Revisiting the security of secure direct communication based on ping-pong protocol[Quantum Inf. Process. 8, 347 (2009)]
Tóm tắt
A. Chamoli and C.M. Bhandari presented a secure direct communication based on ping-pong protocol[Quantum Inf. Process. 8, 347 (2009)]. M.Naseri analyzed its security and pointed out that in this protocol any dishonest party can obtain all the other one’s secret message with zero risk of being detected by using fake entangled particles (FEP attack) [M. Naseri, Quantum Inf. Process. online]. In this letter, we reexamine the protocol’s security and discover that except the FEP attack, using a special property of GHZ states, any one dishonest party can also take a special attack, i.e., double-CNOT(Controlled NOT) attack. Finally, a denial-of-service attack is also discussed.
Tài liệu tham khảo
Gisin N., Ribordy G., Tittel W., Zbinden H.: Quantum cryptography. Rev. Mod. Phys. 74, 145–195 (2002)
Bennett, C.H., Brassard, G.: Quantum cryptography: public-key distribution and coin tossing. In: Proceedings IEEE International Conference on Computers, Systems, and Signal Processing, Bangalore, pp. 175–179. IEEE, New York (1984)
Bostrom K., Felbinger T.: Deterministic secure direct communication using entanglement. Phys. Rev. Lett. 89, 187902 (2002)
Shimizu K., Imoto N.: Communication channels secured from eavesdropping via transmission of photonic Bell states. Phys. Rev. A 60, 157–166 (1999)
Deng F.G., Long G.L., Liu X.S.: Two-step quantum direct communication protocol using the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen pair block. Phys. Rev. A 68, 042317 (2003)
Deng F.G., Long G.L.: Secure direct communication with a quantum one-time pad. Phys. Rev. A 69, 052319 (2004)
Lucamarini M., Mancini S.: Secure deterministic communication without entanglement. Phys. Rev. Lett. 94, 140501 (2005)
Cai Q.Y., Li B.W.: Improving the capacity of the Bostrom-Felbinger protocol. Phys. Rev. A 69, 054301 (2004)
Wang C., Deng F.G., Li Y.S., Liu X.S., Long G.L.: Quantum secure direct communication with high-dimension quantum superdense coding. Phys. Rev. A 71, 044305 (2005)
Nguyen B.A.: Quantum dialogue. Phys. Lett. A 328, 6–10 (2004)
Yan F.L., Zhang X.Q.: A scheme for secure direct communication using EPR pairs and teleportation. Eur. Phys. J. B 41, 75–78 (2004)
Lee H., Lim J., Yang H.J.: Quantum direct communication with authentication. Phys. Rev. A 73, 042305 (2006)
Zhang Z.J., Liu J., Wang D., Shi S.H.: Comment on Quantum direct communication with authentication. Phys. Rev. A 75, 026301 (2007)
Lin S., Wen Q.Y., Gao F.: Quantum secure direct communication with χ-type entangled states. Phys. Rev. A 78, 064304 (2008)
Chamoli A., Bhandari C.M.: Secure direct communication based on ping-pong protocol. Quantum Inf. Process. 8, 347 (2009)
Naseri, M.: Comment on: secure direct communication based on ping-pong protocol [Quantum Inf. Process. 8, 347 (2009)]. Quantum Inf. Process. Online
Gao F., Guo F.Z., Wen Q.Y., Zhu F.C.: Comment on Quantum key distribution for d-level systems with generalized Bell states. Phys. Rev. A 72, 066301 (2005)
Gao F., Guo F.Z., Wen Q.Y., Zhu F.C.: Comment on Quantum secret sharing based on reusable Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger states as secure carriers. Phys. Rev. A 72, 036302 (2005)
Gao F., Wen Q.Y., Zhu F.C.: Comment on: Quantum exam [Phys. Lett. A 350 (2006) 174]. Phys. Lett. A 360, 748–750 (2007)
Gao F., Lin S., Wen Q.Y., Zhu F.C.: A special eavesdropping on one-sender versus N-receiver QSDC protocol. Chin. Phys. Lett. 25, 1561–1563 (2008)
Gao F., Qin S.J., Wen Q.Y., Zhu F.C.: Cryptanalysis of multiparty controlled quantum secure direct communication using Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger state. Opt. Commun. 283, 192–195 (2010)