Recent studies on dendrotoxins and potassium ion channels

Akins, 1993, Characterization of potassium currents in adult rat sensory neurons and modulation by opioids and cyclic AMP, Neuroscience, 56, 759, 10.1016/0306-4522(93)90372-M

Anderson, 1985, The effects of protease inhibitor homologues from mamba snake venoms on autonomic neurotransmission, Toxicon, 23, 947, 10.1016/0041-0101(85)90387-3

Anderson, 1988, Effects of the potassium channel blocking dendrotoxins on acetylcholine release and motor nerve terminal activity, Br. J. Pharmac., 93, 215, 10.1111/j.1476-5381.1988.tb11424.x

Awan, 1991, K+ channel sub-types in rat brain: characteristic locations revealed using β-bungarotoxin, α- and β-dendrotoxins, Neuroscience, 40, 29, 10.1016/0306-4522(91)90172-K

Bagetta, 1992, Production of seizures and brain damage in rats by α-dendrotoxin, a selective K+ channel blocker, Neurosci. Lett., 139, 34, 10.1016/0304-3940(92)90851-W

Barrett, 1979, Effects of the venom of the green mamba Dendroaspis angusticeps on skeletal muscle and neuromuscular transmission, Br. J. Pharmac., 167, 199, 10.1111/j.1476-5381.1979.tb08667.x

Baker, 1993, Two types of 4-aminopyridine-sensitive potassium current in rabbit schwann-cells, J. Physiol., 464, 321, 10.1113/jphysiol.1993.sp019637

Barrezueta, 1994, Distribution of (125I)α-dendrotoxin binding sites in the amygdala, hippocampus, and entorhinal cortex of the monkey, Soc. Neurosci. Abst., 20, 1524

Benishin, 1988, Four polypeptide components of green mamba venom selectively block certain potassium channels in rat brain synaptosomes, Mol. Pharmac., 34, 152

Benoit, 1986, Toxin I from the snake Dendroaspis polylepis polylepis: a high specific blocker of one type of potassium channel in myelinated nerve fibre, Brain Res., 37, 374, 10.1016/0006-8993(86)90884-X

Berndt, 1993, Nuclear-magnetic-resonance solution structure of dendrotoxin-K from the venom of Dendroaspis polylepis polylepis, J. Mol. Biol., 234, 735, 10.1006/jmbi.1993.1623

Bidard, 1989, Analogies and differences in the mode of action and properties of binding sites (localization and mutual interactions) of two K+ channel toxins, MCD peptide and dendrotoxin, J. Brain Res., 495, 45, 10.1016/0006-8993(89)91216-X

Black, 1988, Solubilization and physical characterization of acceptors for dendrotoxin and β-bungarotoxin from synaptic membranes of rat brain, Biochemistry, 27, 6814, 10.1021/bi00418a025

Blair, 1991, Functional characterization of RK5, a voltage-gated K+ channel cloned from the rat cardiovascular system, FEBS Lett., 295, 211, 10.1016/0014-5793(91)81420-D

Blatt, 1992, K+ channels of stomatal guard-cells—characteristics of the inward rectifier and its control by pH, J. Gen. Physiol., 99, 615, 10.1085/jgp.99.4.615

Brau, 1990, A K+ current in Xenopus nerve fibres selectively blocked by bee and snake toxins: binding and voltage-clamp experiments, J. Physiol., 420, 365, 10.1113/jphysiol.1990.sp017918

Coleman, 1992, Protection against dendrotoxin-induced clonic seizures in mice by anticonvulsant drugs, Brain Res., 575, 138, 10.1016/0006-8993(92)90433-A

Corrette, 1991, Two types of fast K+ channels in rat myelinated nerve fibres and their sensitivity to dendrotoxin, Pfluger's Arch., 418, 408, 10.1007/BF00550879

Danse, 1994, On the site by which α-dendrotoxin binds to voltage-dependent potassium channels: site-directed mutagenesis reveals that the lysine triplet 28–30 is not essential for binding, FEBS Lett., 356, 153, 10.1016/0014-5793(94)01235-0

Dolly, 1994, Botulinum neurotoxin and dendrotoxin as probes for studies on transmitter release, J. Physiol. (Paris), 79, 280

Dreyer, 1990, Peptide toxins and potassium channels, Rev. Physiol. Biochem. Pharmac., 115, 93, 10.1007/BFb0033953

