Kháng cự không phải là vô ích: một đánh giá hệ thống về lợi ích, cơ chế và độ an toàn của tập luyện kháng lực ở những người bị suy tim

Heart Failure Reviews
Bradley A. Morris1, Reza Sinaei1, Neil A. Smart1
1University of New England, Armidale, NSW, 2350, Australia

Tóm tắt

Tóm tắtTập luyện mang lại nhiều lợi ích về thể chất và sức khỏe cho những người mắc suy tim (CHF), nhưng các nghiên cứu công bố chủ yếu tập trung vào tập luyện aerobic (AT). Tập luyện kháng lực (RT) mang lại lợi ích sức khỏe bổ sung và phụ trợ cho AT ở những người bị CHF; chúng tôi nhằm làm rõ những lợi ích sức khỏe cụ thể đạt được, cơ chế tác động và độ an toàn của RT. Chúng tôi đã tiến hành tìm kiếm có hệ thống các thử nghiệm ngẫu nhiên, có đối chứng về RT ở những người mắc CHF, tính đến ngày 30 tháng 8 năm 2023. RT mang lại một số lợi ích bao gồm cải thiện chức năng thể chất (đỉnh VO2 và 6MWD), chất lượng cuộc sống, chức năng tim tâm thu và tâm trương, chức năng mạch máu nội mô, sức mạnh cơ bắp, các chỉ số cơ bắp kháng viêm, cảm giác thèm ăn và tỷ lệ sự kiện nghiêm trọng. RT có lợi và cải thiện đỉnh VO2 và 6MWD, một phần phục hồi hồ sơ sợi cơ bình thường và giảm viêm. Điều này dẫn đến giảm nguy cơ hoặc tác động của sarcopenia/cachexia thông qua tác động lên cảm giác thèm ăn. Tác động tích cực lên chất lượng cuộc sống và hiệu suất của các hoạt động hàng ngày liên quan đến chức năng được cải thiện, từ đó cải thiện tiên lượng. RT dường như an toàn với chỉ một sự kiện nghiêm trọng được báo cáo và không có trường hợp tử vong. Tuy nhiên, một số ít sự kiện đã được báo cáo cho đến nay hạn chế phân tích mạnh mẽ. RT dường như an toàn và mang lại lợi ích sức khỏe cho những người mắc CHF. RT điều chỉnh hồ sơ hình thái cơ bất lợi có mặt ở những người mắc CHF và dường như an toàn. Bắt đầu từ từ với RT và tăng tải lên 80% mức tối đa một lần lặp (RM) dường như mang lại lợi ích tối ưu.

Từ khóa

#tập luyện kháng lực #suy tim #lợi ích sức khỏe #cơ chế tác động #độ an toàn

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Heart Failure Reviews

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