Ribonukleins�ure-Synthese der Riesenchromosomen

Chromosoma - Tập 15 Số 1 - Trang 71-122 - 1964
Claus Pelling1
1Max-Planck-Institut für Biologie, Abt. Beermann, Tübingen

Tóm tắt

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

Allfrey, V. G., V. C. Littau and A. E. Mirsky: On the role of histones in regulating ribonucleic acid synthesis in the cell nucleus. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. (Wash.) 49, 414?421 (1963).

Amano, M., and C. P. Leblond: Comparison of the specific activity time curves of ribonucleic acid in chromatin, nucleolus and cytoplasm. Exp. Cell Res. 20, 250?253 (1960).

Bauer, H.: Der Aufbau der Chromosomen aus den Speicheldrüsen von Chironomus Thummi Kieff. Z. Zellforsch. 23, 280?313 (1935); - Chromosomen und Systematik bei. Chironomiden. Arch. Hydrobiol. 40, 994?1008 (1945).

?, u. W. Beermann: Die Polytänie der Riesenchromosomen. Chromosoma (Berl.) 4, 630?648 (1952).

?, u. N. W. Timoféeff-Ressovsky: Vererbung und Vererbungscytologie von Drosophila im Schulversuch. Biologe 8, 324?335 (1939).

Becker, H. J.: Die Puffs der Speicheldrüsenchromosomen von Drosophila melanogaster. I. Mitt.: Beobachtungen zum Verhalten des Puffmusters im Normalstamm und bei zwei Mutanten, giant und lethal-giant-larvae. Chromosoma (Berl.) 10, 654?678 (1059).

Beermann, W.: Chromosomenkonstanz und spezifische Modifikationen der Chromosomenstruktur in der Entwicklung und Organdifferenzierung von Chironomus tentans. Chromosoma (Berl.) 5, 139?198 (1952); - Cytologische Analyse eines Camptochironomus-Artbastards. I. Kreuzungsergebnisse und die Evolution des Karyotypus. Chromosoma (Berl.) 7, 198?259 (1955) ; - Chromosomal differentiation in insects. In: Developmental Cytology, edit. D. Rudnick. Ronald, New York 1959; - Der Nukleolus als lebenswichtiger Bestandteil des Zellkerns. Chromosoma (Berl.) 11, 263?296 (1960); - Ein Balbianiring als Locus einer Speicheldrüsenmutation. Chromosoma (Berl.) 12, 1?25 (1961 a); - Genaktivität und Genaktivierung in Riesenchromosomen. Verh. dtsch. zool. Ges. Saarbrücken 1961, 44?75 (1961b).

?, and G. F. Bahr: The submicroscopic structure of the Balbianiring. Exp. Cell Res. 6, 195?201 (1954).

Bonner, J., and R.-c.C. Huang:Properties of chromosomal nucleohistone. J. molec. Biol. 6, 169?174 (1963).

Boyd, G. A.: Autoradiography in biology and medicine. New York: Academic Press 1955.

Brenner, S.: On the impossibility of all overlapping triplet codes in information transfer from nucleic acid to protein. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. (Wash.) 43, 687?694 (1957).

? F. Jacob and M. Meselson: An unstable intermediate carrying information from genes to ribosomes for protein synthesis. Nature (Lond.) 190, 576?581 (1961).

Caspersson, T.: Studien über den Eiweißumsatz der Zelle. Naturwissenschaften 29, 33?43 (1941).

Clever, U.: Genaktivitäten in den Riesenchromosomen von Chironomus tentans und die Beziehungen zur Entwicklung. I. Genaktivierung durch Ecdyson. Chromosoma (Berl.) 12, 607?675 (1961); - Genaktivitäten in den Riesenchromosomen von Chironomus tentans und ihre Beziehungen zur Entwicklung. II. Das Verhalten der Puffs während des letzten Larvenstadiums mit der Puppenhäutung. Chromosoma (Berl.) 13, 385?436 (1962) ; - Von der Ecdysonkonzentration abhängige Genaktivitätsmuster in den Speicheldrüsenchromosomen von Chironomus tentans. Develop. Biol. 6, 73?98 (1963).