Dreyer, 1987, The actions of presynaptic snake toxins on membrane currents of mouse motor nerve terminals, J. Physiol., 386, 455, 10.1113/jphysiol.1987.sp016544

Dufton, 1985, Proteinase inhibitors and dendrotoxins, 153, 647

Eder, 1995, Properties of voltage-gated potassium currents of microglia differentiated with granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor, J. Memb. Biol., 147, 137, 10.1007/BF00233542

Ferroni, 1992, Expression of a genomic clone encoding a brain potassium channel in mammalian cells using lipofection, Eur. Biophys. J., 21, 185, 10.1007/BF00196762

Foehring, 1993, Voltage-gated potassium currents in acutely dissociated rat cortical neurons, J. Neurophysiol., 70, 51, 10.1152/jn.1993.70.1.51

Foray, 1993, Sequence specific H-1-NMR assignment and secondary structure of Black Mamba dendrotoxin I, a highly selective blocker of voltage-gated potassium channels, Eur. J. Biochem., 211, 813, 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1993.tb17613.x

Grissmer, 1994, Pharmacological characterization of 5 cloned voltag-egated K+ channels, types KV1.1, KV1.2, KV1.3, KV1.5 and KV3.1, stably expressed in mammalian cell lines, Mol. Pharmac., 45, 1227

Grupe, 1990, Cloning and expression of a human voltage-gated potassium channel, 9, 1749

Guillemare, 1992, Effects of the level of messenger RNA expression on biophysical properties, sensitivity to neurotoxins, and regulation of the brain delayed rectifier K+ channel KV1.2, Biochemistry, 31, 12463, 10.1021/bi00164a024

Hall, 1994, Blockade by dendrotoxin homologues of voltage-dependent K+ currents in cultured sensory neurones from neonatal rats, Br. J. Pharmac., 113, 959, 10.1111/j.1476-5381.1994.tb17086.x

Halliwell, 1986, Central action of dendrotoxin: selective reduction of transient K conductance in hippocampus and binding to localized acceptors, 83, 493

Harvey, 1987, Pharmacological actions of facilitatory neurotoxins on peripheral synapes, 97

Harvey, 1991, Dendrotoxins: snake toxins that block potassium channels and facilitate neurotransmitter release, 131

Harvey, 1980, Dendrotoxin from the venom of the green mamba Dendroaspis angusticeps, 312, 1

Harvey, 1982, Protease inhibitor homologues from mamba venoms: facilitation of acetylcholine release and interactions with prejunctional blocking toxins, Br. J. Pharmac., 77, 133, 10.1111/j.1476-5381.1982.tb09281.x

Harvey, 1984, Facilitation of transmitter release by neurotoxins from snake venoms, J. Physiol. (Paris), 79, 222

Heurteaux, 1991, MCD peptide and dendrotoxin I activate c-fos and c-jun expression by acting on two different types of K+ channels, 554, 22

Hollecker, 1993, Structural features important for the biological activity of the potassium channel blocking dendrotoxins, Br. J. Pharmac., 110, 790, 10.1111/j.1476-5381.1993.tb13881.x

Hopkins, 1994, Properties of voltage-gated K+ currents expressed in Xenopus oocytes by MKV 1.1, MKV 1.2 and their heteromultimers as revealed by mutagenesis of the dendrotoxin-binding site in MKV1.1, Pfluger's Arch. Eur. J. Physiol., 428, 382, 10.1007/BF00724522

Hopkins, 1994, Both N- and C-terminal regions contribute to the assembly and functional expression of homo- and heteromultimeric voltage-gated K+ channels, J. Neurosci., 14, 1385, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.14-03-01385.1994

Hurst, 1991, Identification of amino acid residues involved in dendrotoxin block of rat voltage-dependent potassium channels, Mol. Pharmac., 140, 572

Jonas, 1989, Single-channel recording in myelinated nerve fibres reveals one type of Na channel but different K channels, 86, 7238

Joubert, 1980, The amino acid sequence of two proteinase inhibitor homologues from Dendroaspis angusticeps venom, Hoppe-Seyler's Z. Physiol. Chem., 361, 661, 10.1515/bchm2.1980.361.1.661

Kirsch, 1991, Electrophysiological characterization of a new member of the RCK family of rat brain K+ channels, FEBS Lett., 278, 55, 10.1016/0014-5793(91)80082-E

Kondo, 1992, K+ channel involvement in induction of synaptic enhancement by mast cell degranulating (MCD) peptide, Neurosci. Res., 13, 207, 10.1016/0168-0102(92)90060-P

