Respiratory gas conditioning in infants with an artificial airway

Seminars in Neonatology - Tập 7 - Trang 369-377 - 2002
Andreas Schulze1
1Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Neonatology, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany

Tài liệu tham khảo

Jeffery, 1977, The respiratory mucus membrane, 193 Yeager, 1971, Tracheobronchial secretions, Am J Med, 50, 493, 10.1016/0002-9343(71)90338-X Iravani, 1972, Mucus transport in the tracheobronchial tree of normal and bronchitic rats, Pathologe, 106, 81, 10.1002/path.1711060204 Puchelle, 1984, Fine structure of the frog palate mucociliary epithelium, J Submicrosc Cytol, 16, 273 Aiello, 1977, Ciliary function of the frog oropharyngeal epithelium, Cell Tissue Res, 178, 267, 10.1007/BF00219053 Brain, 1977, Quantification, origin and fate of pulmonary macrophages, 849 Spungin, 1984, Stimulation of mucus secretion, ciliary activity and transport in frog palate epithelium, Am J Physiol, 247, C299, 10.1152/ajpcell.1984.247.5.C299 Walker, 1961, Heat and water exchange in the respiratory tract, Am J Med, 30, 259, 10.1016/0002-9343(61)90097-3 McFadden, 1983, Respiratory heat and water exchange: physiological and clinical implications, J Appl Physiol, 54, 331, 10.1152/jappl.1983.54.2.331 Baile, 1985, Role of tracheal and bronchial circulation in respiratory heat exchange, J Appl Physiol, 58, 217, 10.1152/jappl.1985.58.1.217 Baile, 1987, Effect of autonomic blockade on tracheobronchial blood flow, J Appl Physiol, 62, 520, 10.1152/jappl.1987.62.2.520 Dery, 1967, Humidity in anaesthesiology. 3. Heat and moisture patterns in the respiratory tract during anaesthesia with the semi-closed system, Can Anaesth Soc J, 14, 287, 10.1007/BF03003698 McFadden, 1985, Thermal mapping of the airways in humans, J Appl Physiol, 58, 564, 10.1152/jappl.1985.58.2.564 Dery, 1973, The evolution of heat and moisture in the respiratory tract during anaesthesia with a non-rebreathing system, Can Anaesth Soc J, 20, 296, 10.1007/BF03027168 Primiano, 1988, Water vapor and temperature dynamics in the upper airways of normal and CF subjects, Eur Respir J, 1, 407 McFadden, 1982, Direct recordings of the temperatures in the tracheobronchial tree in normal man, J Clin Invest, 69, 700, 10.1172/JCI110498 Williams, 1996, Relationship between the humidity and temperature of inspired gas and the function of the airway mucosa, Crit Care Med, 24, 1920, 10.1097/00003246-199611000-00025 Puchelle, 1987, Rheologic properties controlling mucociliary frequency and respiratory mucus transport, Biorheology, 24, 557, 10.3233/BIR-1987-24606 Sleigh, 1988, The propulsion of mucus by cilia, Am Rev Respir Dis, 137, 726, 10.1164/ajrccm/137.3.726 Hirsch, 1975, Effects of dry air and subsequent humidification on tracheal mucus velocity in dogs, J Appl Physiol, 39, 242, 10.1152/jappl.1975.39.2.242 Kilburn, 1968, A hypothesis for pulmonary clearance and its implications, Am Rev Respir Dis, 98, 449 Anderson, 1982, Sensitivity to heat and water loss at rest and during exercise in asthmatic patients, Eur J Respir Dis, 63, 459 Hahn, 1984, A reinterpretation of the effect of temperature and water content of the inspired air in exercise-induced asthma, Am Rev Respir Dis, 130, 575 Anderson, 1985, Airway cooling as the stimulus to exercise-induced asthma—a re-evaluation, Eur J Respir Dis, 67, 20 Freed, 2000, Thermally induced asthma and airway drying, Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 161, 2112, 10.1164/ajrccm.161.6.16161a Tarnow-Mordi, 1989, Low inspired gas temperature and respiratory complications in