Giải quyết ảnh hưởng của biến đổi khí hậu đến quần thể cá

ICES Journal of Marine Science - Tập 66 Số 7 - Trang 1570-1583 - 2009
A.D. Rijnsdorp1, Myron A. Peck2, Georg H. Engelhard3, Christian Möllmann2, John K. Pinnegar3
1Wageningen IMARES (Institute for Marine Resources and Ecosystem Studies), PO Box 68, 1970 AB IJmuiden, The Netherlands, and Aquaculture and Fisheries Group, Department of Animal Science, Wageningen University, PO Box 338, 6700 AH, Wageningen, The Netherlands
2Institute of Hydrobiology and Fisheries Science, University of Hamburg, Olbersweg 24, 22767 Hamburg, Germany
3Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, Pakefield Road, Lowestoft NR33 0HT, England, UK

Tóm tắt

Tóm tắt

Rijnsdorp, A. D., Peck, M. A., Engelhard, G. H., Möllmann, C., và Pinnegar, J. K. 2009. Giải quyết ảnh hưởng của biến đổi khí hậu đến quần thể cá. – Tạp chí Khoa học Biển ICES, 66: 1570–1583. Bài báo này phát triển một khuôn khổ nghiên cứu về ảnh hưởng của khí hậu đến quần thể cá dựa trên những nguyên tắc đầu tiên của sinh lý học, sinh thái học và các quan sát có sẵn. Các biến số môi trường và các đặc trưng thủy văn liên quan đến cá và có khả năng bị ảnh hưởng bởi biến đổi khí hậu đã được xem xét. Các giả thuyết làm việc được xây dựng từ những khác biệt trong phản ứng dự kiến của các nhóm loài khác nhau. Một cuộc rà soát các dữ liệu đã công bố về các loài cá ở Đông Bắc Đại Tây Dương đại diện cho những liên kết sinh địa lý khác nhau, các môi trường sống và kích thước cơ thể cho thấy sự hỗ trợ cho giả thuyết rằng sự nóng lên toàn cầu dẫn đến sự thay đổi về số lượng và phân bố (trong các mẫu xuất hiện theo vĩ độ và độ sâu) của các loài cá. Các loài cá pelagic cho thấy sự thay đổi rõ rệt trong mẫu di cư theo mùa liên quan đến những thay đổi do khí hậu gây ra trong năng suất zooplankton. Các loài Lusitanian đã gia tăng trong những thập kỷ gần đây (cá trích, cá cơm, và cá thu), đặc biệt là ở giới hạn phía bắc của các khu vực phân bố của chúng, trong khi các loài Boreal giảm ở giới hạn phía nam của vùng phân bố (cá tuyết và cá bơn), nhưng tăng ở giới hạn phía bắc (cá tuyết). Mặc dù các cơ chế cơ bản vẫn chưa chắc chắn, nhưng các bằng chứng hiện có cho thấy những thay đổi liên quan đến khí hậu trong thành công tuyển chọn có thể là quá trình chính, xuất phát từ việc gia tăng sản xuất hoặc tỷ lệ sống trong giai đoạn trứng hoặc ấu trùng pelagic, hoặc do những thay đổi trong chất lượng/số lượng của các môi trường sống ươm giống.

Từ khóa


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