Removal of inorganic anions from drinking water supplies by membrane bio/processes

Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 3 - Trang 361-380 - 2005
Svetlozar Velizarov1, João G. Crespo1, Maria A. Reis1
1CQFB/REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, FCT, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal

Tóm tắt

This paper is designed to provide an overview of the main membrane-assisted processes that can be used for the removal of toxic inorganic anions from drinking water supplies. The emphasis has been placed on integrated process solutions, including the emerging issue of membrane bioreactors. An attempt is made to compare critically recently reported results, reveal the best existing membrane technologies and identify the most promising integrated membrane bio/processes currently being under investigation. Selected examples are discussed in each case with respect to their advantages and limitations compared to conventional methods for removal of anionic pollutants. The use of membranes is particularly attractive for separating ions between two liquid phases (purified and concentrated water streams) because many of the difficulties associated with precipitation, coagulation or adsorption and phase separation can be avoided. Therefore, membrane technologies are already successfully used on large-scale for removal of inorganic anions such as nitrate, fluoride, arsenic species, etc. The concentrated brine discharge and/or treatment, however, can be problematic in many cases. Membrane bioreactors allow for complete depollution but water quality, insufficiently stable process operation, and economical reasons still limit their wider application in drinking water treatment. The development of more efficient membranes, the design of cost-effective operating conditions, especially long-term operations without or with minimal membrane inorganic and/or biological fouling, and reduction of the specific energy consumption requirements are the major challenges.

Tài liệu tham khảo

T Ahmed MJ Semmens (1992) ArticleTitleThe use of independently sealed microporous membranes for oxygenation of water: Model development J. Membr. Sci. 69 11–20 Z Amor B Bariou N Mameri M Taky S Nicolas A Elmidaoui (2001) ArticleTitleFluoride removal from brackish water by electrodialysis Desalination 133 215–223 AM Barreiros CM Rodrigues JPSG Crespo MAM Reis (1998) ArticleTitleMembrane bioreactor for drinking water denitrification Biop. Eng. 18 297–302 RM Ben Aim MJ Semmens (2002) ArticleTitleMembrane bioreactors for wastewater treatment and reuse: A success story Water Sci. Technol. 47 1–5 RA Bergman (1995) ArticleTitleMembrane softening versus lime softening in Florida: A cost comparison update Desalination 102 11–24 J Bohdziewicz M Bodzek E Wasik (1999) ArticleTitleThe application of reverse osmosis and nanofiltration to the removal of nitrates from groundwater Desalination 121 139–147 P Bouillot A Canales A Pareilleux A Huyard G Goma (1990) ArticleTitleMembrane bioreactors for the evaluation of maintenance phenomena in wastewater treatment J. Ferment. Bioeng. 69 178–183 P Brandhuber G Amy (1998) ArticleTitleAlternative methods for membrane filtration of arsenic from drinking water Desalination 117 1–10 K Brindle T Stephenson (1996) ArticleTitleThe application of membrane biological reactors for the treatment of wastewaters of special interest Biotechnol. Bioeng. 49 601–610 E Carraro EH Bugliosi L Meucci C Baiocchi G Gilli (2000) ArticleTitleBiological drinking water treatment processes, with special reference to mutagenicity Water Res. 34 3042–3054 Y Çengeloglu A Tor E Kir M Ersoz (2003) ArticleTitleTransport of hexavalent chromium through anion-exchange membranes Desalination 154 239–246 G Centi S Perathoner (2003) ArticleTitleRemediation of water contamination using catalytic technologies Appl. Catal. B: Environ. 