Role of L-lactate as an energy substrate in primary rat podocytes under physiological and glucose deprivation conditions

Abe, 2010, Bioenergetic characterization of mouse podocytes, Am. J. Physiol. Cell Physiol., 299, 10.1152/ajpcell.00563.2009 Audzeyenka, 2020, Cathepsin C is a novel mediator of podocyte and renal injury induced by hyperglycemia, Biochim. Biophys. Acta - Mol. Cell Res., 1867, 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2020.118723 Audzeyenka, 2021, Hyperglycemia alters mitochondrial respiration efficiency and mitophagy in human podocytes, Exp. Cell Res., 407, 10.1016/j.yexcr.2021.112758 Becker, 2010, Localization of members of MCT monocarboxylate transporter family Slc16 in the kidney and regulation during metabolic acidosis, Am. J. Physiol. Ren. Physiol., 299, 10.1152/ajprenal.00488.2009 Berthet, 2009, Neuroprotective role of lactate after cerebral ischemia, J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab.: Off. J. Int. Soc. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab., 29, 1780, 10.1038/jcbfm.2009.97 Bouzier-Sore, 2003, Lactate is a preferential oxidative energy substrate over glucose for neurons in culture, J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab., 23, 1298, 10.1097/01.WCB.0000091761.61714.25 Brinkkoetter, 2019, Anaerobic glycolysis maintains the glomerular filtration barrier independent of mitochondrial metabolism and dynamics, Cell Rep., 27, 1551, 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.04.012 Brooks, 2007, Lactate: link between glycolytic and oxidative metabolism, Sports Med., 37, 341, 10.2165/00007256-200737040-00017 Brooks, 2009, Cell-cell and intracellular lactate shuttles, J. Physiol., 587, 5591, 10.1113/jphysiol.2009.178350 Brooks, 2018, The science and translation of lactate shuttle theory, Cell Metab., 27, 757, 10.1016/j.cmet.2018.03.008 Brooks, 2020, Lactate as a fulcrum of metabolism, Redox Biol., 35, 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101454 Brooks, 1999, Role of mitochondrial lactate dehydrogenase and lactate oxidation in the intracellular lactate shuttle, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 96, 1129, 10.1073/pnas.96.3.1129 Brooks, 2022, Lactate in contemporary biology: a phoenix risen, J. Physiol., 600, 1229, 10.1113/JP280955 Cersosimo, 2000, Renal substrate metabolism and gluconeogenesis during hypoglycemia in humans, Diabetes, 49, 1186, 10.2337/diabetes.49.7.1186 Certo, 2022, Understanding lactate sensing and signalling, Trends Endocrinol. Metab.: TEM, 33, 722, 10.1016/j.tem.2022.07.004 Coward, 2005, The human glomerular podocyte is a novel target for insulin action, Diabetes, 54, 3095, 10.2337/diabetes.54.11.3095 Cruz, 2012, Intracellular shuttle: the lactate aerobic metabolism, Sci. World J., 2012, 10.1100/2012/420984 Dong, 2021, Lactate and myocardiac energy metabolism, Front. Physiol., 12 Fernandes, 1982, Lactate as energy source for brain in glucose-6-phosphatase deficient child, Lancet, 1, 113, 10.1016/S0140-6736(82)90257-4 Ge, 2021, APOL1 risk variants affect podocyte lipid homeostasis and energy production in focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, Hum. Mol. Genet., 30, 182, 10.1093/hmg/ddab022 Gladden, 2004, Lactate metabolism: a new paradigm for the third millennium, J. Physiol., 558, 5, 10.1113/jphysiol.2003.058701 Gladden, 2008, A lactatic perspective on metabolism, Med. Sci. Sports Exerc., 40, 477, 10.1249/MSS.0b013e31815fa580 Halestrap, 1999, The proton-linked monocarboxylate transporter (MCT) family: structure, function and regulation, Biochem. J., 343, 281, 10.1042/bj3430281 Hashimoto, 2006, Colocalization of MCT1, CD147, and LDH in mitochondrial inner membrane of L6 muscle cells: evidence of a mitochondrial lactate oxidation complex, Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab., 290, 10.1152/ajpendo.00594.2005 Hui, 2017, Glucose feeds the TCA cycle via circulating lactate, Nature, 551, 115, 10.1038/nature24057 Illingworth, J., 1985. Methods of enzymatic analysis: third edition: editor-in-chief: Hans Ulrich Bergmeyer. Verlag Chemie, 1983 (vols I–III), 1984 (vols IV & V) DM258 each volume or DM2240 vols I–X inclusive. Biochem. Educ., vol. 13(no. 1), 38–38. 