Review of mullite synthesis routes by sol–gel method

Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology - Tập 55 Số 1 - Trang 111-125 - 2010
Luciana De Simone Cividanes1, Tiago Moreira Bastos Campos1, Liana Álvares Rodrigues1, Deborah Dibbern Brunelli1, Gilmar Patrocínio Thim1
1Divisão de Ciências Fundamentais—IEF, Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica—ITA, São Paulo, Brazil

Tóm tắt

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

Dokko PC, Pask JA, Mazdiyasni KS (1977) High-temperature mechanical properties of mullite under compression. J Am Ceram Soc 60:150–155

Jaymes I, Douy A, Massiot D, Coutures JP (1996) Characterization of mono- and diphasic mullite precursor powders prepared by aqueous routes, 27Al and 29Si MAS-NMR spectroscopy investigations. J Mater Sci 31:4581–4589

Pask JA (1996) Importance of starting materials on reactions and phase equilibria in the Al2O3-SiO2 system. J Eur Ceram Soc 16:101–108

Li DX, Thomson WJ (1991) Mullite formation from nonstoichiometric diphasic precursors. J Am Ceram Soc 74:2382–2387

Ossaka J (1961) Tetragonal mullite-like phase from co-precipitated gels. Nature 191:1000–1001

Li DX, Thomson WJ (1991) Tetragonal to orthorhombic transformation during mullite formation. J. Mater. Res. 6:819–824

Okada K, Otsuka N (1986) Characterization of the spinel phase from SiO2-Al2O3 xerogels and the formation processes of mullite. J Am Ceram Soc 69:652–656

Huling JC, Messing GL (1991) Epitactic nucleation of spinel in aluminum silicate gels and effect on mullite crystallization. J Am Ceram Soc 74:2374–2381

Jin X-H, Gao L, Guo J-K (2002) The structural change of diphasic mullite gel studied by XRD and IR spectrum analysis. J Eur Ceram Soc 22:1307–1311

Lima PT, Bertran CA, Thim GP (1998) Rotas de Síntese e a Homogeneidade dos precursores de mulita e cordierita. Quim Nova 21:608–613

Schneider H, Okada K, Pask J (1994) Mullite and mullite ceramics. Wiley, New York

Osawa CC (2004) Efeito do pH e da Uréia na Síntese de Mulita pelo Método Sol-Gel, a Partir de Sóis de Sílica e Alumina. MSc. Dissertation, Instituto de Química, Unicamp, Campinas, SP

Brinker CJ, Scherer GW (1990) Sol-gel science: the physics and chemistry of sol-gel processing. Academic Press, San Diego

Jaymes I, Douy A, Massiot D (1995) Synthesis of a mullite precursor from aluminum nitrate and tetraethoxysilane via aqueous homogeneous precipitation: an 27Al and 29Si liquid- and solid-state NMR spectroscopic study. J Am Ceram Soc 78:2648–2654

Sundaresan S, Aksay IA (1991) Mullitization of diphasic aluminosilicate gel. J Am Ceram Soc 74:2388–2392

Aksay IA, Dabbs DM, Sarikaya M (1991) Mullite for structural, electronic and optical applications. J Am Ceram Soc 74:2343–2358

Hong SH, Messing GL (1998) Anisotropic grain growth in diphasic-gel-derived titania-doped mullite. J Am Ceram Soc 81:1269–1277

Niederberger M, Garnweitner G (2006) Organic reaction pathways in the nonaqueous synthesis of metal oxide nanoparticles. Chem -Eur J 12:7282–7303

Airoldi C, Farias RF (2004) Alcóxidos como precursores na síntese de novos materiais através do processo sol-gel. Quim Nova 27:84–88

Roy R (1956) Aids in hydrothermal experimentation: II. Methods of making mixtures for both “dry”and “wet” phase equilibrium studies. J Am Ceram Soc 39:145–146

Chakraborty AK (2005) Aluminosilicate formation in various mixtures of tetra ethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) and aluminum nitrate (ANN). Termochim Acta 427:109–116

