Regeneration Patterns of European Oak Species (Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl., Quercus robur L.) in Dependence of Environment and Neighborhood

G Aas, 2002, Enzyklopädie der Holzgewächse

Bohn U, Gollub G, Hettwer C, Zupancic M, Puncer I, Seliskar A. Karte der natürlichen Vegetation Europas: Maßstab 1: 2 500 000 (Map of the natural vegetation of Europe: scale 1: 2 500 000); 2004.

I Bossema, 1979, Jays and Oaks: An Eco-Ethological Study of a Symbiosis, Behaviour, 70, 1, 10.1163/156853979X00016

RR Askew, 1980, The Diversity of Insect Communities in Leafmines and Plant Galls, Journal of Animal Ecology, 49, 817, 10.2307/4229

U Ammer, 1999, Arten-, Prozeß- und Ressourcenschutz vor dem Hintergrund faunistischer Untersuchungen im Kronenraum des Waldes, Forstwissenschaftliches Centralblatt, 118, 70, 10.1007/BF02768976

J Böhme, 2001

J Müller, 2007, Single host trees in a closed forest canopy matrix: a highly fragmented landscape?, Journal of Applied Entomology, 131, 613, 10.1111/j.1439-0418.2007.01227.x

J Müller, 2009, Predicting the occurrence of Middle Spotted Woodpecker Dendrocopos medius on a regional scale, using forest inventory data, Forest Ecology and Management, 257, 502, 10.1016/j.foreco.2008.09.023

BMELV. Die zweite Bundeswaldinventur—BWI2—Das Wichtigste in Kürze zu den Erhebungen 2001 bis 2002. Bonn; 2002.

von Lüpke B. Regeneration of beech-oak-mixed stands in Central Europe under continuous cover management (Proceedings from the 7th International Beech Symposium, IUFRO Research Group 1.10.00, 10–20 May 2004, Tehran, Iran). 2004: 128–34.

A Bolte, 2009, Adaptive forest management in central Europe: Climate change impacts, strategies and integrative concept, Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research, 24, 473, 10.1080/02827580903418224

A Reif, 2010, Forest management in times of climate change–synergies and potential conflicts between forestry and nature conservation, Naturschutz und Landschaftsplanung, 42, 261

A Roloff, 2008, Waldbaumarten und ihre Verwendung im Klimawandel, Arch. Forstw., 42, 97

G Aas, 2002, Enzyklopädie der Holzgewächse. Handbuch und Atlas der Dendrologie

E Dreyer, 1994, Compared sensitivity of seedlings from 3 woody species (Quercus robur L., Quercus rubra L. and Fagus sylvatica L.) to water-logging and associated root hypoxia: effects on water relations and photosynthesis, Annales des Sciences Forestières, 51, 417, 10.1051/forest:19940407

B Alaoui-Sossé, 2005, Influence of flooding on growth, nitrogen availability in soil, and nitrate reduction of young oak seedlings (<italic>Quercus robur</italic> L.), Annals of Forest Science, 62, 593, 10.1051/forest:2005052

E Bourtsoukidis, 2014, Impact of flooding and drought conditions on the emission of volatile organic compounds of Quercus robur and Prunus serotina, Trees, 28, 193, 10.1007/s00468-013-0942-5

M Schmull, 2000, Morphological and physiological reactions of young deciduous trees (Quercus robur L., Q. petraea [Matt.] Liebl., Fagus sylvatica L.) to waterlogging, Plant and Soil, 225, 227, 10.1023/A:1026516027096

N Bréda, 1993, Field comparison of transpiration, stomatal conductance and vulnerability to cavitation of Quercus petraea and Quercus robur under water stress, Annales des Sciences Forestières, 50, 571, 10.1051/forest:19930606

J Parelle, 2007, Intra- and interspecific diversity in the response to waterlogging of two co-occurring white oak species (Quercus robur and Q. petraea), Tree Physiol, 27, 1027, 10.1093/treephys/27.7.1027

E Röhrig, 2006

AS Watt, 1919, On the Causes of Failure of Natural Regeneration in British Oakwoods, Journal of Ecology, 7, 173, 10.2307/2255275

MW Shaw, 1968, Factors affecting the natural regeneration of sessile oak (Quercus petraea) in North Wales: I. A preliminary study of acorn production, viability and losses, Journal of Ecology, 56, 565, 10.2307/2258251

P Meyer, 2006, 1

M Löf, 1998, The influence of site preparation on growth in Quercus robur L. seedlings in a southern Sweden clear-cut and shelterwood, Forest Ecology and Management, 109, 241, 10.1016/S0378-1127(98)00254-0

