Recommendations for quantification of Doppler echocardiography: A report from the Doppler quantification task force of the nomenclature and standards committee of the American Society of Echocardiography
Tóm tắt
Từ khóa
Tài liệu tham khảo
Zoghbi, 1986, Determination of cardiac output by Doppler echocardiography: a critical appraisal, Herz, 11, 258
Lewis, 1984, Pulsed Doppler echocardiographic determination of stroke volume and cardiac output: clinical validation of two new methods using the apical window, Circulation, 70, 425, 10.1161/01.CIR.70.3.425
Enriquez-Sarano, 1993, Quantitative Doppler assessment of valvular regurgitation, Circulation, 87, 841, 10.1161/01.CIR.87.3.841
Zoghbi, 1986, Accurate noninvasive quantification of stenotic aortic valve area by Doppler echocardiography, Circulation, 73, 452, 10.1161/01.CIR.73.3.452
Nakatani, 1988, Value and limitations of Doppler echocardiography in the quantification of stenotic mitral valve area: comparison of the pressure half-time and the continuity equation methods, Circulation, 77, 78, 10.1161/01.CIR.77.1.78
Huntsman, 1983, Noninvasive Doppler determination of cardiac output in man: clinical validation, Circulation, 67, 593, 10.1161/01.CIR.67.3.593
Bouchard, 1987, Measurement of left ventricular stroke volume using continuous wave Doppler echocardiography of the ascending aorta and M-mode echocardiography of the aortic valve, J Am Coll Cardiol, 9, 75, 10.1016/S0735-1097(87)80085-2
Moulinier, 1991, Measurement of aortic blood flow by Doppler echocardiography: day to day variability in normal subjects and applicability in clinical research, J Am Coll Cardiol, 17, 1326, 10.1016/S0735-1097(10)80143-3
Rokey, 1985, Determination of parameters of left ventricular diastolic filling with pulsed Doppler echocardiography: comparison with cineangiography, Circulation, 71, 543, 10.1161/01.CIR.71.3.543
Stoddard, 1989, Left ventricular diastolic function: comparison of pulsed Doppler echocardiographic and hemodynamic indexes in subjects with and without coronary artery disease, J Am Coll Cardiol, 13, 327, 10.1016/0735-1097(89)90507-X
Nishimura, 1989, Assessment of diastolic function of the heart: background and current applications of Doppler echocardiography: part II, clinical studies [review], Mayo Clin Proc, 64, 181, 10.1016/S0025-6196(12)65673-0
Appleton, 1988, Relation of transmitral flow velocity patterns to left ventricular diastolic function: new insights from a combined hemodynamic and Doppler echocardiographic study, J Am Coll Cardiol, 12, 426, 10.1016/0735-1097(88)90416-0
Mulvagh, 1992, Estimation of left ventricular end-diastolic pressure from Doppler transmitral flow velocity in cardiac patients independent of systolic performance, J Am Coll Cardiol, 20, 112, 10.1016/0735-1097(92)90146-E
Pozzoli, 1996, Doppler echocardiography reliably predicts pulmonary artery wedge pressure in patients with chronic heart failure with and without mitral regurgitation, J Am Coll Cardiol, 27, 883, 10.1016/0735-1097(95)00553-6
Nishimura, 1990, Relation of pulmonary vein to mitral flow velocities by transesophageal Doppler echocardiography: effect of different loading conditions, Circulation, 81, 1488, 10.1161/01.CIR.81.5.1488
Kuecherer, 1990, Estimation of mean left atrial pressure from transesophageal pulsed Doppler echocardiography of pulmonary venous flow, Circulation, 82, 1127, 10.1161/01.CIR.82.4.1127
Nagueh, 1995, Feasibility and accuracy of Doppler echocardiographic estimation of pulmonary artery occlusive pressure in the intensive care unit, Am J Cardiol, 75, 1256, 10.1016/S0002-9149(99)80773-5