Chakraborty AK (1993) Effect of pH on 980 °C spinel phase-mullite formation of Al2O3-SiO2 gels. J Mater Sci 29:1558–1568

Silva NT (2003) Síntese, caracterização e cinética de cristalização de pós precursores de cordierita por sol-gel coloidal sob ação de ácido cítrico. PhD. Dissertation, Instituto de Química, Unicamp, Campinas, SP

Campos AL, Silva NT, Melo FCL, Oliveira MAS, Thim GP (2002) Crystallization Kinetics of orthorrombic mullite from diphasic gels. J Non-Cryst Solids 304:19–24

Osawa C, Bertran CA (2005) Mullite formation from mixtures of alumina and silica sols: mechanism and pH effect. J Brazil Chem Soc 16:251–258

Cividanes LS, Brunelli DD, Bertran CA, Otani C, Thim GP (2009) Effect of urea on the kinetic mullite crystallization by the isoconversional, non- isothermal and Flynn-Wall-Ozawa method. Termochim Acta (submitted)

Cividanes LS, Campos TMB, Bertran CA, Thim GP (2009) Effect of Urea on the mullite crystallization. J. Non-Cryst. Solids (special issue: Crystallization 2009), (submitted)

Campos TMB, Cividanes LS, Garcia RBR, Kawachi EY, Thim GP (2008) Efeito do tratamento térmico e do ácido cítrico na cristalização da mulita. Proceedings of the 63° Congresso Anual da ABM, Santos, SP, Brazil, July 28-August 1, 2008

Sinkó K, Mezei R, Zrínyi M (2001) Gelation of aluminosilicate systems under different chemical conditions. J Sol–Gel Sci Techn 21:147–156

Mizukami F, Maeda K, Toba M, Sano T, Niwa S-I, Miyazaki M, Kojima K (1997) Effect of organic ligands used in sol-gel process on the formation of mullite. J Sol–Gel Sci Techn 8:101–106

Vol’khin VV, Kazakova IL, Pongratz P, Halwax E (2000) Mullite formation from highly homogeneous mixtures of Al2O3 and SiO2. Inorg Mater 36:375–379

Hench LL, West JK (1990) The sol–gel process. Chem Rev 90:33–72

Chakraborty AK (1994) Role of hydrolysis water-alcohol mixture on mullitization of Al2O3-SiO2 monophasic gels. J Mater Sci 29:6131–6138

Oliveira TC, Ribeiro CA, Brunelli DD, Thim GP (2009) Influence of water on the kinetics of mullite crystallization obtained from sol-gel method. Proceedings of the Crystallization 2009, Foz do Iguaçu, RS, Brazil, September 6–10, 2009

Oliveira TC (2008) Estudo da influência da água no processo cinético de cristalização de mulita obtida por sol-gel. MSc. Dissertation, Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica, São José dos Campos, SP

Iler RK (1979) The chemistry of silica. Wiley-VCH, New York

Corriu RJP, Leclercq D (1996) Recent developments of molecular chemistry for sol-gel processes. Angew Chem Int Edit 35:1420–1436

Colomban Ph (1989) Structure of oxide gels and glasses by infrared and Raman scattering. Part 2. Mullites. J Mater Sci 24:3011–3020

Yoldas BE, Partlow PP (1988) Formation of mullite and other alumina-based ceramics via hydrolytic polycondensation of alkoxides and resultant ultra- and microstructural effects. J Mater Sci 23:1895–1900

Vioux A (1997) Nonhydrolytic sol-gel routes to oxides. J Mater Chem 9:2292–2299

Hay JN, Raval HM (2001) Synthesis of organic-inorganic hybrids via the non-hydrolytic sol-gel process. J Mater Chem 13:3396–3403

Inoue M (2004) Glycothermal synthesis of metal oxides. JPhys-Condens Mat 16:S1291–S1303

Brinker CJ, Keefer KD, Schaefer DW, Assink RA, Kay BD, Ashley CS, Keefer KD, Schaefer DW, Ashley CS (1982) Sol–gel transition in simple silicates. J Non-Cryst Solids 48:47–64

Brinker CJ (1984) Sol–gel transition in simple silicates II. J Non-Cryst Solids 63:45–59

