Response of height growth of regenerating trees in a Pinus tabulaeformis Carr. plantation to different thinning intensities

Forest Ecology and Management - Tập 444 - Trang 280-289 - 2019
Zhibin Wang1, Haijiao Yang2, Dihai Wang1, Zhong Zhao1
1Key Laboratory of Silviculture on the Loess Plateau State Forestry Administration, College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
2College of Landscape and Ecological Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, Hebei 056001, PR China

Tài liệu tham khảo

Adili, 2013, Unravelling the influence of light, litter and understorey vegetation on Pinus pinea natural regeneration, Forestry, 86, 297, 10.1093/forestry/cpt005 Angell, 2014, Predicting height growth of sugar pine regeneration using stand and individual tree characteristics, Forestry, 87, 85, 10.1093/forestry/cpt028 Balandier, 2007, Six-year time course of light-use efficiency, carbon gain and growth of beech saplings (Fagus sylvatica) planted under a Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) shelterwood, Tree. Physiol., 27, 1073, 10.1093/treephys/27.8.1073 Bao, S., 2013. Soil Analysis in Agricultural Chemistry. 3nd ed. China Agricultural Press, Beijing, pp. 34–110 (In Chinese). Barbeito, 2008, Effect of stand structure on Stone pine (Pinus pinea L.) regeneration dynamics, Forestry, 81, 617, 10.1093/forestry/cpn037 Brady, 1996 Caquet, 2010, Response to canopy opening does not act as a filter to Fagus sylvatica and Acer sp. advance regeneration in a mixed temperate forest, Ann. For. Sci., 67, 105, 10.1051/forest/2009086 Claveau, 2005, Interacting influence of light and size on aboveground biomass distribution in sub-boreal conifer saplings with contrasting shade tolerance, Tree. Physiol., 25, 373, 10.1093/treephys/25.3.373 Comeau, P., 2000. Measuring light in the forest. Extension Note 42. Ministry of Forests Research Program, British Columbia, 7 pp. Conover, 1981, A comparative study of tests for homogeneity of variances, with applications to the outer continental shelf bidding data, Technometrics, 23, 351, 10.1080/00401706.1981.10487680 Dekker, 2007, Effective height development of four co-occurring species in the gap-phase re­generation of Douglas fir monocultures under nature-oriented conversion, For. Ecol. Manage., 238, 189, 10.1016/j.foreco.2006.10.012 Dupuy, 2008, Interacting effects of canopy gap, understory vegetation and leaf litter on tree seedling recruitment and composition in tropical secondary forests, For. Ecol. Manage., 255, 3716, 10.1016/j.foreco.2008.03.021 Ganatsas, 2007, Effect of light conditions and salinity on germination behaviour and early growth of umbrella pine (Pinus pinea L.) seed, J. Hortic. Sci. Biotech., 82, 605, 10.1080/14620316.2007.11512280 Gaudio, 2011, Growth of understorey Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) saplings in response to light in mixed temperate forest, Forestry, 84, 187, 10.1093/forestry/cpr005 Gaudio, 2011, Light-mediated influence of three understorey species (Calluna vulgaris, Pteridium aquilinum, Molinia caerulea) on the growth of Pinus sylvestris seedlings, Eur. J. For. Res., 130, 77, 10.1007/s10342-010-0403-2 Hale, 2003, The effect of thinning intensity on the below-canopy light environment in a Sitka spruce plantation, For. Ecol. Manage., 179, 341, 10.1016/S0378-1127(02)00540-6 Hale, 2001, Light regime beneath Sitka spruce plantations in northern Britain: preliminary results, For. Ecol. Manage., 151, 61, 10.1016/S0378-1127(00)00696-4 Hanley, 2005, Potential management of young-growth stands for understory vegetation and wildlife habitat in southeastern Alaska, Land. Urb. Plan., 72, 95, 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2004.09.015 Ito, 2006, Maintaining plant species composition and diversity of understory vegetation under strip-clearcutting forestry in conifer plantations in Kyushu, southern Japan, For. Ecol. Manage., 231, 234, 10.1016/j.foreco.2006.05.056 Jackson, 1967 Kerr, 2000, Natural regeneration of Corsican pine (Pinus nigra subsp. laricio) in Great Britain, Forestry, 73, 479, 10.1093/forestry/73.5.479 Kerr, 2000, Uneven-aged silviculture: common myths explored, Q. J. For., 94, 145 Kneeshaw, 2006, Sapling size influences shade tolerance ranking among southern boreal tree species, J. Ecol., 94, 471, 10.1111/j.1365-2745.2005.01070.x Kneeshaw, 2007, Natural canopy gap disturbances and their role in maintaining mixed-species forests of central Quebec, Canada, Can. J. For. Res., 37, 1534, 10.1139/X07-112 Löf, 2010, Conversion of Norway spruce to broadleaves-regeneration systems, fencing and performance of planted seedlings, Ecol. Bull., 53, 165 MacCracken, 2005, Effects of uneven-aged timber harvest on forest floor vertebrates in the Cascade Mountains of southern Washington, For. Ecol. Manage., 208, 123, 10.1016/j.foreco.2004.11.020 Maltez-Mouro, 2007, Recruitment patterns in a Mediterranean oak forest: a case study showing the importance of the spatial component, For. Sci., 53, 645 Maltez-Mouro, 2009, Influence of forest structure and environmental variables on recruit survival and performance of two Mediterranean tree species (Quercus