?, u. P. Karlson: Induktion von Puff-Veränderungen in den Speicheldrüsenchromosomen von Chironomus tentans durch Ecdyson. Exp. Cell Res. 20, 623?626 (1960).

Doniach, L, and S. R. Pelc: Autoradiographic technique. Brit. J. Radiol. 23, 184?192 (1950).

Dounce, A. L.: Nucleic acid template hypotheses. Nature (Lond.) 172, 541(1953).

Dutt, M. K., and B. P. Kaufmann: Degradational action of deoxyribonuclease on unfixed chromosomes of Drosophila and grasshoppers. Nucleus 2, 85?98 (1959).

Edström, J.-E.: Extraction, hydrolysis and electrophoretic analysis of ribonucleic acid from microscopic tissue units (microphoresis). J. biophys. biochem. Cytol. 8, 39?46 (1960); - Composition of ribonucleic acid from various parts of spider oocytes. J. biophys. biochem. Cytol. 8, 47?51 (1960).

?, and W. Beermann: The base composition of nucleic acids in chromosomes, puffs, nucleoli, and cytoplasm of Chironomus salivary gland cells. J. biophys. biochem. Cytol. 14, 371?380 (1962).

? W. Grampp and N. Schor: The intracellular distribution and heterogeneity of ribonucleic acid in starfish oocytes. J. biophys. biochem. Cytol. 11, 549?557 (1961).

Flax, M. H., and M. H. Himes: Microspectrophotometric analysis of metachromatic staining of nucleic acids. Physiol. Zool. 25, 297?311 (1952).

Gall, J. G., and H. G. Callan: H3-uridine incorporation in lampbrush chromosomes. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. (Wash.) 48, 562?570 (1962).

Gamov, G.: Possible relation between deoxyribonueleic acid and protein structures. Nature (Lond.) 173, 318 (1954).

Goldstein, L., and J. Micou: On the primary site of nuclear RNA synthesis. J. biophys. biochem. Cytol. 6, 301?303 (1959).

?, and W. Plaut: Direct evidence for nuclear synthesis of cytoplasmic ribose nucleic acid. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. (Wash.) 41, 874?880 (1955).

Goodman, H. M., and A. Rich: Formation of a DNA-soluble RNA hybrid and its relation to the origin, evolution, and degeneracy of soluble RNA. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. (Wash.) 48, 2101?2109 (1962).

Gros, F., H. Hiatt, W. Gilbert, C. G. Kurland, R. W. Risebrough and J. D. Watson: Unstable ribonucleic acid revealed by pulse labelling of Escherichia coli. Nature (Lond.) 190, 581?585 (1961).

Hall, B. D., and S. Spiegelman: Sequence complementarity of T2-DNA of T2-specific RNA. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. (Wash.) 47, 137?146 (1961).

Hayashi, M., and S. Spiegelman: The selective synthesis of informational RNA in bacteria. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. (Wash.) 47, 1564?1580 (1961).

Heitz, E., u. H. Bauer: Beweise für die Chromosomennatur der Kernschleifen in den Knäuelkernen von Bibio hortulanus L. Z. Zellforsch. 17, 67?82 (1933).

Hiatt, H. H.: A rapidly labeled RNA in rat liver nuclei. J. molec. Biol. 5, 217?229 (1962).

Hill, D. K.: Resolving power with tritium autoradiographs. Nature (Lond.) 194, 821?832 (1962).

Hoagland, M. B., P. C. Zamecnik and M. L. Stephenson: Intermediate reactions in protein biosynthesis. Biochim. biophys. Acta (Amst.) 24, 215?216 (1957).

? M. L. Stephenson, J. F. Scott, L. I. Hecht and P. C. Zamecnik: A soluble ribonueleic acid intermediate in protein synthesis. J. biol. Chem. 231, 241?257 (1958).

Huang, R.-c.C., and J. Bonner: Histone, a suppressor of chromosomal RNA synthesis. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. (Wash.) 48, 1216?1222 (1962).