Alfaya AAS, Kubota LTA (2002) Utilização de materiais obtidos pelo processo sol -gel na construção de biossensores. Quim Nova 25:835–841

Abreu A Jr (2002) Efeito da Uréia na Síntese de Cerâmica PZT pelo Processo Sol-Gel. MSc. Dissertation, Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica, São José dos Campos, SP

Li F, Weng L-Q, Xu G-Y, Song S-H, Yu J (2005) Synthesis and characterization of microwave dielectric BaTi4O9 ceramics via EDTA-citrate gel process. Mater Lett 59:2973–2976

Sanchez C, Livage J, Henry M, Babonneau F (1988) Chemical modification of alkoxide precursors. J Non-Cryst Solids 100:65–76

Hubert-Pfalzraf LG (1998) Some aspects of homo and heterometallic alkoxides based on functional alcohols. Coordin Chem Rev 178:967–997

Schubert U (2005) Chemical modification of titanium alkoxides for sol-gel processing. J Mater Chem 15:3701–3715

Heinricj T, Raether F (1992) Structural characterization and phase development of sol-gel-derived mullite and its precursors. J Non-Cryst Solids 147–148:152–156

Chen Y-F, Vilminot S (1994) Thermal evolution of TEOS-Al(secBuO3)-Etac mullite gels. J Sol-Gel Sci Techn 2:399–402

Selvaraj U, Komarneni S, ROY R (1993) Structural differences in mullite xerogels from different precursors characterized by 27Al and 29Si MASNMR. J Solid State Chem 106:73–82

Cassidy DJ, Woolfrey JL, Bartlett JR, Ben-Nissan B (1997) The effect of precursor chemistry on the crystallisation and densification of sol-gel derived mullite gels and powders. J Sol-Gel Sci Techn 10:19–30

Shishkov IF, Vilkov LV, Kovacs A, Hargittai I, Tkalcec E, Nass R, Schmidt H, Schmauch J, Kurajica S, Bezjak A, Ivankovic H (1998) Crystallization kinetics of mullite from single-phase gel determined by isothermal differential scanning calorimetry. J Non-Cryst Solids 223:57–72

Ban T, Hayashi S, Yasumori A, Okada K (1996) Characterization of low temperature mullitization. J Eur Ceram Soc 16:127–132

Jaymes I, Douy A (1996) New aqueous mullite precursor synthesis: Structural study by 27Al and 29Si NMR spectroscopy. J Eur Ceram Soc 16:155–160

Leivo J, Lindén M, Teixeira CV, Puputti J, Rosenholm J, Levänen E, Mäntylä TA (2006) Sol-gel synthesis of a nanoparticulate aluminosilicate precursor for homogeneous mullite ceramics. J Mater Res 21:1279–1285

Gerardin C, Sundaresan S, Benziger JB, Navrotsky A (1994) Structural investigation and energetics of mullite formation from sol-gel precursors. Chem Mater 6:160–170

Padmaja P, Anilkumar GM, Mukundan P, Aruldhas G, Warrier KGK (2001) Characterisation of stoichiometric sol–gel mullite by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Int J Inorg Mater 3:693–698

Lee J-E, Kim J-W, Jung Y-G, Jo C-Y, Paik U (2002) Effects of precursor pH and sintering temperature on synthesizing and morphology of sol-gel processed mullite. Ceram Int 28:935–940

Wei W-C, Halloran JW (1988) Transformation kinetics of diphasic aluminosilicate gels. J Am Ceram Soc 71:581–587

Li DX, Thomson WJ (1990) Mullite formation kinetics of a single-phase gel. J Am Ceram Soc 73:964–969

Huling JC, Messing GL (1989) Hybrid gels for homoepitactic nucleation of mullite. J Am Ceram Soc 72:1725–1729

Zhao H, Hiragushi K, Mizota Y (2003) Mullite formation of colloidal matrix hybrid aluminosilicate gel. J Sol-Gel Sci Techn 27:287–291

Lim BC, Jang HM (1991) Crystallization kinetics and phase transformation characteristics in seeded monophasic cordierite gel. J Mater Res 6:2427–2434