TR Crow, 1988, Reproductive Mode and Mechanisms for Self-Replacement of Northern Red Oak (Quercus rubra)—A Review, Forest Science, 34, 19, 10.1093/forestscience/34.1.19

C Kühne, 2004

JD Ovington, 1960, The growth of seedlings of Quercus petraea, Journal of Ecology, 48, 549, 10.2307/2257332

S Saha, 2012, Growth and quality of young oaks (Quercus robur and Quercus petraea) grown in cluster plantings in central Europe: A weighted meta-analysis, Forest Ecology and Management, 283, 106, 10.1016/j.foreco.2012.07.021

G Ligot, 2013, Height competition between Quercus petraea and Fagus sylvatica natural regeneration in mixed and uneven-aged stands, Forest Ecology and Management, 304, 391, 10.1016/j.foreco.2013.05.050

MW Shaw, 1968, Factors affecting the natural regeneration of sessile oak (Quercus petraea) in North Wales: II. Acorn losses and germination under field conditions, Journal of Ecology, 56, 647, 10.2307/2258097

R Harmer, 1994, Natural regeneration of broadleaved trees in Britain: II. Seed production and predation, Forestry, 67, 275, 10.1093/forestry/67.4.275-a

U Nilsson, 1996, Germination and early growth of sown Quercus robur L. in relation to soil preparation, sowing depths and prevention against predation, New Forest, 12, 69, 10.1007/BF00029983

A Reif, 2007, Die natürliche Verjüngung der laubabwerfenden Eichenarten Stieleiche (Quercus robur L.) und Traubeneiche (Quercus petraea Liebl.)—eine Literaturstudie mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der Waldweide; (Natural regeneration of the deciduous oak species Pedunculate Oak (Quercus robur L.) and Sessile Oak (Quercus petraea Liebl.)–a literature review with focus on wood pasture), Waldoekologie online, 5, 79

DR Larsen, 1997, Oak regeneration and overstory density in the Missouri Ozarks, Can. J. For. Res., 27, 869, 10.1139/x97-010

DL Parrott, 2013, The effect of soil scarification on Quercus seedling establishment within upland stands of the Northern Cumberland Plateau, North. J. appl. For., 30, 125, 10.5849/njaf.13-002

B Ulrich, 1966, Kationenaustausch—Gleichgewichte in Böden, Zeitschrift für Pflanzenernährung, Düngung, Bodenkunde, 113, 141, 10.1002/jpln.19661130208

2003, Begriffe, Definitionen, Einteilungen, Kennzeichnungen, Erläuterungen

Oksanen J, Blanchet FG, Kindt R, Legendre P, Minchin PR, O’Hara RB, et al. vegan: Community Ecology Package. R package version 2.0–9. <ext-link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://CRAN.R-project.org/package/vegan" xlink:type="simple">http://CRAN.R-project.org/package/vegan</ext-link>; 2013.

MB Kursa, 2010, Feature Selection with the Boruta Package, Journal of Statistical Software, 36, 1, 10.18637/jss.v036.i11

L Breiman, 2001, Random Forests, Machine Learning, 45, 5, 10.1023/A:1010933404324

A Liaw, 2012, Classification and Regression by randomForest, 2, 18

Giraudoux P. pgirmess: Data analysis in ecology. R package version 1.5.9. <ext-link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://CRAN.R-project.org/web/packages/pgirmess" xlink:type="simple">http://CRAN.R-project.org/web/packages/pgirmess</ext-link>; 2014.

MJ Crawley, 2007, The R Book, 10.1002/9780470515075

R Development Core Team. R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing; 2013.

PG Jarvis, 1964, The Adaptability to Light Intensity of Seedlings of Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl, Journal of Ecology, 52, 545, 10.2307/2257848

B Ziegenhagen, 1995, Productivity of young shaded oaks (Quercus robur L.) as corresponding to shoot morphology and leaf anatomy, Forest Ecology and Management, 72, 97, 10.1016/0378-1127(94)03482-C

B von Lüpke, 2004, Beitrag zur Modellierung der Jungwuchsentwicklung am Beispiel von Traubeneichen-Buchen-Mischverjüngungen, Allg. Forst Jagdztg., 175, 61

JP Dech, 2008, Understorey plant community characteristics and natural hardwood regeneration under three partial harvest treatments applied in a northern red oak (Quercus rubra L.) stand in the Great Lakes-St. Lawrence forest region of Canada, Forest Ecology and Management, 256, 760, 10.1016/j.foreco.2008.05.033