41 15–29 J Chang J Manem A Beaubien (1993) ArticleTitleMembrane bioprocesses for the denitrification of drinking water supplies J. Membr. Sci. 80 233–239 N Cicek (2003) ArticleTitleA review of membrane bioreactors and their potential application in the treatment of agricultural wastewater Can. Biosyst. Eng. 45 6.37–6.49 JD Coates RT Anderson (2000) ArticleTitleEmerging techniques for anaerobic bioremediation of contaminated environments Trends Biotechnol. 18 408–412 D Cohen HM Conrad (1998) ArticleTitle65,000 GPD fluoride removal membrane system in Lakeland, California, USA Desalination 117 19–35 P Cote JL Bersillon G Faup (1988) ArticleTitleBubble free aeration using membranes: Process analysis J. Water Pollut. Control Fed. 60 1986–1992 Crespo JG, Reis AM, Fonseca AD & Almeida JS (1999) Ion Exchange Membrane Bioreactor for Water Denitrification. Portuguese National Patent No. 102385 N. Crespo JG & Reis AM (2001) Treatment of Aqueous Media Containing Electrically Charged Compounds. International Patent PCT-WO 01/40118 A1. EH Cwirko RG Carbonell (1990) ArticleTitleA theoretical analysis of Donnan dialysis across charged porous membranes J. Membr. Sci. 48 155–179 K Daub G Emig M-J Chollier M Callant R Dittmeyer (1999) ArticleTitleStudies on the use of catalytic membranes for reduction of nitrate in drinking water Chem. Eng. Sci. 54 1577–1582 B Delanghe F Nakamura H Myoga Y Magara (1994) ArticleTitleBiological denitrification with ethanol in a membrane bioreactor Environ. Technol. 15 61–70 J DeZuane (1997) Handbook of Drinking Water Quality EditionNumber2 John Wiley & Sons New York CK Diawara SM Lô M Rumeau M Pontie O Sarr (2003) ArticleTitleA phenomenological mass transfer approach in nanofiltration of halide ions for a selective defluorination of brackish drinking water J. Membr. Sci. 219 103–112 A Dieye C Larchet B Auclair C Mar-Diop (1998) ArticleTitleElimination des fluorures par la dialyse ionique croisée Eur. Polymer J. 34 67–75 J Duan J Gregory (2003) ArticleTitleCoagulation by hydrolysing metal salts Adv. Coll. Inter. Sci. 100–102 475–502 A Elmidaoui F Elhannouni M Taky L Chay MAM Sahli L Echihabi M Hafsi (2002) ArticleTitleOptimization of nitrate removal operation from ground water by electrodialysis Sep. Purif. Technol. 29 235–244 SJ Ergas AF Reuss (2001) ArticleTitleHydrogenotrophic denitrification of drinking water using a hollow fibre membrane bioreactor J. Water SRT–Aqua 50 161–171 AD Fonseca JG Crespo JS Almeida AM Reis (2000) ArticleTitleDrinking water denitrification using a novel ion-exchange membrane bioreactor Environ. Sci. Technol. 2000 34 1557–1562 M Gander B Jefferson S Judd (2000) ArticleTitleAerobic MBRs for domestic wastewater treatment: A review with cost considerations Sep. Purif. Technol. 18 119–130 H Garmes F Persin J Sandeaux G Pourcelly M Mountadar (2002) ArticleTitleDefluoridation of groundwater by a hybrid process combining adsorption and Donnan dialysis Desalination 145 87–291 A Hafiane D Lemordant M Dhahbi (2000) ArticleTitleRemoval of hexavalent chromium by nanofiltration Desalination 130 305–312 G Hagmeyer R Gimbel (1998) ArticleTitleModelling the salt rejection of nanofiltration membranes for ternary ion mixtures and for single salts at different pH values Desalination 117 247–256 B Han T Runnells J Zimbron R Wickramasinghe (2002) ArticleTitleArsenic removal from drinking water by flocculation and microfiltration Desalination 145 293–298 KS Haugen MJ Semmens PJ Novak (2002) ArticleTitleA novel in situ technology for the treatment of nitrate contaminated groundwater Water Res. 36 3497–3506 F Hell J Lahnsteiner H Frischherz G Baumgartner (1998) ArticleTitleExperience with full-scale electrodialysis for nitrate and hardness removal Desalination 117 173–180 M Hichour F Persin J Sandeaux C Gavach (2000) ArticleTitleFluoride removal from waters by Donnan dialysis Sep. Purif. Technol. 18 1–11 CM Ho SK Tseng YJ Chang (2001) ArticleTitleAutotrophic denitrification via a novel membrane-attached biofilm reactor Lett. Appl. Microbiol. 