Giảm thiểu tổn thất nitơ từ đất canh tác vùng đồi ở vùng đất màu tím Tây Nam Trung Quốc

Wang Tao1, Zhu Bo1, Kuang Fuhong1
1Key Laboratory of Mountain Environment Evolvement and Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China

Tóm tắt

Tổn thất nitơ (N) liên quan đến dòng chảy bên từ đất canh tác trên đồi là một vấn đề toàn cầu đáng quan tâm. Các thí nghiệm thực địa đã được thực hiện trên đất màu tím để nghiên cứu cách giảm thiểu tổn thất N liên quan đến dòng chảy bên bằng cách thay thế phân bón hữu cơ cho phân bón khoáng. Các điều kiện nghiên cứu đã được thiết kế để áp dụng cùng một lượng N cho bốn chế độ phân bón khác nhau: chỉ sử dụng phân bón N, phân bón khoáng (MF), phân bón khoáng cùng với phân gia súc (MFL), và phân bón khoáng với rơm cây trồng (MFS). Kết quả cho thấy tổn thất N qua dòng chảy bên tổng cộng đối với MFL và MFS đã giảm 44,1% và 36,9%, tương ứng, so với chế độ phân bón MF, khi sử dụng cùng một lượng N. Hơn nữa, năng suất cây trồng ở các chế độ phân bón MFL và MFS cao hơn so với chế độ phân bón MF. Những phát hiện này có thể dẫn đến một phương pháp mới quan trọng trong việc kiểm soát tổn thất N qua dòng chảy bên từ đất canh tác trên đồi bằng cách thay thế một phần phân bón khoáng bằng phân bón hữu cơ, sử dụng cùng một lượng phân bón hữu cơ.

Từ khóa

#nitơ #tổn thất nitơ #dòng chảy bên #đất canh tác #phân bón hữu cơ

Tài liệu tham khảo

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