Burstow, 1989, Cardiac tamponade: characteristic Doppler observations, Mayo Clin Proc, 64, 312, 10.1016/S0025-6196(12)65251-3
Chandraratna, 1991, Echocardiography and Doppler ultrasound in the evaluation of pericardial disease, Circulation, 84, I303
Hatle, 1989, Differentiation of constrictive pericarditis and restrictive cardiomyopathy by Doppler echocardiography [comments], Circulation, 79, 357, 10.1161/01.CIR.79.2.357
Oh, 1994, Diagnostic role of Doppler echocardiography in constrictive pericarditis [comments], J Am Coll Cardiol, 23, 154, 10.1016/0735-1097(94)90514-2
Cohen, 1996, A practical guide to assessment of ventricular diastolic function using Doppler echocardiography [review], J Am Coll Cardiol, 27, 1753, 10.1016/0735-1097(96)00088-5
Oki, 1997, Clinical application of pulsed Doppler tissue imaging for assessing abnormal left ventricular relaxation [comments], Am J Cardiol, 79, 921, 10.1016/S0002-9149(97)00015-5
Sohn, 1997, Assessment of mitral annulus velocity by Doppler tissue imaging in the evaluation of left ventricular diastolic function, J Am Coll Cardiol, 30, 474, 10.1016/S0735-1097(97)88335-0
Nagueh, 1997, Doppler tissue imaging: a noninvasive technique for evaluation of left ventricular relaxation and estimation of filling pressures, J Am Coll Cardiol, 30, 1527, 10.1016/S0735-1097(97)00344-6
Ommen, 2000, Clinical utility of Doppler echocardiography and tissue doppler imaging in the estimation of left ventricular filling pressures: a comparative simultaneous Doppler-catheterization study, Circulation, 102, 1788, 10.1161/01.CIR.102.15.1788
Nagueh, 1999, Doppler estimation of left ventricular filling pressures in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, Circulation, 99, 254, 10.1161/01.CIR.99.2.254
Nagueh, 1998, Doppler estimation of left ventricular filling pressure in sinus tachycardia: a new application of tissue doppler imaging, Circulation, 98, 1644, 10.1161/01.CIR.98.16.1644
Oki, 1999, Left ventricular systolic wall motion velocities along the long and short axes measured by pulsed tissue Doppler imaging in patients with atrial fibrillation, J Am Soc Echocardiogr, 12, 121, 10.1016/S0894-7317(99)70124-0
Brun, 1992, Left ventricular flow propagation during early filling is related to wall relaxation: a color M-mode Doppler analysis, J Am Coll Cardiol, 20, 420, 10.1016/0735-1097(92)90112-Z
Garcia, 2000, Color M-mode Doppler flow propagation velocity is a preload insensitive index of left ventricular relaxation: animal and human validation, J Am Coll Cardiol, 35, 201, 10.1016/S0735-1097(99)00503-3
Garcia, 1997, An index of early left ventricular filling that combined with pulsed Doppler peak E velocity may estimate capillary wedge pressure, J Am Coll Cardiol, 29, 448, 10.1016/S0735-1097(96)00496-2
Nagueh, 1996, Assessment of left ventricular filling pressures by Doppler in the presence of atrial fibrillation, Circulation, 94, 2138, 10.1161/01.CIR.94.9.2138
Currie, 1985, Continuous wave Doppler determination of right ventricular pressure: a simultaneous Doppler-catheterization study in 127 patients, J Am Coll Cardiol, 6, 750, 10.1016/S0735-1097(85)80477-0
Kircher, 1990, Noninvasive estimation of right atrial pressure from the inspiratory collapse of the inferior vena cava, Am J Cardiol, 66, 493, 10.1016/0002-9149(90)90711-9
Nagueh, 1996, Relation of mean right atrial pressure to echocardiographic and Doppler parameters of right atrial and right ventricular function, Circulation, 93, 1160, 10.1161/01.CIR.93.6.1160
Ommen, 2000, Assessment of right atrial pressure with 2-dimensional and Doppler echocardiography: a simultaneous catheterization and echocardiographic study, Mayo Clin Proc, 75, 24, 10.4065/75.1.24