Hughes, W. L.: Autoradiography with tritium. Proc. Symp. on Tritium in Tracer Appl. New England Nuclear Corp. 1957.

Ishihama, A., N. Mizuno, M. Takai, E. Otaka and S. Osawa: Molecular and metabolic properties of messenger RNA from normal and T2-infected E. coli. J. molec. Biol. 5, 251?264 (1962).

Keyl, H.-G.: Die cytologische Diagnostik der Chironomiden. III. Diagnose von Chironomus parathummi n. sp. mit Ergänzungen zur Bestimmungstabelle. Arch. Hydrobiol. 58, 1?6 (1961).

?, u. I. Keyl: Die cytologische Diagnostik der Chironomiden I. Bestimmungstabelle für die Gattung Chironomus auf Grund der Speicheldrüsenchromosomen. Arch. Hydrobiol. 56, 43?57 (1959).

?, u. C. Pelling: Differentielle DNS-Replikation in den Speicheldrüsen-Chromosomen von Chironomus Thummi. Chromosoma (Berl.) 14, 347?359 (1963).

?, u. K. Strenzke: Taxonomie und Cytologie von zwei Subspezies der Art Chironomus Thummi. Z. Naturforsch. 11b, 727?735 (1956).

MacGregor, H. C., and H. G. Callan: The actions of enzymes on lampbrush chromosomes. Quart. J. micr. Sci. 103 (2), 173?203 (1962).

McMaster-Kaye, R.: The metabolic characteristics of nucleolar, chromosomal, and cytoplasmic ribonueleic acid of Drosophila salivary glands. J. biophys. biochem. Cytol. 8, 365?378 (1960); - Symposium: Synthetic processes in the cell nucleus. III. The metabolism of nuclear ribonueleic acid in salivary glands of Drosophila repleta. J. Histochem. Cytochem. 10, 154?161 (1962).

?, and J. H. Taylor: Evidence for two metabolically distinct types of ribonueleic acid in chromatin and nucleoli. J. biophys. biochem. Cytol. 4, 5?11 (1958).

Mechelke, F.: Reversible Strukturmodifikationen der Speicheldrüsenchromosomen von Acricotopus lucidus. Chromosoma (Berl.) 5, 511?543 (1953); - Beziehungen zwischen der Menge der DNS und dem Ausmaß der potentiellen Oberflächenentfaltung von Riesenchromosomenloci. Naturwissenschaften 46, 609 (1959).

Monier, R., S. Naono, D. Hayes, F. Hayes and F. Gros: Studies on the heterogeneity of messenger RNA from E. coli. J. molec. Biol. 5, 311?324 (1962).

Nirenberg, M. W., and J. H. Matthaei: The dependence of cell-free protein synthesis in E. coli upon naturally occurring or synthetic polyribonucleotides. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. (Wash.) 47, 1588?1602 (1961).

Oehlert, W.: Autoradiographische Untersuchungen zur RibonukleinsäureSynthese in den verschiedenen Strukturen der Zelle. Beitr. path. Anat. 124, 311?350 (1961).

Otaka, E., S. Osawa, Y. Oota, A. Ishihama and H. Mitsui: Synthesis of ribonueleic acids in microbial cells. I. Ribosomal-ribonucleic acid synthesis in growing bacterial cells. Biochim. biophys. Acta (Amst.) 55, 310?325 (1962).

Pavan, C.: Morphological and physiological aspects of chromosomal activities. X. Intern. Congr. of Genetics 1958, pp. 321?336.

Pelling, C.: Chromosomal synthesis of ribonucleic acid as shown by incorporation of uridine labeled with tritium. Nature (Lond.) 184, 655?656 (1959); - Application of tritiated compounds to the midge Chironomus and some aspects of the metabolism of salivary gland chromosomes. Symp. Detect. Use Tritium. IAEA, Wien 1962, pp. 327?334.

Perry, R. P.: On the nucleolar and nuclear dependence of cytoplasmic RNA synthesis in HeLa cells. Exp. Cell Res. 20, 216?220 (1960); - The cellular sites of synthesis of ribosomal and 4s RNA. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. (Wash.) 48, 2179?2186 (1962).