Lancelin, 1994, Proteinase-inhibitor homologs as potassium channel blockers, Nature Struct. Biology, 1, 246, 10.1038/nsb0494-246

Marshall, 1992, Protease inhibitor homologs of dendrotoxin do not bind to dendrotoxin acceptors on synaptosomal membranes or facilitate neuromuscular transmission, Biol. Chem. HoppeSeyler, 373, 707

McGivern, 1993, Action of α-dendrotoxin on K+ currents in nerve terminal regions of axon in rat olfactory cortex, Br. J. Pharmac., 109, 535, 10.1111/j.1476-5381.1993.tb13603.x

Mehraban, 1986, Monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies against dendrotoxin: their effects on its convulsive activity and interaction with neuronal acceptors, Neurochem. Int., 9, 11, 10.1016/0197-0186(86)90026-4

Moczydlowski, 1988, An emerging pharmacology of peptide toxins targeted against potassium channels, J. Memb. Biol., 105, 95, 10.1007/BF02009164

Muniz, 1990, Characterisation of binding sites for δ-dendrotoxin in guinea-pig synaptosomes: relationship to acceptors for the K+ channel probe α-dendrotoxin, J. Neurochem., 54, 343, 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1990.tb13320.x

Newitt, 1991, Potassium channels and epilepsy: evidence that the epileptogenic toxin, dendrotoxin, binds to potassium channel proteins, 263

Obermeyer, 1994, Selective block by α-dendrotoxin of the K+ inward rectifier at the vicia guard cell plasma membrane, J. Memb. Biol., 137, 249, 10.1007/BF00232593

Parcej, 1989, .Dendrotoxin acceptor from bovine synaptic plasma membranes, Biochem. J., 257, 899, 10.1042/bj2570899

Parcej, 1992, Oligomeric properties of a-dendrotoxin-sensitive potassium ion channels purified from bovine brain, Biochemistry, 31, 11084, 10.1021/bi00160a018

Pelchen-Matthews, 1989, Distribution in the rat central nervous system of acceptor sub-types for dendrotoxin, a K+ channel probe, Neuroscience, 29, 347, 10.1016/0306-4522(89)90062-6

Penner, 1986, Dendrotoxin: selective blocker of a non-inactivating potassium current in guinea-pig dorsal root ganglion neurones, Pfluger's Arch., 407, 365, 10.1007/BF00652619

Poulter, 1989, Dendrotoxin blocks accommodation in frog myelinated axons, J. Neurophysiol., 62, 174, 10.1152/jn.1989.62.1.174

Rehm, 1988, Purification and subunit structure of a putative K+-channel protein identified by its binding properties for dendrotoxin I, 85, 4919

Rehm, 1989, Dendrotoxin-binding brain membrane protein displays a K+ channel activity that is stimulated by both cAMP-dependent and endogenous phosphorylations, Biochemistry, 28, 6455, 10.1021/bi00441a044

Rehm, 1989, Immunological evidence for a relationship between the dendrotoxin-binding protein and the mammalian homologue of the Drosophila shaker K+ channel, FEBS Lett., 249, 224, 10.1016/0014-5793(89)80628-3

Ren, 1993, Inhibition of a K+ current by β-dendrotoxin in primary and subcultured vascular smooth muscle cells, J. Pharmacol. Exper. Ther., 269, 209

Rettig, 1992, Characterization of a Shaw-related potassium channel family in rat brain, EMBO J., 11, 2473, 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1992.tb05312.x

Robertson, 1993, Pharmacology of a cloned potassium channel from mouse brain (MK-1) expressed in CHO cells: effects of blockers and an ‘inactivation peptide’, Br. J. Pharmac., 109, 725, 10.1111/j.1476-5381.1993.tb13634.x

Rowan, 1993, Expression and pharmacological activity of recombinant dendrotoxin, Toxicon, 31, 533, 10.1016/0041-0101(93)90093-X

Ruppersberg, 1990, Heteromultimeric channels formed by rat brain potassium-channel proteins, Nature, 345, 535, 10.1038/345535a0

Safronov, 1993, Single voltage-dependent potassium channels in rat peripheral nerve membrane, J. Physiol., 460, 675, 10.1113/jphysiol.1993.sp019493

Schechter, 1994, A comparative profile of 125I-α-dendrotoxin binding to voltage-dependent potassium channels in rodent nonhuman primate and human brain, Soc. Neurosci. Abst., 20, 1524