Himelman, 1990, Noninvasive evaluation of pulmonary artery systolic pressures during dynamic exercise by saline-enhanced Doppler echocardiography, Am Heart J, 119, 685, 10.1016/S0002-8703(05)80300-X
Hatle, 1978, Noninvasive assessment of pressure drop in mitral stenosis by Doppler ultrasound, Br Heart J, 40, 131, 10.1136/hrt.40.2.131
Hatle, 1980, Non-invasive assessment of aortic stenosis by Doppler ultrasound, Br Heart J, 43, 284, 10.1136/hrt.43.3.284
Currie, 1985, Continuous-wave Doppler echocardiographic assessment of severity of calcific aortic stenosis: a simultaneous Doppler-catheter correlative study in 100 adult patients, Circulation, 71, 1162, 10.1161/01.CIR.71.6.1162
Currie, 1986, Instantaneous pressure gradient: a simultaneous Doppler and dual catheter correlative study, J Am Coll Cardiol, 7, 800, 10.1016/S0735-1097(86)80339-4
Skjaerpe, 1985, Noninvasive estimation of valve area in patients with aortic stenosis by Doppler ultrasound and two-dimensional echocardiography, Circulation, 72, 810, 10.1161/01.CIR.72.4.810
Otto, 1986, Determination of the stenotic aortic valve area in adults using Doppler echocardiography, J Am Coll Cardiol, 7, 509, 10.1016/S0735-1097(86)80460-0
Hatle, 1979, Noninvasive assessment of atrioventricular pressure half-time by Doppler ultrasound, Circulation, 60, 1096, 10.1161/01.CIR.60.5.1096
Stamm, 1983, Quantification of pressure gradients across stenotic valves by Doppler ultrasound, J Am Coll Cardiol, 2, 707, 10.1016/S0735-1097(83)80311-8
Smith, 1986, Comparative accuracy of two-dimensional echocardiography and Doppler pressure half-time methods in assessing severity of mitral stenosis in patients with and without prior commissurotomy, Circulation, 73, 100, 10.1161/01.CIR.73.1.100
Flachskampf, 1990, Aortic regurgitation shortens Doppler pressure half-time in mitral stenosis: clinical evidence, in vitro simulation and theoretic analysis, J Am Coll Cardiol, 16, 396, 10.1016/0735-1097(90)90592-D
Karp, 1989, Reassessment of valve area determinations in mitral stenosis by the pressure half-time method: impact of left ventricular stiffness and peak diastolic pressure difference, J Am Coll Cardiol, 13, 594, 10.1016/0735-1097(89)90599-8
Loyd, 1988, Pressure half-time does not always predict mitral valve area correctly, J Am Soc Echocardiogr, 1, 313, 10.1016/S0894-7317(88)80005-1
Rokey, 1986, Determination of regurgitant fraction in isolated mitral or aortic regurgitation by pulsed Doppler two-dimensional echocardiography, J Am Coll Cardiol, 7, 1273, 10.1016/S0735-1097(86)80146-2
Enriquez-Sarano, 1994, Effective regurgitant orifice area: a noninvasive Doppler development of an old hemodynamic concept, J Am Coll Cardiol, 23, 443, 10.1016/0735-1097(94)90432-4
Teague, 1986, Quantification of aortic regurgitation utilizing continuous wave Doppler ultrasound, J Am Coll Cardiol, 8, 592, 10.1016/S0735-1097(86)80188-7
Chen, 1991, Impact of impinging wall jet on color Doppler quantification of mitral regurgitation, Circulation, 84, 712, 10.1161/01.CIR.84.2.712
Mele, 1995, Proximal jet size by Doppler color flow mapping predicts severity of mitral regurgitation: clinical studies, Circulation, 91, 746, 10.1161/01.CIR.91.3.746
Hall, 1997, Assessment of mitral regurgitation severity by Doppler color flow mapping of the vena contracta [comments], Circulation, 95, 636, 10.1161/01.CIR.95.3.636
Perry, 1987, Evaluation of aortic insufficiency by Doppler color flow mapping, J Am Coll Cardiol, 9, 952, 10.1016/S0735-1097(87)80254-1