very low birth weight infants, J Pediatr, 114, 438, 10.1016/S0022-3476(89)80567-0 Boros, 1986, Necrotizing tracheobronchitis: a complication of high frequency ventilation, J Pediatr, 109, 95, 10.1016/S0022-3476(86)80585-6 Hanson, 1988, Necrotizing tracheobronchitis, Am J Dis Child, 142, 1094, 10.1001/archpedi.1988.02150100088034 Circeo, 1991, Overwhelming necrotizing tracheobronchitis due to inadequate humidification during high-frequency jet ventilation, Chest, 100, 268, 10.1378/chest.100.1.268 Lomholt, 1968, A method of humidification in ventilator treatment of neonates, Br J Anaesth, 40, 335, 10.1093/bja/40.5.335 Fonkalsrud, 1980, Reduction of operative heat loss and pulmonary secretions in neonates by use of heated and humidified anesthetic gases, J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 80, 718, 10.1016/S0022-5223(19)37717-7 Sosulski, 1983, Respiratory water loss and heat balance in intubated infants receiving humidified air, J Pediatr, 103, 307, 10.1016/S0022-3476(83)80374-6 Shelly, 1988, A review of the mechanisms and methods of humidification of inspired gases, Intensive Care Med, 14, 1, 10.1007/BF00254114 Quinn, 1996, Pulmonary care, 101 Mebius, 1983, A comparative evaluation of disposable humidifiers, Acta Anaesthesiol Scand, 27, 403, 10.1111/j.1399-6576.1983.tb01977.x Schiffmann, 1997, Airway humidification in mechanically ventilated neonates and infants: a comparative study of a heat and moisture exchanger vs. a heated humidifier using a new fast-response capacitive humidity sensor, Crit Care Med, 25, 1755, 10.1097/00003246-199710000-00029 Bissonnette, 1989, Passive or active inspired gas humidification increases thermal steady-state temperatures in anesthetized infants, Anesth Analg, 69, 783, 10.1213/00000539-198912000-00017 Bissonnette, 1989, Passive and active inspired gas humidification in infants and children, Anesthesiology, 71, 350, 10.1097/00000542-198909000-00006 Bissonnette, 1989, Intraoperative temperature monitoring sites in infants and children and the effect of inspired gas warming on esophageal temperature, Anesth Analg, 69, 192, 10.1213/00000539-198908000-00009 Schiffmann, 1999, Determination of airway humidification in high-frequency oscillatory ventilation using an artificial neonatal lung model. Comparison of a heated humidifier and a heat and moisture exchanger, Intensive Care Med, 25, 997, 10.1007/s001340050995 Misset, 1991, Heat and moisture exchanger vs heated humidifier during long-term mechanical ventilation. A prospective randomized study, Chest, 100, 160, 10.1378/chest.100.1.160 Branson, 1993, Humidification in the intensive care unit. Prospective study of a new protocol utilizing heated humidification and a hygroscopic condenser humidifier, Chest, 104, 1800, 10.1378/chest.104.6.1800 Kollef, 1998, A randomized clinical trial comparing an extended-use hygroscopic condenser humidifier with heated-water humidification in mechanically ventilated patients, Chest, 113, 759, 10.1378/chest.113.3.759 Nakagawa, 2000, Effects of a heat and moisture exchanger and a heated humidifier on respiratory mucus in patients undergoing mechanical ventilation, Crit Care Med, 28, 312, 10.1097/00003246-200002000-00004 Ricard, 2000, Efficiency and safety of mechanical ventilation with a heat and moisture exchanger changed only once a week, Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 161, 104, 10.1164/ajrccm.161.1.9902062 Briassoulis, 2000, Hypercapnia due to a heat and moisture exchanger, Intensive Care Med, 26, 147, 10.1007/s001340050033 Casta, 1997, Acute intraoperative endotracheal