faginea L. and Q. suber Lam.), Eur. J. For. Sci., 128, 27 Miralles, 2011, Rhamnus alaternus growth under four simulated shade environments: morphological, anatomical and physiological responses, Sci. Hortic., 127, 562, 10.1016/j.scienta.2010.12.005 Naaf, 2007, Effects of gap size, light and herbivory on the herb layer vegetation in European beech forest gaps, For. Ecol. Manage., 244, 141, 10.1016/j.foreco.2007.04.020 Navarro, 2010, Effects of different intensities of overstory thinning on tree growth and understory plant-species productivity in a semi-arid Pinus halepensis Mill. afforestation, Forest. Syst., 19, 410, 10.5424/fs/2010193-8858 Osei-Tutu, 2018, Effect of multipurpose trees and shrubs on degraded mined-out soil in a semi-deciduous forest zone of West Africa, Land. Degrad. Dev., 29, 3432, 10.1002/ldr.3110 Ott, R.L., Longnecker, M., 2010. Statistical Methods and Data Analysis. 6th ed. Duxbury, Pacific Grove, CA, p. 652. Otto, 2012, Effects of thinning on seed rain, regeneration and understory vegetation in a Pinus canariensis plantation (Tenerife, Canary Islands), For. Ecol. Manage., 280, 71, 10.1016/j.foreco.2012.05.027 Otto, 2010, Regeneration niche of the Canarian juniper: the role of adults, shrubs and environmental conditions, Ann. For. Sci., 67, 709, 10.1051/forest/2010034 Page, 2001, Influence of overstorey basal area to density and growth of advance regeneration in Stika spruce variably thinned stand, For. Ecol. Manage., 151, 25, 10.1016/S0378-1127(00)00693-9 Paulo, 2011, Nonlinear fixed and random generalized height-diameter models for Portuguese cork oak stands, Ann. For. Sci., 68, 295, 10.1007/s13595-011-0041-y Pukkala, 2012, 29 R Core Team, 2012. R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. R foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria <http://www.r-project.org/>. Raymond, 2009, The irregular shelterwood system: review, classification, and potential application to forests affected by partial disturbances, J. For., 107, 405 Reineke, 1933, Perfecting a stand-density index for even-aged forest, J. Agric. Res., 46, 627 Roberts, 2004, Response of the herbaceous layer to natural disturbance in North American forests, Can. J. Bot., 82, 1273, 10.1139/b04-091 Rodriguez-Garcia, 2011, Climatic variability and other site factor influences on natural regeneration of Pinus pinaster Ait. in Mediterranean forests, Ann. For. Sci., 68, 811, 10.1007/s13595-011-0078-y Romell, 2008, Artificial canopy gaps in a Macaranga spp. dominated secondary tropical rain forest-effects on survival and above ground increment of four under-planted dipterocarp species, For. Ecol. Manage., 255, 1452, 10.1016/j.foreco.2007.11.003 Royston, 1982, An extension of Shapiro and Wilk's W test for normality to large samples, J. Roy. Stat. Soc. C-APP., 31, 115 Shen, 1978, Study on artificial mixed forest of Pinus tabulaeformis in Xishan Region, Beijing, Sci. Silva. Sin., 3, 12 Shen, 1985, Studies on the nutrient cycling of Pinus tabulaeformis plantation I. Content and distribution of nutrient elements, J. Beijing For. College, 4, 1 Sullivan, 2005, Long-term responses of ecosystem components to stand thinning in young lodgepole pine forest II. Diversity and population dynamics of forest floor small mammals, For. Ecol. Manage., 205, 1, 10.1016/j.foreco.2004.10.001 Vilhar, 2015, Variation in irradiance, soil features and regeneration patterns in experimental forest canopy gaps, Ann. For. Sci., 72, 253, 10.1007/s13595-014-0424-y Wang, 2011, The influence of gap creation on the regeneration of Pinus tabuliformis planted forest and its role in the near-natural cultivation strategy for planted forest management, For. Ecol. Manage., 262, 413, 10.1016/j.foreco.2011.04.007 Wang, 2017, Effects of canopy gap size on growth and spatial patterns of Chinese pine (Pinus tabulaeformis) regeneration, For. Ecol. Manage., 385, 46, 10.1016/j.foreco.2016.11.022 Waring, 2009, Stand development and tree growth response to sugar pine mortality in Sierran mixed-conifer forests, Northwest. Sci., 83, 89, 10.3955/046.083.0201 Webster, 2005, Minimum opening sizes for canopy recruitment of midtolerant tree species: a retrospective approach, Ecol. Appl., 15, 1245, 10.1890/04-0763 Weng, 2007, Microclimatic responses to different thinning intensities in a Japanese cedar plantation of northern Taiwan, For. Ecol. Manage., 241, 91, 10.1016/j.foreco.2006.12.027 Willis, 2015, Scarification and gap size have interacting effects on northern temperate seedling establishment, For. Ecol. Manage., 347, 237, 10.1016/j.foreco.2015.02.026 Xu, 1993 Xu, 1963, Изyчeниe ecтecтвeннoгo вoзoбнoвлeния cocны (pinus tabulaeformis) в paйoнe чэндэ пpoвинции xэбэй, Sci. Silva. Sin., 8, 223 Zarnoch, 2004, Using crown condition variables as indicators of forest health, Can. J. For. Res., 34, 1057, 10.1139/x03-277 Zhang, W., Xu, B., 1986. The method of long-term research on forest soil. Chinese Forestry Press, Beijing, pp. 30–36 (In Chinese). Zhu, 2003, Effect of gap size created by thinning on seedling emergency, survival and establishment in a coastal pine forest, For. Ecol. Manage., 182, 339, 10.1016/S0378-1127(03)00094-X