Resting the mind – A novel topic with scarce insights. Considering potential mental recovery strategies for short rest periods in sports

Astorino, 2012, Effect of caffeine on RPE and perceptions of pain, arousal, and pleasure/displeasure during a cycling time trial in endurance trained and active men, Physiology & Behavior, 106, 211, 10.1016/j.physbeh.2012.02.006 Azevedo, 2016, Effects of caffeine ingestion on endurance performance in mentally fatigued individuals, European Journal of Applied Physiology, 116, 2293, 10.1007/s00421-016-3483-y Balk, 2017, Physical recovery, mental detachment and sleep as predictors of injury and mental energy, Journal of Health Psychology Beckmann, 2015 Bishop, 2008, Recovery from training: A brief review, The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 22, 1015, 10.1519/JSC.0b013e31816eb518 Boksem, 2006, Mental fatigue, motivation and action monitoring, Biological Psychology, 72, 123, 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2005.08.007 Brooks, 2005, Naps, 457 Caia, 2018, The role of sleep in maximising performance in elite athletes, 151 Carney, 2014, Understanding mental and physical fatigue complaints in those with depression and insomnia, Behavioral Sleep Medicine, 12, 272, 10.1080/15402002.2013.801345 Coutts, 2016, Fatigue in football. It´s not a brainless task!, Journal of Sport Science, 34, 1296, 10.1080/02640414.2016.1170475 Crewther, 2012, Effects of different post-match recovery interventions on subsequent athlete hormonal state and game performance, Physiology & Behavior, 106, 471, 10.1016/j.physbeh.2012.03.015 Crowther, 2017, Team sport athletes’ perceptions and use of recovery strategies: A mixed-methods survey study, BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation, 9 De Bloom, 2017, Effects of park walks and relaxation exercises during lunch breaks on recovery from job stress: Two randomized controlled trials, Journal of Environmental Psychology, 51, 14, 10.1016/j.jenvp.2017.03.006 Debarnot, 2011, Daytime naps improve motor imagery learning, Cognitive, Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience, 11, 541, 10.3758/s13415-011-0052-z Driskell, 2005, The efficacy of naps as a fatigue countermeasure: A meta-analytic integration, Human Factors, 47, 360, 10.1518/0018720054679498 Ficca, 2010, Naps, cognition and performance, Sleep Medicine Reviews, 14, 249, 10.1016/j.smrv.2009.09.005 Geurts, 2006, Recovery as an explanatory mechanism in the relation between acute stress reactions and chronic health impairment, Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health, 32, 482, 10.5271/sjweh.1053 Guo, 2015, Effects of relaxing music on mental fatigue induced by a continuous performance task: Behavioral and ERPs evidence, PloS One, 10, 10.1371/journal.pone.0136446 Halson, 2014, Sleep in elite athletes and nutritional interventions to enhance sleep, Sports Medicine, 44, 13, 10.1007/s40279-014-0147-0 2013, Recovery for performance in sport, xi Heidari, 2019, Multidimensional monitoring of recovery status and implications for performance, Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 14, 2, 10.1123/ijspp.2017-0669 Hogg, 2002, Debriefing: A means to increasing recovery and subsequent performance, 181 Hunter, 2016, Give me a better break: Choosing workday break activities to maximize resource recovery, The Journal of Applied Psychology, 101, 302, 10.1037/apl0000045 Jerath, 2015, Self-Regulation of breathing as a primary treatment for anxiety, Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback, 40, 107, 10.1007/s10484-015-9279-8 Kaplan, 1995, The restorative benefits of nature: Toward an integrative framework, Journal of Environmental Psychology, 15, 169, 10.1016/0272-4944(95)90001-2 Karageorghis, 1997, The psychophysical effects of music in sport and exercise: A review, Journal of Sport Behavior, 20, 54 Karageorghis, 2018, Psychological and psychophysiological effects of recuperative music postexercise, Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 50, 739, 10.1249/MSS.0000000000001497 Keilani, 2016, Use of mental techniques for competition and recovery in professional athletes, Wiener Klinische Wochenschrift, 128, 315, 10.1007/s00508-016-0969-x Kellmann, 1994, Interrelation between stress and coaches’ behavior during rest periods, Perceptual and Motor Skills, 79, 207, 10.2466/pms.1994.79.1.207 Kellmann, 2018, Sport, recovery, and performance: A concluding summary, 260 2016, Recovery-stress questionnaire for athletes, 27 Kellmann, 2018, Recovery and performance in sport: Consensus