Mối Quan Hệ Giữa Các Mô Hình Dinh Dưỡng và Sự Tiếp Xúc Chì Ở Mức Độ Thấp Ở Trẻ Em Từ Tỉnh Hồ Nam, Trung Quốc

Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 14 - Trang 531-541 - 2021
Zhi Huang1,2, Xiao-chen Yin3, Ming Chen3, Mei-ling Li4, Bo Chen1, Yu-ming Hu3
1Key Laboratory of Phytochemical R&D of Hunan Province and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
2School of Public Health and Laboratory, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, China
3The Department of Toxicology, Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha, China
4School of Public Health, Central-South University, Changsha, China

Tóm tắt

Chì (Pb) là một kim loại độc hại mạnh trong môi trường. Ít nghiên cứu tập trung vào sự tiếp xúc với Pb ở mức độ thấp ở trẻ em. Nghiên cứu này đánh giá mối quan hệ giữa các mô hình dinh dưỡng và sự tiếp xúc với Pb ở mức độ thấp ở trẻ em từ tỉnh Hồ Nam, Trung Quốc. Một nghiên cứu cắt ngang đã được thực hiện tại một trường tiểu học duy nhất, nằm ở tỉnh Hồ Nam. Tổng cộng có 425 trẻ em được tuyển chọn. Phân tích thành phần chính được sử dụng để xác định các mô hình dinh dưỡng dựa trên việc tiêu thụ thực phẩm từ bảng hỏi về tần suất tiêu thụ thực phẩm (FFQ). Mức chì trong máu (BLLs) được đo. Phân tích hồi quy đa biến được sử dụng để điều tra mối liên hệ giữa BLLs và các mô hình dinh dưỡng. Ba mô hình dinh dưỡng đã được xác định: cân bằng, thực vật và đồ uống - đồ ăn nhẹ. Nồng độ chì trong máu (trung vị (IQR)) là 2,00 (2,00, 15,96) μg/L. Chỉ có 0,24% BLLs của trẻ em đạt  ≥100 µg/L và 1,18% BLLs của trẻ em đạt ≥ 50 µg/L. Có sự khác biệt đáng kể về BLLs theo giới tính của trẻ em (p = 0,007). Không tìm thấy mối liên hệ đáng kể nào giữa các mô hình dinh dưỡng và BLLs qua phân tích hồi quy logistic dựa trên phần trăm 50 (P50) của chì trong máu. Mô hình thực vật có sự liên kết tích cực với log-Pb trong máu (B = 0,04, 95% CI: 0,00, 0,08, p = 0,035) trong nhóm > P50 qua phân tích hồi quy tuyến tính. Huyết áp tâm thu (SBP) (B = 7,44, 95% CI: 2,80, 12,09, p = 0,002) và huyết áp tâm trương (DBP) (B = 5,46, 95% CI: 1,53, 9,40, p = 0,007) có sự liên hệ tích cực với log-Pb trong máu ở nhóm > P50. BLLs ở mức thấp trong số trẻ em từ 4–7 tuổi tại tỉnh Hồ Nam, Trung Quốc. Có sự khác biệt đáng kể về BLLs theo giới tính của trẻ em. BLLs thấp không có mối liên hệ với các mô hình dinh dưỡng. Tuy nhiên, mô hình thực vật có thể trở thành một nguồn chì trong máu quan trọng khi BLLs tăng lên. Sự gia tăng BLLs có thể góp phần vào việc nâng cao huyết áp ở trẻ em.

Từ khóa

#Chì #trẻ em #mô hình dinh dưỡng #tiếp xúc mức độ thấp #huyết áp

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