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Sinh sản và nhân khẩu học của bọ rùa ăn rệp, Hippodamia variegata trên sáu loài rệp
Tóm tắt
Chúng tôi đã thử nghiệm sáu loài rệp, bao gồm Aphis gossypii, Aphis craccivora, Brevicoryne brassicae, Lipaphis erysimi, Myzus persicae và Uroleucon compositae như là thức ăn thiết yếu cần thiết cho sự sinh sản và nhân khẩu học của bọ rùa ăn rệp Hippodamia variegata. Các cá thể cái có khả năng sinh sản cao (1210.8 ± 55.31 trứng) với thời gian đẻ trứng kéo dài (56.30 ± 2.36 ngày) và đẻ ra nhiều trứng có khả năng sống sót nhất (92.91 ± 0.81%) khi được cho ăn bằng A. gossypii (nuôi trên Lagenaria vulgaris) với tỷ lệ sinh sản ròng cao nhất (449.45 ± 20.53 cái / cái). Aphis craccivora (nuôi trên Dolichos lablab) hỗ trợ giá trị tối ưu cho tỷ lệ gia tăng nội tại (0.183 ± 0.003) với thời gian thế hệ ngắn nhất (32.40 ± 0.557 ngày). Các chế độ ăn khác không cho thấy cải thiện hiệu suất nhưng được định lượng là thức ăn thiết yếu. Brassica nuôi B. brassicae và L. erysimi ít phù hợp hơn nhưng không phải là con mồi bị loại bỏ. Tính sinh sản theo độ tuổi của H. variegata cái có dạng hàm hình tam giác với đỉnh đẻ trứng vào giai đoạn sinh sản sớm khi được cho ăn bằng A. gossypii, A. craccivora, U. compositae hoặc M. persicae, trong khi đỉnh bị lệch về giai đoạn sinh sản muộn khi cho ăn bằng B. brassicae hoặc L. erysimi. Tính sinh sản có tương quan dương với khả năng sống sót của trứng và thời gian đẻ trứng. Chúng tôi đã sử dụng kỹ thuật jackknife để ước lượng và so sánh các tham số nhân khẩu học trong các nhóm. Giá trị cao của tỷ lệ gia tăng nội tại và tỷ lệ gia tăng hữu hạn trên A. gossypii và A. craccivora khẳng định tính thích hợp của chúng cho việc nuôi cấy bổ sung H. variegata. Chúng tôi kết luận rằng cả A. gossypii và A. craccivora trên các cây chủ tương ứng đã nêu đều là chế độ ăn rệp rất thích hợp cho việc nhân giống hàng loạt H. variegata.
Từ khóa
#rệp #bọ rùa ăn rệp #sinh sản #nhân khẩu học #Aphis gossypii #Aphis craccivoraTài liệu tham khảo
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