33 201–205 WSW Ho KK Sirkar (1992) Membrane Handbook Van Nostrand Reinhold New York JG Jacangelo RR Trussell M Watson (1997) ArticleTitleRole of membrane technology in drinking water treatment in the United States Desalination 113 119–127 PE Jackson (2001) ArticleTitleDetermination of inorganic ions in drinking water by ion chromatography TrAC Trends. Anal. Chem. 20 320–329 A Kapoor T Viraraghavan (1997) ArticleTitleNitrate removal from drinking water–review J. Environ. Eng. 123 371–380 K Kimura M Nakamura Y Watanabe (2002) ArticleTitleNitrate removal by a combination of elemental sulfur-based denitrification and membrane filtration Water Res. 36 1758–1766 K-C Lee BE Rittmann (2000) ArticleTitleA novel hollow-fiber membrane biofilm reactor for autohydrogenotrophic denitrification of drinking water Wat Sci. Technol. 41 219–226 K-C Lee BE Rittmann (2002) ArticleTitleApplying a novel autohydrogenotrophic hollow-fiber membrane biofilm reactor for denitrification of drinking water Water Res. 36 2040–2052 K-C Lee BE Rittmann (2003) ArticleTitleEffects of pH and precipitation on autohydrogenotrophic denitrification using the hollow-fiber membrane-biofilm reactor Water Res. 37 1551–1556 R Levenstein D Hasson R Semiat (1996) ArticleTitleUtilization of the Donnan effect for improving electrolyte separation with nanofiltration membranes J. Membr. Sci. 116 77–92 A Lhassani M Rumeau D Benjelloun M Pontie (2001) ArticleTitleSelective demineralization of water by nanofiltration. Application to the defluorination of brackish water. Water Res. 35 3260–3264 BO Mansel ED Schroeder (1999) ArticleTitleBiological denitrification in a continuous flow membrane reactor Water Res. 33 1845–1850 BO Mansel ED Schroeder (2002) ArticleTitleHydrogenotrophic denitrification in a microporous membrane bioreactor Wat Res. 36 4683–4690 PR McCleaf ED Schroeder (1995) ArticleTitleDenitrification using a membrane immobilized biofilm J. AWWA 87 IssueID3 77–86 B Min PJ Evans AK Chu BE Logan (2004) ArticleTitlePerchlorate removal in sand and plastic media bioreactors Water Res. 38 47–60 R Nerenberg BE Rittmann I Najm (2002) ArticleTitlePerchlorate reduction in a hydrogen-based membrane-biofilm reactor J. AWWA 94 IssueID11 103–114 H Nicoll (2001) ArticleTitleNanofiltration makes surface water drinkable Filtr. Sep. 38 IssueID1 22–23 RY Ning (2002) ArticleTitleArsenic removal by reverse osmosis Desalination 143 237–241 L Paugam S Taha J Cabon G Dorange (2002) ArticleTitleElimination of nitrate ions in drinking waters by nanofiltration Desalination 152 271–274 M Petrović S Gonzalez D Barceló (2003) ArticleTitleAnalysis and removal of emerging contaminants in wastewater and drinking water TrAC Trends Anal. Chem. 22 685–696 SD Richardson (2003) ArticleTitleDisinfection by-products and other emerging contaminants in drinking water TrAC Trends Anal. Chem. 22 666–684 SMC Ritchie D Bhattacharyya (2002) ArticleTitleMembrane-based hybrid processes for high water recovery and selective inorganic pollutant separation J. Hazard Mat. 92 21–32 BE Rittmann R Nerenberg K-C Lee I Najm TE Gillogly GE Lehman SS Adham (2004) ArticleTitleThe hydrogen-based hollow-fiber membrane biofilm reactor (HFMBfR) for removing oxidized contaminants Water Sci. Technol. 14 127–133 DK Roggy PJ Novak RM Hozalski LW Clapp MJ Semmens (2002) ArticleTitleMembrane gas transfer for groundwater remediation: Chemical and biological fouling Environ. Eng. Sci. 19 563–574 V Roquebert S Booth RS Cushing G Crozes E Hansen (2000) ArticleTitleElectrodialysis reversal (EDR) and ion exchange as polishing treatment for perchlorate treatment Desalination 131 285–291 K Salem J Sandeaux J Molénat R Sandeaux C Gavach (1995) ArticleTitleElimination of nitrate from drinking water by electrochemical membrane processes Desalination 101 123–131 T Sata (2000) ArticleTitleStudies on anion exchange membranes having permselectivity for specific anions in electrodialysis-effect of hydrophilicity of anion exchange membranes on permselectivity of anions J. Membr. Sci. 167 1–31 Y Sato M Kang T Kamei Y Magara (2002) ArticleTitlePerformance of nanofiltration for arsenic removal Water Res. 36 3371–3377 JJ Schoeman A Steyn (2003) ArticleTitleNitrate removal with reverse osmosis in a rural area in South Africa Desalination 155 15–26 MJ Semmens (1991) ArticleTitleBubbleless aeration Water Eng. Manage. 