RMA Gill, 1992, A Review of Damage by Mammals in North Temperate Forests: 3. Impact on Trees and Forests, Forestry, 65, 363, 10.1093/forestry/65.4.363-a

CG Lorimer, 1994, Tall Understorey Vegetation as a Factor in the Poor Development of Oak Seedlings Beneath Mature Stands, Journal of Ecology, 82, 227, 10.2307/2261291

C Collet, 1996, Effect of two forest grasses differing in their growth dynamics on the water relations and the growth of Quercus petraea seedlings, Can. J. Bot., 74, 1562, 10.1139/b96-189

M Čater, 2006, Groundwater and Light Conditions as Factors in the Survival of Pedunculate Oak (Quercus robur L.) Seedlings, Eur J Forest Res, 125, 419, 10.1007/s10342-006-0134-6

J Krahl-Urban, 1959, Forstliche Monographie der Traubeneiche und der Stieleiche

MW Shaw, 1974, The British Oak: Its History and Natural History, 162

G Eitingen, 1926, Der Wuchs der Eiche in Abhängigkeit von dem Gewicht der Eicheln, Forstwissenschaftliches Centralblatt, 48, 849, 10.1007/BF02423252

G Aas, 1998, Libri Botanici, 19

C Ammer, 2008, Ontogenetic variation in the relative influence of light and belowground resources on European beech seedling growth, Tree Physiology, 28, 721, 10.1093/treephys/28.5.721

N Wada, 1997, Japanese Maple (Acer palmatum var. Matsumurae, Aceraceae) Recruitment Patterns: Seeds, Seedlings, and Saplings in Relation to Conspecific Adult Neighbors, American Journal of Botany, 84, 1294, 10.2307/2446055

WC Parker, 2008, Influence of overstory density on ecophysiology of red oak (Quercus rubra) and sugar maple (Acer saccharum) seedlings in central Ontario shelterwoods, Tree Physiol, 28, 797, 10.1093/treephys/28.5.797

KC Major, 2013, Regeneration dynamics of non-native northern red oak (Quercus rubra L.) populations as influenced by environmental factors: A case study in managed hardwood forests of southwestern Germany, Forest Ecology and Management, 291, 144, 10.1016/j.foreco.2012.12.006

K Shimoda, 1994, The regeneration of pioneer tree species under browsing pressure of Sika deer in an evergreen oak forest, Ecol. Res., 9, 85, 10.1007/BF02347245

J Bergquist, 2009, Effects of roe deer browsing and site preparation on performance of planted broadleaved and conifer seedlings when using temporary fences, Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research, 24, 308, 10.1080/02827580903117420

E Wiedemann, 1927, Über den künstlichen gruppenweisen Voranbau von Tanne und Buche, Allg. Forst Jagdztg, 103, 433

MD Abrams, 1992, Fire and the Development of Oak Forests, BioScience, 42, 346, 10.2307/1311781

MD Abrams, 2005, Prescribing Fire in Eastern Oak Forests: Is Time Running Out?, Northern Journal of Applied Forestry, 22, 190, 10.1093/njaf/22.3.190

DC Dey, 2000, Anthropogenic fire history and red oak forests in south-central Ontario, Forestry chronicle, 76, 339, 10.5558/tfc76339-2

PR Aldrich, 2005, Confirmation of Oak Recruitment Failure in Indiana Old-Growth Forest: 75 Years of Data, Forest Science, 51, 406, 10.1093/forestscience/51.5.406

G Weber-Blaschke, 2008, Growth and nutrition of young European ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.) and sycamore maple (Acer pseudoplatanus L.) on sites with different nutrient and water statuses, Eur J Forest Res, 127, 465, 10.1007/s10342-008-0230-x

B von Lüpke, 1999, Production forestry without clear felling: will oak become marginalized?, Forst und Holz, 54, 563

H Pretzsch, 2001

H Ellenberg, 2001

M Löf, 2000, Establishment and growth in seedlings of Fagus sylvatica and Quercus robur: influence of interference from herbaceous vegetation, Can. J. For. Res., 30, 855, 10.1139/cjfr-30-6-855

M Löf, 2004, Influence of herbaceous competitors on early growth in direct seeded Fagus sylvatica L. and Quercus robur L, Annals of Forest Science, 61, 781, 10.1051/forest:2004075

V Vasic, 2014, Application of post-emergence herbicides in the regeneration of pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) forests, Forestry, 87, 407, 10.1093/forestry/cpt060

DE Goldberg, 1990, Perspectives on plant competition, 27