tube obstruction associated with a heat and moisture exchanger in an infant, Anesth Analg, 84, 939, 10.1213/00000539-199704000-00051 Gedeon, 1987, Neonatal hygroscopic condenser humidifier, Crit Care Med, 15, 51, 10.1097/00003246-198701000-00012 Tilling, 1987, Heat and moisture exchangers in artificial ventilation. An experimental study of the effect of gas leakage, Br J Anaesth, 59, 1181, 10.1093/bja/59.9.1181 Barnes, 1996, Failure of ventilation in an infant due to increased resistance of a disposable heat and moisture exchanger, Anesth Analg, 83, 193, 10.1213/00000539-199607000-00037 Rathgeber, 1996, Conditioning of air in mechanically ventilated patients, 501, 10.1007/978-3-642-80053-5_41 Djedaini, 1997, Comparisons between three types of heat and moisture exchangers changed every 48 hours during mechanical ventilation, Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 155, A769 Ricard, 1999, Bedside evaluation of efficient airway humidification during mechanical ventilation of the critically ill, Chest, 115, 1646, 10.1378/chest.115.6.1646 Cheney, 1968, The effects of ultrasonically produced aerosols on airway resistance in man, Anestesiology, 29, 1099, 10.1097/00000542-196811000-00004 Melville, 1970, Changes in specific airway resistance during prolonged breathing of moist air, Can J Physiol Pharmacol, 48, 592, 10.1139/y70-090 Tamer, 1970, Hyponatremia secondary to ultrasonic aerosol therapy in the newborn infant, J Pediatr, 77, 1051, 10.1016/S0022-3476(70)80092-0 Sladen, 1968, Pulmonary complications and water retention in prolonged mechanical ventilation, N Engl J Med, 279, 448, 10.1056/NEJM196808292790902 Williams, 1998, The effects of excessive humidity, Respir Care Clin N Am, 4, 215 Tenaillon, 1990, Effect of periodical instillation of isotonic salt solute on tracheal tubes permeability, Intensive Care Med, 16, 112 Hanley, 1978, What happens to intratracheal saline instillations, Am Rev Respir Dis, 117, 124S Ackerman, 1985, The use of bolus normal saline instillations in artificial airways: Is it useful or necessary, Heart Lung, 14, 505 Redding, 1980, Pseudomonas fluorescence cross infection due to contaminated humidifier water, Br Med J, 281, 275, 10.1136/bmj.281.6235.275 Christopher, 1983, The potential role of respiratory therapy equipment in cross infection. A study using a canine model for pneumonia, Am Rev Respir Dis, 128, 271 Craven, 1984, Contaminated condensate in mechanical ventilator circuits: a risk factor for nosocomial pneumonia, Am Rev Respir Dis, 129, 625 Lareau, 1978, The relationship between frequency of ventilator circuit changes and infectious hazard, Am Rev Respir Dis, 118, 493 Craven, 1982, Contamination of mechanical ventilators with tubing changes every 24 or 48 hours, N Engl J Med, 306, 1505, 10.1056/NEJM198206243062501 Dreyfuss, 1991, Prospective study of nosocomial pneumonia and of patient and circuit colonization during mechanical ventilation with circuit changes every 48 hours versus no change, Am Rev Respir Dis, 143, 738, 10.1164/ajrccm/143.4_Pt_1.738 Hess, 1995, Weekly ventilator circuit changes. A strategy to reduce costs without affecting pneumonia rates, Anesthesiology, 82, 903, 10.1097/00000542-199504000-00013 Dreyfuss, 1995, Mechanical ventilation with heated humidifiers or heat and moisture exchangers: effects on patient colonization and incidence of nosocomial pneumonia, Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 151, 986 Cadwallader, 1990, Bacterial contamination and frequency of changing ventilator circuitry, J Hosp Infect, 15, 65, 10.1016/0195-6701(90)90022-G