Schweitz, 1995, Kalicludines and kaliseptine, 270, 25121

Scott, 1994, Antibodies specific for distinct KV subunits unveil a heterooligomeric basis for subtypes of a-dendrotoxin-sensitive K+ channels in bovine brain, Biochemistry, 33, 1617, 10.1021/bi00173a001

Silveira, 1988, Behavioural and neurochemical effects of intraperitoneally injected dendrotoxin, Toxicon, 26, 287, 10.1016/0041-0101(88)90219-X

Skarzynski, 1992, Crystal-structure of alpha-dendrotoxin from the green mamba venom and its comparison with the structure of bovine pancreatic trypsin-inhibitor, J. Mol. Biol., 224, 671, 10.1016/0022-2836(92)90552-U

Smith, 1993, Cloning and functional expression of dendrotoxin K from Black Mamba, a K+ channel blocker, Biochemistry, 32, 5692, 10.1021/bi00072a026

Smith, 1995, Cloning and expression of mamba toxins, Toxicon, 33, 459, 10.1016/0041-0101(94)00193-C

Snyders, 1993, A rapidly activating and slowly inactivating potassium channel cloned from human heart—functional analysis after stable mammalian cell culture expression, J. Gen. Physiol., 101, 513, 10.1085/jgp.101.4.513

Sorensen, 1989, Rat brain dendrotoxin receptors associated with voltage-gated potassium channels: dendrotoxin binding and receptor solubilization, Mol. Pharmac., 36, 689

Stansfeld, 1988, Dendrotoxin-sensitive K+ channels in dorsal root ganglion cells, Neurosci. Lett., 93, 49, 10.1016/0304-3940(88)90011-0

Stansfeld, 1986, 4-Aminopyridine and dendrotoxin induce repetitive firing in rat visceral sensory neurones by blocking a slowly inactivating outward current, Neurosci. Lett., 64, 299, 10.1016/0304-3940(86)90345-9

Stansfeld, 1987, Mast cell degranulating peptide and dendrotoxin selectively inhibit a fast-activating potassium current and bind to common neuronal proteins, Neuroscience, 23, 893, 10.1016/0306-4522(87)90166-7

Stansfeld, 1991, Kinetics of the dendrotoxin-sensitive K-current in dissociated dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons of the rat, J. Physiol., 34, 91

Storm, 1988, Temporal integration by a slowly inactivating K+ current in hippocampal neurons, Nature, 336, 379, 10.1038/336379a0

Strydom, 1973, Protease inhibitors as snake venom toxins, Nature New Biol., 243, 88

Stuhmer, 1988, Potassium channels expressed from rat brain, 242, 199

Stuhmer, 1989, Molecular basis of functional diversity of voltage-gated potassium channels in mammalian brain, EMBO J., 8, 3244, 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1989.tb08483.x

Stutzmann, 1991, Riluzole prevents hyperexcitability produced by the mast cell degranulating peptide and dendrotoxin I in the rat, Eur. J. Pharmacol., 193, 223, 10.1016/0014-2999(91)90040-W

Swanson, 1990, Cloning and expression of cDNA and genomic clones encoding three delayed rectifier potassium channels in rat brain, Neuron, 4, 929, 10.1016/0896-6273(90)90146-7

Tytgat, 1995, The α-dendrotoxin footprint on a mammalian potassium channel, J. Biol. Chem., 270, 24776, 10.1074/jbc.270.42.24776

Wang, 1992, Identification of RBK1 Potassium channels in C6 astrocytoma cells, Glia, 5, 146, 10.1002/glia.440050209

Weller, 1985, Electrophysiological and neurobiochemical evidence for the blockade of a potassium channel by dendrotoxin, Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmacol., 330, 77, 10.1007/BF00499898

Werkman, 1992, Charybdotoxin, dendrotoxin and mast cell degranulating peptide block the voltage-activated K+ current of fibroblast cells stably transfected with NGK1 (KV1.2) K+-channel, Neuroscience, 50, 935, 10.1016/0306-4522(92)90216-O

Wu, 1992, Two pharmacologically and kinetically distinct transient potassium currents in cultured embryonic mouse hippocampal neurons, J. Neurosci., 12, 2235, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.12-06-02235.1992

Velluti, 1987, Limbic epilepsy induced in the rat by dendrotoxin, a polypeptide isolated from the green mamba (Dendroaspis angusticeps) venom, Toxicon, 25, 649, 10.1016/0041-0101(87)90111-5