #tinh trùng #vô sinh nam #tổn thương DNA #căng thẳng oxy hóa

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