138 IssueID4 18–19 MJ Semmens Essila (2001) ArticleTitleModeling biofilms on gas-permeable supports: Flux limitations J. Environ. Eng. 127 126–133 DR Simbeck (2004) ArticleTitleCO2 capture and storage–the essential bridge to the hydrogen economy Energy 29 1633–1641 Smith CW, Di Gregorio D & Talcott RM (1969) The use of ultrafiltration membrane for activated sludge separation. Proceedingds of the 24th Annual Purdue Industrial Waste Conference, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA (pp 1300–1310) AH Smith PA Lopipero MN Bates CM Steinmaus (2002) ArticleTitleArsenic epidemiology and drinking water standards Science 296 2145–2146 M Thanuttamavong K Yamamoto J-I Oh KH Choo SJ Choi (2002) ArticleTitleRejection characteristics of organic and inorganic pollutants by ultra low-pressure nanofiltration of surface water for drinking water treatment Desalination 145 257–264 T Urase J-I. Oh K Yamamoto (1998) ArticleTitleEffect of pH on rejection of different species of arsenic by nanofiltration Desalination 117 11–18 US EPA (1998) Federal Register 63 (170) FR 44511f. US EPA (2002) Perchlorate environmental contamination: Toxicological review and risk characterization, External Review Draft, NCEA-1-0503, January 16, 2002 B Bruggen ParticleVan der K Everaert D Wilms C Vandecasteele (2001) ArticleTitleApplication of nanofiltration for removal of pesticides, nitrate and hardness from ground water: Rejection properties and economic evaluation J. Membr. Sci. 193 239–248 B Bruggen ParticleVan der A Koninckx C Vandecasteele (2004) ArticleTitleSeparation of monovalent and divalent ions from aqueous solution by electrodialysis and nanofiltration Water Res. 38 1347–1353 S Velizarov JG Crespo AM Reis (2002) ArticleTitleIon exchange membrane bioreactor for selective removal of nitrate from drinking water: Control of ion fluxes and process performance Biotechnol Prog 18 296–302 Velizarov S., Matos C, Crespo JG & Reis AM (2004) Removal of perchlorate and nitrate from drinking water in an ion exchange membrane bioreactor. Proceedings of the European Symposium on Environmental Biotechnology ESEB 2004, April 25–28, Oostende, Belgium (pp 99–102) Velizarov S, Matos C, Sequeura A, Reis AM & Crespo JG (2003b) Removal of trace mono-valent inorganic pollutants using the ion exchange membrane bioreactor concept. Proceedings of the Membrane Science and Technology Conference “PERMEA 2003”, September 7–11, Tatranské Matliare, Slovakia (Conference CD-ROM) S Velizarov AM Reis JG Crespo (2003a) ArticleTitleRemoval of trace mono-valent inorganic pollutants in an ion exchange membrane bioreactor: Analysis of transport rate in a denitrification process J. Membr. Sci. 217 269–284 S Velizarov CM Rodrigues AM Reis JG Crespo (2000) ArticleTitleMechanism of charged pollutants removal in an ion exchange membrane bioreactor: Drinking water denitrification Biotechnol Bioeng 71 245–254 EM Vrijenhoek JJ Waypa (2000) ArticleTitleArsenic removal from drinking water by a “loose” nanofiltration membrane Desalination 130 265–277 WHO (2003) Draft guidelines for drinking water quality, 3rd edn. World Health Organization, Geneva. http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/GDWQ/ T Wintgens J Rosen T Melin C Brepols K Drensla N Engelhardt (2003) ArticleTitleModelling of a membrane bioreactor system for municipal wastewater treatment J. Membr. Sci. 216 55–65 C Wisniewski F Persin T Cherif R Sandeaux G Grasmick C Gavach F Lutin (2002) ArticleTitleUse of a membrane bioreactor for denitrification of brine from an electrodialysis process Desalination 149 331–336 J Yoon Y Yoon G Amy J Cho D Foss T-H Kim (2003) ArticleTitleUse of surfactant modified ultrafiltration for perchlorate (ClO4−) removal Water Res. 37 2001–2012