Okada K, Otsuka N (1991) Review of mullite synthesis routes in Japan. Ceram Bull 70:1633–1640

Kleebe H-J, Siegelin F, Straubinger T, Ziegler G (2001) Conversion of Al2O3-SiO2 powder mixtures to 3:2 mullite following the stable or metastable phase diagram. J Eur Ceram Soc 21:2521–2533

Okada K (2008) Activation energy of mullitization from various starting materials. J Eur Ceram Soc 28:377–382

Nishio T, Kijima K, Kajiwara K, Fujiki Y (1994) The influence of preparation procedure in the mullite preparation by solution method to the mixing of Al and Si and the crystallization behavior. J Ceram Soc Japan 102:462–470

Nishio T, Fujiki Y (1991) Preparation of mullite fiber by sol-gel method. J Ceram Soc Japan 99:654–659

Okada K, Aoki C, Ban T, Hayashi S, Yasumori A (1996) Effect of aging temperature on the structure of mullite precursor prepared from tetraethoxysilane and aluminum nitrate in ethanol solution. J Eur Ceram Soc 16:149–153

Huling JC, Messing GL (1992) Chemistry-crystallization relations in molecular mullite gels. J Non-Cryst Solids 147–148:213–221

Beran A, Voll D, Schneider H (2000) Dehydration and structural development of mullite precursors: an FTIR spectroscopic study. J EurCeram Soc 21:2479–2485

Voll D, Beran A, Schneider H (1998) Temperature-dependent dehydration of sol-gel-derived mullite precursors: an ftir spectroscopic study. J Eur Ceram Soc 18:1101–1106

Sola ER, Estevan F, Torres FJ, Alarcón J (2005) Effect of thermal treatment on the structural evolution of 3:2 and 2:1 mullite monophasic gels. J Non-Cryst Solids 351:1202–1209

Schneider H, Komarneni S (2005) Mullite. Wiley-VCH, Weinheim

Ruscer CH, Schrader G, Gotte M (1996) Infra-red spectroscopic investigation in the mullite field of composition: Al2(Al2 + 2xSi2–2x)O10-x with 0.55 > x > 0.25. J Eur Ceram Soc 16:169–175

Herculano GEGC (2007) Estudo de soluções sólidas da mulita: fabricação e propriedades. MSc. Dissertation, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG

Sola ER, Torres FJ, Alarcón J (2006) Thermal evolution and structural study of 2:1 mullite from monophasic gels. J Eur Ceram Soc 26:2279–2284

Voll D, Angerer P, Beran A, Schneider HA (2002) New assignment of IR vibrational modes in mullite. Vib Spectrosc 30:237–243

Stefanescu M, Stoia M, Stefanescu O (2007) Thermal and FT-IR study of the hybrid ethylene-glycol-silica matrix. J Sol-Gel Sci Techn 41:71–78

Simendi B, Radonji LJ (2005) Formation of sol-gel nanostructured mullite by additions of fluoride ion. J Therm Anal Calorim 79:487–492

Hoffman DW, Roy R, Komarneni S (1984) Diphasic xerogels, a new class of materials: phases in the system Al2O3-SiO2. J Am Ceram Soc 67:468–471

Pach L, Iratni A, Hrabe Z, Svetík S, Komarneni S (1995) Sintering and crystallization of mullite in diphasic gels. J Mater Sci 30:5490–5494

Chakraborty AK, Das S (2003) Al-Si spinel phase formation in diphasic mullite gels. Ceram Int 29:27–33

Tkalcec E, Ivankovic H, Nass R, Schmidt H (2003) Crystallization kinetics of mullite formation in diphasic gels containing different alumina components. J Eur Ceram Soc 23(1465–1475):2003

Komarneni S, Rutiser C (1996) Single-phase and diphasic aerogels and xerogels of mullite: preparation and characterization. J Eur Ceram Soc 16:143–147

Thim GP (1997) Mulita: Síntese por Processamento Sol-Gel e Cinética de Cristalização. PhD. Dissertation, Instituto de Química, Unicamp, Campinas, SP