〈https://doi.org/10.1016/0307-4412(85)90136-0〉. Imasawa, 2017, High glucose repatterns human podocyte energy metabolism during differentiation and diabetic nephropathy, FASEB J.: Off. Publ. Fed. Am. Soc. Exp. Biol., 31, 294, 10.1096/fj.201600293r Jiang, 2022, Structural aspects of the glucose and monocarboxylate transporters involved in the Warburg effect, IUBMB Life, 74, 10.1002/iub.2668 Karagiannis, 2021, Lactate is an energy substrate for rodent cortical neurons and enhances their firing activity, ELife, 10, 10.7554/eLife.71424 Kraut, 2012, Treatment of acute metabolic acidosis: a pathophysiologic approach, Nat. Rev. Nephrol., 8, 589, 10.1038/nrneph.2012.186 Lau, 2021, Cardiac metabolic imaging using hyperpolarized [1–13C]lactate as a substrate, NMR Biomed., 34, 10.1002/nbm.4532 Lee, 2021, Lactate: a multifunctional signaling molecule, Yeungnam Univ. J. Med., 38, 183, 10.12701/yujm.2020.00892 Leen, 2013, Cerebrospinal fluid analysis in the workup of GLUT1 deficiency syndrome: a systematic review, JAMA Neurol., 70, 1440, 10.1001/jamaneurol.2013.3090 Lewko, 2005, Characterization of glucose uptake by cultured rat podocytes, Kidney Blood Press. Res., 28, 1, 10.1159/000080889 Li, 2020, Smad4 promotes diabetic nephropathy by modulating glycolysis and OXPHOS, EMBO Rep., 21, 10.15252/embr.201948781 Magistretti, 1999, Cellular mechanisms of brain energy metabolism and their relevance to functional brain imaging, Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. Ser. B Biol. Sci., 354, 1155, 10.1098/rstb.1999.0471 Marcinek, 2010, Lactic acidosis in vivo: testing the link between lactate generation and H+ accumulation in ischemic mouse muscle, J. Appl. Physiol. (Bethesda, Md.: 1985), 108, 1479, 10.1152/japplphysiol.01189.2009 Marcus, 1994, Altered renal expression of the insulin-responsive glucose transporter GLUT4 in experimental diabetes mellitus, Am. J. Physiol., 267 McCullagh, 1996, Role of the lactate transporter (MCT1) in skeletal muscles, Am. J. Physiol., 271 Medina, 2002, Lactate-induced translocation of GLUT1 and GLUT4 is not mediated by the phosphatidyl-inositol-3-kinase pathway in the rat heart, Basic Res. Cardiol., 97, 168, 10.1007/s003950200008 Meyer, 2002, Renal substrate exchange and gluconeogenesis in normal postabsorptive humans, Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab., 282, 10.1152/ajpendo.00116.2001 Nakajo, 2007, Mizoribine corrects defective nephrin biogenesis by restoring intracellular energy balance, J. Am. Soc. Nephrol.: JASN, 18, 2554, 10.1681/ASN.2006070732 Ozawa, 2015, Glycolysis, but not mitochondria, responsible for intracellular ATP distribution in cortical area of podocytes, Sci. Rep., 5, 10.1038/srep18575 Pellerin, 1994, Glutamate uptake into astrocytes stimulates aerobic glycolysis: a mechanism coupling neuronal activity to glucose utilization, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 91, 10625, 10.1073/pnas.91.22.10625 Qi, 2017, Pyruvate kinase M2 activation may protect against the progression of diabetic glomerular pathology and mitochondrial dysfunction, Nat. Med., 23, 753, 10.1038/nm.4328 Qin, 2020, Berberine protects against diabetic kidney disease via promoting