Pu, 1995, Quantification of mitral regurgitation by the proximal convergence method using transesophageal echocardiography: clinical validation of a geometric correction for proximal flow constraint, Circulation, 92, 2169, 10.1161/01.CIR.92.8.2169
Schwammenthal, 1994, Dynamics of mitral regurgitant flow and orifice area: physiologic application of the proximal flow convergence method: clinical data and experimental testing, Circulation, 90, 307, 10.1161/01.CIR.90.1.307
Enriquez-Sarano, 1995, Effective mitral regurgitant orifice area: clinical use and pitfalls of the proximal isovelocity surface area method, J Am Coll Cardiol, 25, 703, 10.1016/0735-1097(94)00434-R
Utsunomiya, 1993, Calculation of volume flow rate by the proximal isovelocity surface area method: simplified approach using color Doppler zero baseline shift, J Am Coll Cardiol, 22, 277, 10.1016/0735-1097(93)90844-Q
Dujardin, 1997, Grading of mitral regurgitation by quantitative Doppler echocardiography: calibration by left ventricular angiography in routine clinical practice, Circulation, 96, 3409, 10.1161/01.CIR.96.10.3409
Reisner, 1988, Normal values of prosthetic valve Doppler echocardiographic parameters: a review, J Am Soc Echocardiogr, 1, 201, 10.1016/S0894-7317(88)80076-2
Chafizadeh, 1991, Doppler echocardiographic assessment of the St. Jude Medical prosthetic valve in the aortic position using the continuity equation, Circulation, 83, 213, 10.1161/01.CIR.83.1.213
Burstow, 1989, Continuous wave Doppler echocardiographic measurement of prosthetic valve gradients: a simultaneous Doppler-catheter correlative study, Circulation, 80, 504, 10.1161/01.CIR.80.3.504
Baumgartner, 1990, Discrepancies between Doppler and catheter gradients in aortic prosthetic valves in vitro: a manifestation of localized gradients and pressure recovery, Circulation, 82, 1467, 10.1161/01.CIR.82.4.1467
Baumgartner, 1992, Effect of prosthetic aortic valve design on the Doppler-catheter gradient correlation: an in vitro study of normal St. Jude, Medtronic-Hall, Starr-Edwards and Hancock valves, J Am Coll Cardiol, 19, 324, 10.1016/0735-1097(92)90486-7
Pibarot, 1995, Substitution of left ventricular outflow tract diameter with prosthesis size is inadequate for calculation of the aortic prosthetic valve area by the continuity equation, J Am Soc Echocardiogr, 8, 511, 10.1016/S0894-7317(05)80339-6
Chambers, 1993, Mitral pressure half-time: is it a valid measure of orifice area in artificial heart valves? [review], J Heart Valve Dis, 2, 571
Dumesnil, 1990, Validation and applications of mitral prosthetic valvular areas calculated by Doppler echocardiography, Am J Cardiol, 65, 1443, 10.1016/0002-9149(90)91352-7
Bitar, 1995, Doppler echocardiographic assessment with the continuity equation of St. Jude Medical mechanical prostheses in the mitral valve position [published erratum appears in Am J Cardiol 1995;76(8):642], Am J Cardiol, 76, 287, 10.1016/S0002-9149(99)80083-6
Mohr-Kahaly, 1990, Regurgitant flow in apparently normal valve prostheses: improved detection and semiquantitative analysis by transesophageal two-dimensional color-coded Doppler echocardiography, J Am Soc Echocardiogr, 3, 187, 10.1016/S0894-7317(14)80433-1
Flachskampf, 1991, Patterns of normal transvalvular regurgitation in mechanical valve prostheses, J Am Coll Cardiol, 18, 1493, 10.1016/0735-1097(91)90680-8
Daniel, 1990, Comparison of transthoracic and transesophageal assessment of prosthetic valve dysfunction, Echocardiography, 7, 83, 10.1111/j.1540-8175.1990.tb00352.x
Khandheria, 1991, Value and limitations of transesophageal echocardiography in assessment of mitral valve prostheses, Circulation, 83, 1956, 10.1161/01.CIR.83.6.1956