Okada K, Kaneda J-I, Kameshima Y, Yasumori A, Takei T (2003) Crystallization kinetics of mullite from polymeric Al2O3–SiO2 xerogels. Mater Res Bull 57:3155–3159

Douy A (2006) Crystallization of amorphous spray-dried precursors in the Al2O3–SiO2 system. J Eur Ceram Soc 26:1447–1454

Lee JS, Yu SC (1992) Mullite formation kinetics of coprecipitated Al2O3-SiO2 gels. Mater Res Bull 27:405–416

Boonstra AH, Bernardes TNM, Smits JJ (1989) The effect of formamide on silica sol–gel process. J Non-Cryst Solids 109:141–152

Cividanes LS, Garcia RBR, Kawachi EY, Bertran CA, Thim GP (2008) Efeito da uréia na cristalização da mulita. 18° CBECiMat

Volllet DR, Donatti DA, Domingos RN, Oliveira I (1998) Monolithic diphasic gels of mullite by sol-gel process under ultrasound stimulation. Ultrason Sonochem 5:79–81

Schneider H, Voll D, Saruhan B, Schmücker M, Schaller T, Sebald A (1994) Constitution of the γ-alumina phase in chemically produced mullite precursors. J Eur Ceram Soc 13:441–448

Huang YX, Senos AM, Rocha J, Baptista JL (1997) Gel formation in mullite precursors obtained via tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) pre-hydrolysis. J Mater Sci 32:105–110

Thim GP, Bertran CA, Barlette VE, Macêdo MIF, Oliveira MAS (2001) Experimental and Monte Carlo simulation: the role of urea in mullite synthesis. J Eur Ceram Soc 21:759–763

Cividanes LS (2009) Estudo do efeito da uréia na cinética de cristalização de mulita: experimental e computacional. MSc. Dissertation, Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica, São José dos Campos, SP

Bertran CA, Silva NT, Thim GP (2000) Citric acid effect on aqueous sol-gel cordierite synthesis. J Non-Cryst Solids 273:140–144

Hong S-H, Messing GL (1999) Anisotropic grain growth in boria-doped diphasic mullite gels. J Eur Ceram Soc 19:521–526

Assink RA, Kay BD (1993) The chemical kinetics of silicate sol-gels: functional group kinetics of tetraethoxysilane. Colloid Surf A 74:1–5

Silva CR, Airoldi C (1997) Acid and base catalysts in the hybrid silica sol-gel process. Colloid Interf Sci 195:381–387

Velev OD (1998) Microstructured porous silica obtained via colloidal crystal templates. Chem Mater 10:3597–3602

Carr SW, Courtney L, Sullivan AC (1997) Effects of molecular organic additives on formation and properties of organosilicate and silica xerogels correlated to structural properties of the additive. Chem Mater 9:1751–1756

Öye G (1997) Hydrolysis and condensation rates of tetramethylorthosilicate in alcohol solutions of hydrated metal salts as determined by means of FT-IR spectroscopy. Colloid Surf A 123:329–337

Pach L, Mankos P (1997) Diphasic mullite gel pressed at 1.5 GPa: mechanical properties and microstructure of ceramics. J Mater Sci 32:3195–3199

Treadwell DR, Dabbs DM, Aksay IA (1996) Mullite (3Al2O3–2SiO2) synthesis with aluminosiloxanes. Chem Mater 8:2056–2060

Ki CS (1998) Preparation of mullite fibres from aluminum isopropoxide-aluminum nitrate-tetraethylorthosilicate solutions by sol-gel method. Mater Lett 35:290–296

Okada K (1998) Sol-gel synthesis of mullite long fibres from water solvent systems. J Eur Ceram Soc 18:1879–1884

Zhang Y, Ding Y, Gao J, Yang J (2009) Mullite fibres prepared by sol–gel method using polyvinyl butyral. J Eur Ceram Soc 29:1101–1107

Ivankovic H, Tkalcec E, Rein R, Schmidt H (2006) Microstructure and high temperature 4-point bending creep of sol-gel derived mullite ceramics. J Eur Ceram Soc 26:1637–1646