Sự đảo ngược vận mệnh: các quỹ đạo tăng trưởng của Công giáo và Tin Lành ở Trung Quốc hiện đại

Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 48 - Trang 267-298 - 2019
Yanfei Sun1
1Department of Sociology, Zhejiang University (Zijingang Campus), Hangzhou, China

Tóm tắt

Bài báo này so sánh các quỹ đạo tăng trưởng của Công giáo và Tin Lành ở Trung Quốc hiện đại và đặt ra một câu hỏi hóc búa: Tại sao Công giáo, vốn duy trì ưu thế số lượng đáng kể về người cải đạo ở Trung Quốc so với Tin Lành trước năm 1949, lại tụt lại xa so với Tin Lành ngày nay? Bài báo xác định ba sự khác biệt quan trọng trong các đặc điểm thể chế của Công giáo và Tin Lành, nhưng cho thấy rằng một lập luận thể chế đơn thuần là không đủ để giải thích sự đảo ngược vận may của chúng. Nó lập luận rằng các quỹ đạo tăng trưởng của Công giáo và Tin Lành thay đổi ít hơn do các đặc điểm thể chế của họ đã trải qua những thay đổi lớn, mà nhiều hơn do các đặc điểm thể chế của họ đã diễn ra khác nhau trong các bối cảnh xã hội chính trị của Trung Quốc trước năm 1949, Trung Quốc dưới chế độ Mao Trạch Đông, và Trung Quốc hậu Mao. Bài báo đưa ra một cách tiếp cận mới kết hợp giữa lập luận thể chế hiện nay chiếm ưu thế với một góc nhìn lịch sử nhấn mạnh tầm quan trọng của các lực lượng chính trị để hiểu động lực tăng trưởng của các tôn giáo. Nó kết luận bằng cách đưa ra một số nhận xét sơ bộ về các mẫu hình chung của cách các đặc điểm thể chế của Công giáo và Tin Lành diễn ra dưới những loại cấu trúc chính trị khác nhau, hình thành nên sự thịnh vượng và suy vong của chúng trong bối cảnh toàn cầu.

Từ khóa

#Công giáo #Tin Lành #Trung Quốc hiện đại #vận mệnh tôn giáo #bối cảnh chính trị #động lực tăng trưởng tôn giáo

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