statement, International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 13, 240, 10.1123/ijspp.2017-0759 Kellmann, 2018, Psychological relaxation techniques to enhance recovery in sports, 247 Kölling, 2019, Sleep-related issues for recovery and performance in athletes, International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 14, 144, 10.1123/ijspp.2017-0746 Kudlackova, 2013, Use of relaxation skills in differentially skilled athletes, Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 14, 468, 10.1016/j.psychsport.2013.01.007 Le Mansec, 2018, Mental fatigue alters the speed and the accuracy of the ball in table tennis, Journal of Sport Science, 36, 2751, 10.1080/02640414.2017.1418647 Lorist, 2005, Impaired cognitive control and reduced cingulate activity during mental fatigue, Cognitive Brain Research, 24, 199, 10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.01.018 Lovato, 2010, The effects of napping on cognitive functioning, Progress in Brain Research, 185, 155, 10.1016/B978-0-444-53702-7.00009-9 Macquet, 2015, Divide and rule: A qualitative analysis of the debriefing process in elite team sports, Applied Ergonomics, 51, 30, 10.1016/j.apergo.2015.04.005 Martin, 1999, Imagery use in sport: A literature review and applied model, The Sport Psychologist, 13, 245, 10.1123/tsp.13.3.245 McArdle, 2010, Exploring debriefing in sports: A qualitative perspective, Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 22, 320, 10.1080/10413200.2010.481566 Mierswa, 2017, Psychological detachment as moderator between psychosocial work conditions and low back pain development, International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health, 30, 313 Minett, 2014, Is recovery driven by central or peripheral factors? A role for the brain in recovery following intermittent-sprint exercise, Frontiers in Physiology, 5 Morris, 2005 Nédélec, 2012, Recovery in soccer: Part I - Post-match fatigue and time course of recovery, Sports Medicine, 42, 997 Nédélec, 2013, Recovery in soccer: Part II - recovery strategies, Sports Medicine, 43, 9, 10.1007/s40279-012-0002-0 Pageaux, 2018, The effects of mental fatigue on sport-related performance, Progress in Brain Research, 240, 291, 10.1016/bs.pbr.2018.10.004 Pageaux, 2013, Prolonged mental exertion does not alter neuromuscular function of the knee extensors, Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 45, 2254, 10.1249/MSS.0b013e31829b504a Pelka, 2016, Relaxation techniques in sports: A systematic review on acute effects on performance, Performance Enhancement & Health, 5, 47, 10.1016/j.peh.2016.05.003 Pelka, 2017, Acute effects of psychological relaxation techniques between two physical tasks, Journal of Sport Science, 35, 216, 10.1080/02640414.2016.1161208 Rattray, 2015, Is it time to turn our attention toward central mechanisms for post-exertional recovery strategies and performance?, Frontiers in Physiology, 6 Robson-Ansley, 2009, Fatigue management in the preparation of Olympic athletes, Journal of Sports Science, 27, 1409, 10.1080/02640410802702186 Smith, 2016, Mental fatigue impairs soccer-specific physical and technical performance, Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 48, 267, 10.1249/MSS.0000000000000762 Smith, 2015, Mental fatigue impairs intermittent running performance, Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 47, 1682, 10.1249/MSS.0000000000000592 Smith, 2018, Mental fatigue and soccer: Current knowledge and future directions, Sports Medicine, 48, 1525, 10.1007/s40279-018-0908-2 Sonnentag, 2007, The Recovery Experience Questionnaire: Development and validation of a measure for assessing recuperation and unwinding from work, Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 12, 204, 10.1037/1076-8998.12.3.204 Tucker, 2003, The impact of rest breaks upon accident risk, fatigue and performance: A review, Work and Stress, 17, 123, 10.1080/0267837031000155949 Turner, 2014 Van Cutsem, 2018, A caffeine-maltodextrin mouth rinse counters mental fatigue, Psychopharmacology, 235, 947, 10.1007/s00213-017-4809-0 Van Cutsem, 2017, The effects of mental fatigue on physical performance: A systematic review, Sports Medicine, 47, 1569, 10.1007/s40279-016-0672-0 Venter, 2014, Perceptions of team athletes on the importance of recovery modalities, European Journal of Sport Science, 14, 69, 10.1080/17461391.2011.643924 Waterhouse, 2007, The role of a short post-lunch nap in improving cognitive, motor, and sprint performance in participants with partial sleep deprivation, Journal of Sports Science, 25, 1557, 10.1080/02640410701244983