Regularities of Formation of Diversity of Life Strategy and Genetic Variability of The Kamchatka Rainbow Trout Parasalmo mykiss in a Local Population
Tóm tắt
The diversity of life strategy, population structure, size, age and sex composition, growth and variability of 11 microsatellite loci in mykiss (rainbow trout) Parasalmo mykiss of the Utkholok River (Northwestern Kamchatka) were studied. The mykiss population represents a system of groupings with different types of life strategy: anadromous fish prevail in the population, while river and semi-anadromous (estuarine and riverine-estuarine) fish are less common. Each of the groupings has specific size, age and sex composition, the ratio of the first time-maturing and re-maturing fish. At that, the individuals with different types of life strategy reproduce together on the same spawning grounds and there is no isolation between them. Analysis of the variability of microsatellite loci revealed no significant differences for any locus between the observed genotypic distributions and the theoretical Hardy – Weinberg distributions. The genetic differentiation of mykiss in the Utkholok River relates to the differences between fish with a river-estuarine life strategy and the others in three loci (Ots3, One108, and One112). The results of clustering show the maximum value of the probability of belonging to the same cluster of all mykiss individuals with different life strategies. Significant differences at the some loci are not evidencing their reproductive isolation. It has been found that mykiss population of Utkholok River is an integrated dynamic system of groupings with different types of life strategies, which are formed in each generation because of the cumulative impact of environmental factors and heredity.
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