PGC-1α-regulated mitochondrial energy homeostasis, Br. J. Pharm., 177, 3646, 10.1111/bph.14935 Rabbani, 2019, Hexokinase-2 glycolytic overload in diabetes and ischemia-reperfusion injury, Trends Endocrinol. Metab.: TEM, 30, 419, 10.1016/j.tem.2019.04.011 Rabinowitz, 2020, Lactate: the ugly duckling of energy metabolism, Nat. Metab., 2, 566, 10.1038/s42255-020-0243-4 Rogacka, 2016, SIRT1-AMPK crosstalk is involved in high glucose-dependent impairment of insulin responsiveness in primary rat podocytes, Exp. Cell Res., 349, 328, 10.1016/j.yexcr.2016.11.005 Rogacka, 2021, Involvement of nitric oxide synthase/nitric oxide pathway in the regulation of SIRT1-AMPK crosstalk in podocytes: impact on glucose uptake, Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 709, 10.1016/j.abb.2021.108985 Schurr, 2002, Energy metabolism, stress hormones and neural recovery from cerebral ischemia/hypoxia, Neurochem. Int., 41, 1, 10.1016/S0197-0186(01)00142-5 Schurr, 2002, Lactate, glucose and energy metabolism in the ischemic brain (review), Int. J. Mol. Med., 10, 131 Schurr, 2006, Lactate: the ultimate cerebral oxidative energy substrate, J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab.: Off. J. Int. Soc. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab., 26, 142, 10.1038/sj.jcbfm.9600174 Schurr, 2007, Lactate, not pyruvate, is neuronal aerobic glycolysis end product: an in vitro electrophysiological study, Neuroscience, 147, 613, 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2007.05.002 Schurr, 1997, Brain lactate is an obligatory aerobic energy substrate for functional recovery after hypoxia: further in vitro validation, J. Neurochem., 69, 423, 10.1046/j.1471-4159.1997.69010423.x Schurr, 1997, Brain lactate, not glucose, fuels the recovery of synaptic function from hypoxia upon reoxygenation: an in vitro study, Brain Res., 744, 105, 10.1016/S0006-8993(96)01106-7 Srivastava, 2019, Identification of the multivalent PDZ protein PDZK1 as a binding partner of sodium-coupled monocarboxylate transporter SMCT1 (SLC5A8) and SMCT2 (SLC5A12), J. Physiol. Sci.: JPS, 69, 399, 10.1007/s12576-018-00658-1 Srivastava, 2018, Mechanotransduction signaling in podocytes from fluid flow shear stress, Am. J. Physiol. Ren. Physiol., 314, F22, 10.1152/ajprenal.00325.2017 Szrejder, 2020, Extracellular ATP modulates podocyte function through P2Y purinergic receptors and pleiotropic effects on AMPK and cAMP/PKA signaling pathways, Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 695, 10.1016/j.abb.2020.108649 Tanner, 2018, Four key steps control glycolytic flux in mammalian cells, Cell Syst., 7, 49, 10.1016/j.cels.2018.06.003 Vohra, 2018, Essential roles of lactate in müller cell survival and function, Mol. Neurobiol., 55, 9108, 10.1007/s12035-018-1056-2 Vohra, 2019, Dual properties of lactate in Müller cells: the effect of GPR81 activation, Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., 60, 999, 10.1167/iovs.18-25458 Wyss, 2011, In vivo evidence for lactate as a neuronal energy source, J. Neurosci.: Off. J. Soc. Neurosci., 31, 7477, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0415-11.2011 Xue, 2022, The potential mechanisms of lactate in mediating exercise-enhanced cognitive function: a dual role as an energy supply substrate and a signaling molecule, Nutr. Metab., 19, 10.1186/s12986-022-00687-z Yanase, 2008, Cellular expression of a sodium-dependent monocarboxylate transporter (Slc5a8) and the MCT family in the mouse kidney, Histochem. Cell Biol., 130, 957, 10.1007/s00418-008-0490-z Yuan, 2020, Role of pyruvate kinase M2-mediated metabolic reprogramming during podocyte differentiation, Cell Death Dis., 11, 10.1038/s41419-020-2481-5