? in collaboration with M. Errera, A. Hell and H. Dürwald: Kinetics of nucleoside incorporation into nuclear and cytoplasmic RNA. J. biophys. biochem. Cytol. 11, 1?13 (1961).

Poulson, D. F., and C. W. Metz: Studies on the structure of nucleolus forming regions and related structures in the giant salivary gland chromosomes of Diptera. J. Morph. 63, 363?395 (1938).

Prescott, D. M.: The nuclear dependence of RNA synthesis in Acanthamoeba sp. Exp. Cell Res. 19, 29?34 (1960).

?, and R. F. Kimball: Relation between RNA, DNA and protein synthesis in the replicating nucleus of Euplotes. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. (Wash.) 47, 686?693 (1961).

Rho, J. A., and J. Bonner: The site of ribonucleic acid synthesis in the isolated nucleus. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. (Wash.) 47, 1611?1619 (1961).

Risebrough, R. W., A. Tissières and J. D. Watson: Messenger-RNA attachment to active ribosomes. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. (Wash.) 48, 430?436 (1962).

Rudkin, G. T.: The ultraviolet absorption of puffed and unpuffed homologous regions in the salivary gland chromosomes of Drosophila melanogaster. Genetics 40, 593 (1955).

?, and S. L. Corlette: Disproportionate synthesis of DNA in a polytene chromosome region. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. (Wash.) 43, 964?968 (1957).

?, and P. S. Woods: Incorporation of H3-cytidine and H3-thymidine into giant chromosomes of Drosophila during puff formation. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. (Wash.) 45, 997?1003 (1959).

Sagik, B. P., M. H. Green, M. Hayashi and S. Spiegelman: Size distribution of ?informational? RNA. Biophys. J. 2, 409?421 (1962).

Scholtissek, C.: Verwandtschaftsbeziehungen zwischen den Ribonukleinsäuren des Zellkerns, der Mitochondrien, Mikrosomen und des Zellsaftes bei Rattenleber, Milz und Nieren. Biochem. Z. 332, 458?466 (1960).

Simon, H., H. Daniel u. J. F. Klebe: Die Messung von 14C und 3H in der Gasphase. Angew. Chem. 71, 303?308 (1959).

Sirlin, J. L.: Cell sites of RNA and protein synthesis in the salivary gland of Smittia (Chironomidae). Exp. Cell Res. 19, 177?180 (1960).

?, and G. R. Knight: The pattern of protein sulphur after Feulgen hydrolysis in the salivary gland chromosomes of Drosophila melanogaster. Chromosoma (Berl.) 9, 119?159 (1958).

Swift, H.: Nucleic acids and cell morphology in dipteran salivary glands. In: The molecular control of cellular activity, pp. 73?125. McGraw-Hill: New York 1962.

Volkin, E., and L. Astrachan: Intercellular distribution of labeled ribonucleic acid after phage infection of E. coli. Virology 2, 433?437 (1956).

Woods, P. S.: RNA in nuclear-cytoplasmic interaction. Brookhaven Symp. in Biol. 12, 153?174 (1959);

Autoradiographic studies of ribonucleic acid metabolism with tritium-labelled cytidine. Symp. Detect. Use Tritium. IAEA, Wien 1962, pp. 335?346.

?, and J. H. Taylor: Studies of ribonucleio acid metabolism with tritiumlabelled cytidine. Lab. Invest. 8, 309?318 (1959).

Yankofsky, S. A., and S. Spiegelman: The identification of the ribosomal RNA cistron by sequence complementarity. I. Specifity of complex formation. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. (Wash.) 48, 1069?1078 (1962a); - The identification of the ribosomal RNA cistron by sequence complementarity. II. Saturation of and competitive interaction at the RNA cistron. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. (Wash.) 48, 1466?1472 (1962b).

Zalokar, M.: Nuclear origin of ribonucleic acid. Nature (Lond.) 183, 1330 (1959) ; - Sites of ribonucleic acid and protein synthesis in Drosophila. Exp. Cell Res. 19, 184?186 (1960).